C#使用NPOI将Excel数据导入数据库和导出
C#使用NPOI将Excel数据导入数据库和导出
1.导出功能实现（话不多说直接上代码）
//导出
private void btnExport_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
IWorkbook excel = new HSSFWorkbook();//创建.xls文件
ISheet sheet = excel.CreateSheet("sheet1"); //创建sheet
DataTable datatable = Main.data; // (DataTable)dataGridView.DataSource;//获取数据源datatable
IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(0);//创建行对象，填充表头
foreach (DataColumn column in datatable.Columns)
{
row.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue("用户名");
row.CreateCell(1).SetCellValue("身份证号码");
row.CreateCell(2).SetCellValue("年龄");
row.CreateCell(3).SetCellValue("性别");
row.CreateCell(4).SetCellValue("出生年月");
row.CreateCell(5).SetCellValue("政治面貌");
row.CreateCell(6).SetCellValue("联系方式");
row.CreateCell(7).SetCellValue("户主");
row.CreateCell(8).SetCellValue("与户主关系");
row.CreateCell(9).SetCellValue("工作单位");
row.CreateCell(10).SetCellValue("行政村");
row.CreateCell(11).SetCellValue("自然庄(小区)");
row.CreateCell(12).SetCellValue("家庭住址");
row.CreateCell(13).SetCellValue("备注");
}
//填充内容，j从1开始，屏蔽掉第一列，循环读取
for (int i = 0; i < datatable.Rows.Count; i++)
{
row = sheet.CreateRow(i + 1);
for (int j = 1; j < datatable.Columns.Count; j++)
{
row.CreateCell(j - 1).SetCellValue(datatable.Rows[i][j].ToString());
sheet.AutoSizeColumn(j);
}
}
//写入文件
//string DesktopPath = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.DesktopDirectory);
FileStream xlsfile = new FileStream(txtPath.Text.ToString() + txtName.Text.ToString() + ".xls", FileMode.Create);
excel.Write(xlsfile);
xlsfile.Close();
MessageBox.Show("Excel文件已导出到您的指定位置", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Asterisk);
}
catch (Exception)
{
MessageBox.Show("导出失败");
}
}
2.导入数据库
//导入Excel 内容到 DataTable中(返回DataTable)
/// DataTable数据表
public static void ReadExcelToDataTable(TextBox txt, string sheetName = null, bool isFirstRowColumn = true)
{
//定义要返回的datatable对象
DataTable data = new DataTable();
//excel工作表
NPOI.SS.UserModel.ISheet sheet = null;
//数据开始行(排除标题行)
int startRow = 0;
try
{
if (!File.Exists(txt.Text.ToString()))
{
MessageBox.Show("没有选择路径");
return;
}
//根据指定路径读取文件
FileStream fs = new FileStream(txt.Text.ToString(), FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
//根据文件流创建excel数据结构
NPOI.SS.UserModel.IWorkbook workbook = NPOI.SS.UserModel.WorkbookFactory.Create(fs);
//IWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
//如果有指定工作表名称
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(sheetName))
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheet(sheetName);
//如果没有找到指定的sheetName对应的sheet，则尝试获取第一个sheet
if (sheet == null)
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);
}
}
else
{
//如果没有指定的sheetName，则尝试获取第一个sheet
sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);
}
if (sheet != null)
{
NPOI.SS.UserModel.IRow firstRow = sheet.GetRow(0);
//一行最后一个cell的编号 即总的列数
int cellCount = firstRow.LastCellNum;
//如果第一行是标题列名
if (isFirstRowColumn)
{
for (int i = firstRow.FirstCellNum; i < cellCount; ++i)
{
NPOI.SS.UserModel.ICell cell = firstRow.GetCell(i);
if (cell != null)
{
string cellValue = cell.StringCellValue;
if (cellValue != null)
{
DataColumn column = new DataColumn(cellValue);
data.Columns.Add(column);
}
}
}
startRow = sheet.FirstRowNum + 1;
}
else
{
startRow = sheet.FirstRowNum;
}
//最后一列的标号
int rowCount = sheet.LastRowNum;
for (int i = startRow; i <= rowCount; ++i)
{
NPOI.SS.UserModel.IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
if (row == null) continue; //没有数据的行默认是null
DataRow dataRow = data.NewRow();
for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; ++j)
{
if (row.GetCell(j) != null) //同理，没有数据的单元格都默认是null
dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
}
data.Rows.Add(dataRow);
}
}
DataTable dt = SQLDBhelp.Query("Select CardID from Main");
for (int i =0;i<data.Rows.Count;i++)//excle单元格导入总共数据
{
for(int j =0;j<dt.Rows.Count;j++)//数据库
{
if (data.Rows[i][1].ToString() ==dt.Rows[j][0].ToString())//对比
{
MessageBox.Show("Excel第 " + (i+2).ToString() + " 行身份证重复，请核对数据");
return;
}
}
}
string queryString = "insert into [Census].[dbo].[Main](UserName,CardID,Age,Sex,Birthday,PoliticalStatus,Phone,HeadOfHousehold,Relationship,Employer,AdministrativeVillage,Plot,HomeAddress,Note)Values(@UserName,@CardID,@Age,@Sex,@Birthday,@PoliticalStatus,@Phone,@HeadOfHousehold,@Relationship,@Employer,@AdministrativeVillage,@Plot,@HomeAddress,@Note)";
for(int i=0;i<data.Rows.Count;i++)
{
SqlParameter[] param = new SqlParameter[14];
param[0] = new SqlParameter("@UserName", SqlDbType.NVarChar);
param[1] = new SqlParameter("@CardID", SqlDbType.NVarChar);
param[2] = new SqlParameter("@Age", SqlDbType.NVarChar);
param[3] = new SqlParameter("@Sex", SqlDbType.NVarChar);
param[4] = new SqlParameter("@Birthday", SqlDbType.NVarChar);
param[5] = new SqlParameter("@PoliticalStatus", SqlDbType.Int);
param[6] = new SqlParameter("@Phone", SqlDbType.NVarChar);
param[7] = new SqlParameter("@HeadOfHousehold", SqlDbType.NVarChar);
param[8] = new SqlParameter("@Relationship", SqlDbType.Int);
param[9] = new SqlParameter("@Employer", SqlDbType.NVarChar);
param[10] = new SqlParameter("@AdministrativeVillage", SqlDbType.Int);
param[11] = new SqlParameter("@Plot", SqlDbType.Int);
param[12] = new SqlParameter("@HomeAddress", SqlDbType.NVarChar);
param[13] = new SqlParameter("@Note", SqlDbType.NVarChar);
param[0].Value = data.Rows[i][0].ToString().Trim();
param[1].Value = data.Rows[i][1].ToString().Trim();
param[2].Value = data.Rows[i][2].ToString().Trim();
param[3].Value = data.Rows[i][3].ToString().Trim();
param[4].Value = data.Rows[i][4].ToString().Trim();
param[5].Value = data.Rows[i][5].ToString().Trim();
param[6].Value = data.Rows[i][6].ToString().Trim();
param[7].Value = data.Rows[i][7].ToString().Trim();
param[8].Value = data.Rows[i][8].ToString().Trim();
param[9].Value = data.Rows[i][9].ToString().Trim();
param[10].Value = data.Rows[i][10].ToString().Trim();
param[11].Value = data.Rows[i][11].ToString().Trim();
param[12].Value = data.Rows[i][12].ToString().Trim();
param[13].Value = data.Rows[i][13].ToString().Trim();
if(SQLDBhelp.ExecuteSQL(queryString, param) > 0)
else
{
MessageBox.Show("增加失败");
}
}
MessageBox.Show("增加成功");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("增加失败");
}
}