Eclipse搭建SSH（Struts2+Spring3+Hibernate3）框架项目教程

转载自CSDN账号：YnWi的文章 《 

Eclipse搭建SSH（Struts2+Spring3+Hibernate3）框架项目教程》 链接：http://blog.csdn.net/yeohcooller/article/details/9316923

致以崇高的敬意！

前言

确实好久没有写过了，一直以来把写博文当作自己学习的总结，当作做过的笔记，随时都可以拿出来看看。不过最近习惯了用OneNote和印象笔记，所以就很少在论坛写博文。但是偶尔看到几篇被转载了，也小小的虚荣了下。这种虚荣大神们已经习以为常，他们是不能理解的。

好吧，转入正题。

参加工作从事Java Web开发将近两年，也没有完整的搭建出一个SSH框架的项目，说出来确实有点不好意思，并且前一段一个朋友问我搭建过SSH框架没，我都没有好意思说没有。所以才有了搭建一个SSH框架项目的想法，因此有了今天的这篇博文。

这篇博文的目的

1. 尝试搭建一个完整的SSH框架项目。
2. 给以后的自己，也给别人一个参考。

读博文前应该注意：

1. 本文提纲：本文通过一个用户注册的实例讲解SSH的整合。创建Struts项目，整合Hibernate，整合Spring。最后总结如何熟练创建SSH项目。
2. 仅是创建SSH项目，对于其他的扩展例如Struts的国际化，Hibernate的缓存优化，Spring的AOP等，本博文涉及不到。想学习更多的东西请搜索其他博文。
3. 本项目的环境：Windows 8-64位，Eclipse Indigo Service Release 2，Tomcat 7.0，Struts-2.2.3.1，spring-framework-3.2.3.RELEASE（本来使用Spring3.1，但是整合Spring的时候启动服务器报错。错误信息竟然是Spring框架中的方法参数空指针。。。对比Spring3.2版本后，发现在3.2种增加了判断此参数是否为空，所以最终改为用Spring3.2.3的版本。详细错误信息见本目录下5），hibernate-release-4.0.0.CR6（整合Spring3时，可以启动服务器，但是点击注册后调用UserDao类的getHibernateTemplate().save(Obj)时浏览器页面报错，但是服务器没有反应。提示org.hibernate.SessionFactory中有没有openSession(Interceptor interceptor) 
   方法，但是Spring框架中的代码Session session = (entityInterceptor != null ? sessionFactory.openSession(entityInterceptor) : sessionFactory.openSession())显示用到该方法，虽然调用这段代码的方法传进来的entityInterceptor就为null。。。网上搜索无果，所以最终在整合Spring的时候使用Hibernate-3.6.10.Final。详细错误信息见本目录下6），MySQL 5.5.28下的project数据库。
4. user表的创建脚本。

    create table user(
    userId int auto_increment,
    userName varchar(16) not null,
    password varchar(16) not null,
    gender int not null,
    primary key(userId)
    );

5. 使用Spring3.1时出现错误的详细信息。

    SEVERE: Context initialization failed
    org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NullPointerException
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1445)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:522)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:459)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:294)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:567)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:913)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:464)
        at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:381)
        at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:283)
        at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:111)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4723)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext$1.call(StandardContext.java:5226)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext$1.call(StandardContext.java:5221)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
    Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
        at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBuilder.scanPackages(LocalSessionFactoryBuilder.java:138)
        at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:294)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1504)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1442)
        ... 20 more
   
    七月 13, 2013 6:48:44 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart
    SEVERE: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
    org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NullPointerException
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1445)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:522)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:459)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:294)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:567)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:913)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:464)
        at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:381)
        at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:283)
        at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:111)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4723)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext$1.call(StandardContext.java:5226)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext$1.call(StandardContext.java:5221)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
    Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
        at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBuilder.scanPackages(LocalSessionFactoryBuilder.java:138)
        at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:294)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1504)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1442)
        ... 20 more

6. 整合Spring时候，使用Hibernate时点击注册报错信息。

    java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
        sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:452)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeActionOnly(DefaultActionInvocation.java:291)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:254)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.doIntercept(DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.java:176)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(ValidationInterceptor.java:263)
        org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(AnnotationValidationInterceptor.java:68)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ConversionErrorInterceptor.intercept(ConversionErrorInterceptor.java:138)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.StaticParametersInterceptor.intercept(StaticParametersInterceptor.java:190)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        org.apache.struts2.interceptor.MultiselectInterceptor.intercept(MultiselectInterceptor.java:75)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CheckboxInterceptor.intercept(CheckboxInterceptor.java:94)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        org.apache.struts2.interceptor.FileUploadInterceptor.intercept(FileUploadInterceptor.java:243)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ModelDrivenInterceptor.java:100)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.java:141)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        org.apache.struts2.interceptor.debugging.DebuggingInterceptor.intercept(DebuggingInterceptor.java:270)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ChainingInterceptor.intercept(ChainingInterceptor.java:145)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.PrepareInterceptor.doIntercept(PrepareInterceptor.java:171)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.I18nInterceptor.intercept(I18nInterceptor.java:176)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletConfigInterceptor.intercept(ServletConfigInterceptor.java:164)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor.intercept(AliasInterceptor.java:190)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExceptionMappingInterceptor.intercept(ExceptionMappingInterceptor.java:187)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.execute(StrutsActionProxy.java:52)
        org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:498)
        org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77)
        org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:91)
   
    root cause
   
    java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.hibernate.SessionFactory.openSession()Lorg/hibernate/classic/Session;
        org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryUtils.doGetSession(SessionFactoryUtils.java:323)
        org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryUtils.getSession(SessionFactoryUtils.java:235)
        org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.getSession(HibernateTemplate.java:457)
        org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:392)
        org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.executeWithNativeSession(HibernateTemplate.java:374)
        org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.save(HibernateTemplate.java:683)
        com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl.UserDao.saveObject(UserDao.java:12)
        com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl.UserManagerImpl.regUser(UserManagerImpl.java:23)
        com.ynwi.ssh.action.RegisterAction.execute(RegisterAction.java:29)
        sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:452)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeActionOnly(DefaultActionInvocation.java:291)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:254)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.doIntercept(DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.java:176)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(ValidationInterceptor.java:263)
        org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(AnnotationValidationInterceptor.java:68)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ConversionErrorInterceptor.intercept(ConversionErrorInterceptor.java:138)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.StaticParametersInterceptor.intercept(StaticParametersInterceptor.java:190)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        org.apache.struts2.interceptor.MultiselectInterceptor.intercept(MultiselectInterceptor.java:75)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CheckboxInterceptor.intercept(CheckboxInterceptor.java:94)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        org.apache.struts2.interceptor.FileUploadInterceptor.intercept(FileUploadInterceptor.java:243)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ModelDrivenInterceptor.java:100)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.java:141)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        org.apache.struts2.interceptor.debugging.DebuggingInterceptor.intercept(DebuggingInterceptor.java:270)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ChainingInterceptor.intercept(ChainingInterceptor.java:145)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.PrepareInterceptor.doIntercept(PrepareInterceptor.java:171)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.I18nInterceptor.intercept(I18nInterceptor.java:176)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletConfigInterceptor.intercept(ServletConfigInterceptor.java:164)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor.intercept(AliasInterceptor.java:190)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExceptionMappingInterceptor.intercept(ExceptionMappingInterceptor.java:187)
        com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
        org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.execute(StrutsActionProxy.java:52)
        org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:498)
        org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77)
        org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:91)

   
   

创建Struts项目

创建工程

1. 在Eclipse中创建一个Dynamic Web Project，本文项目名称为SSHProject。
2. 把Struts内apps文件夹下的struts2-blank war包用压缩工具解压，然后把WEB-INF/lib内的jar包和WEB-INF下的web.xml文件分别复制到SSHProject项目下的WEB-INF/lib内和WEB-INF下。
3. 在src目录下创建相应package。
4. 在WebContent下创建Register.jsp文件，并分别创建注册成功和注册失败的Success.jsp和Fail.jsp。
   

操作完成后的结构如图所示：

编写代码

• web.xml的内容。

 xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <web-app id="WebApp_9" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

     <display-name>SSH Projectdisplay-name>

     <filter>
         <filter-name>SSHfilter-name>
         <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilterfilter-class>
     filter>

     <filter-mapping>
         <filter-name>SSHfilter-name>
         <url-pattern>/*url-pattern>
     filter-mapping>

     <welcome-file-list>
         <welcome-file>index.htmlwelcome-file>
     welcome-file-list>

 web-app>

• Register.jsp的内容。

 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
 >
 <html>
 <head>
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
 <title>User Register Pagetitle>
 head>
 <body>

     <s:form action="register">
         <s:textfield name="user.username" label="用户名">s:textfield>
         <s:password name="user.password" label="密码">s:password>
         <s:select list="#{'1':'男','0':'女'}" listKey="key" listValue="value"
             name="user.gender" label="性别" value="1">s:select>
         <s:submit value="注册">s:submit>
     s:form>

 body>
 html>

• 用户表单类UserForm.java的内容。

 package com.ynwi.ssh.beans;

 public class UserForm {

     private String username;
     private String password;
     private int gender;

     public String getUsername() {
         return username;
     }

     public void setUsername(String username) {
         this.username = username;
     }

     public String getPassword() {
         return password;
     }

     public void setPassword(String password) {
         this.password = password;
     }

     public int getGender() {
         return gender;
     }

     public void setGender(int gender) {
         this.gender = gender;
     }

 }

• 注册Action类RegisterAction.java的内容。

 package com.ynwi.ssh.action;

 import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
 import com.ynwi.ssh.beans.UserForm;
 import com.ynwi.ssh.service.UserManager;
 import com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl.UserManagerImpl;

 public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {

     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

     private UserForm user;

     private UserManager userManager;

     public UserForm getUser() {
         return user;
     }

     public void setUser(UserForm user) {
         this.user = user;
     }

     public UserManager getUserManager() {
         return userManager;
     }

     public void setUserManager(UserManager userManager) {
         this.userManager = userManager;
     }

     public String execute() {
         try {
             this.setUserManager(new UserManagerImpl());
             userManager.regUser(user);
             return SUCCESS;

         } catch (Exception e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
             return ERROR;
         }
     }

 }

• 验证文件RegisterAction-validation.xml的内容。该xml文件为RegisterAction的验证文件，命名格式固定，为< ActionName >-validation.xml。

 xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>

     "http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">

 <validators>

     <field name="user.username">
         <field-validator type="requiredstring">
             <param name="trim">trueparam>
             <message>用户名不能为空message>
         field-validator>
         <field-validator type="regex">
             <param name="expression">param>
             <message>用户名输入不合法，必须为长度在6~16中间的数字或字母message>
         field-validator>
     field>


     <field name="user.password">
         <field-validator type="requiredstring">
             <param name="trim">trueparam>
             <message>密码不能为空message>
         field-validator>
         <field-validator type="regex">
             <param name="expression">param>
             <message>密码输入不合法，必须为长度在6~16之间的数字或者字母message>
         field-validator>
     field>
 validators>

• 业务逻辑接口UserManaer.java的内容。

 package com.ynwi.ssh.service;

 import com.ynwi.ssh.beans.UserForm;

 public interface UserManager {

     public void regUser(UserForm user);

 }

• 业务逻辑实现类UserManagerImpl.java的内容

 package com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl;

 import com.ynwi.ssh.beans.UserForm;
 import com.ynwi.ssh.service.UserManager;

 public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {

     @Override
     public void regUser(UserForm user) {

     }

 }

• 配置文件struts.xml的内容。

 xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

     "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
     "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

 <struts>

     <include file="struts-default.xml" />
     <package name="ynwi" extends="struts-default">
         <action name="register" class="com.ynwi.ssh.action.RegisterAction">
             <result name="input">/Register.jspresult>
             <result name="success">/Success.jspresult>
             <result name="error">/Fail.jspresult>
         action>
     package>

 struts>

Success.jsp和Fail.jsp仅仅只是一句提示注册成功和失败的话，这里就不在列出。

运行效果

• 输入访问Register.jsp的地址http://localhost:9090/SSHProject/Register.jsp后。

• 输入用户名和密码不合法时。

• 注册成功时。

在Struts基础上整合Hibernate

整合Hibernate

1. 将Hibernate内的lib/required下的jar包和lib/jpa下的jar包复制到SSHProject项目的lib目录下。
2. 在上面Struts项目的基础上添加com.ynwi.ssh.dao和com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl包。分别创建BaseDao接口和UserDao类。
   
3. 在数据库中创建对应的表user来写入要注册的用户。创建表的脚本见前言说明部分。
4. 创建user表的Hibernate映射文件。因为这里要创建user表对应的POJO类，所以我这里把之前com.ynwi.ssh.beans包改成com.ynwi.ssh.forms包，用来存放页面传过来的表单数据，新创建com.ynwi.ssh.beans包，用来创建POJO对象来对应数据库中的表。路径：POJO类同目录。
   
5. 建立Hibernate配置文件。路径：src目录下。
   
6. 编写Session工厂类。整合Spring后，数据源的创建和SessionFactory的创建都交给Spring去管理，就无需这个工厂类了，所以这里我临时创建在daoImpl包里面。
   
7. 修改业务逻辑实现类。

操作完成后的结构如图所示：

编写代码

• 接口类BaseDao.java的内容。注意：接口里的两个get/set方法是为了让实现类覆盖。这样使用BaseDao dao = new UserDao()的时候，dao实体中有这两个方法。
  

 package com.ynwi.ssh.dao;

 import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
 import org.hibernate.Session;

 public interface BaseDao {

     public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException;

     public Session getSession();

     public void setSession(Session session);
 }

• 实现类UserDao.java的内容。

 package com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl;

 import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
 import org.hibernate.Session;

 import com.ynwi.ssh.dao.BaseDao;

 public class UserDao implements BaseDao {

     private Session session;

     @Override
     public Session getSession() {
         return session;
     }

     @Override
     public void setSession(Session session) {
         this.session = session;
     }

     @Override
     public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException {
         session.save(obj);
     }

 }

• 表user的POJO类User.java的内容，因为跟UserForm.java内容差不多，所以不再列出。这个比UserForm.java多一个userId属性，因为在表user里面有userId的column。在POJO类里需要跟这个column有映射。

• POJO类User.java的Hibernate映射文件User.hbm.xml的内容。代码说明将根据本地数据库的设置来创建userId，如MySQL中将表user的userId设置为自动增长，则在保存记录是，userId将自动增长。对于需要在程序中指定主键的值，则将generator的class属性设置为assigned。

 xml version="1.0" encoding='UTF-8'?>

                             "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
                             "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >

 <hibernate-mapping package="com.ynwi.ssh.beans">
     <class name="User" table="user">
         <id name="userId" column="userId">
             <generator class="native">generator>
         id>
         <property name="username" column="userName" type="java.lang.String"
             not-null="true" length="16">property>
         <property name="password" column="password" type="java.lang.String"
             not-null="true" length="16" />
         <property name="gender" column="gender" type="java.lang.Integer" length="1" />
     class>
 hibernate-mapping>

• Hibernate配置文件Hibernate.cfg.xml的内容。

 xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>

 "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
 "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

 <hibernate-configuration>
   <session-factory>

     <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driverproperty>
     <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/projectproperty>
     <property name="connection.username">rootproperty>
     <property name="connection.password">rootproperty>





     <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialectproperty>








     <property name="show_sql">trueproperty>



     <mapping resource="com/ynwi/ssh/beans/User.hbm.xml"/>
   session-factory>
 hibernate-configuration>

• 工厂类SessionFactory的内容。（这是使用Hibernate4时候的SessionFactory，Hibernate3时候sessionFactory的创建估计会不一样，请自行查阅。）

 package com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl;

 import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
 import org.hibernate.Session;
 import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
 import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
 import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
 import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;

 public class HibernateSessionFactory {

     private static final String CFG_FILE_LOCATION = "/Hibernate.cfg.xml";

     private static final ThreadLocal threadLocal = new ThreadLocal();

     private static final Configuration cfg = new Configuration()
             .configure(CFG_FILE_LOCATION);

     private static ServiceRegistryBuilder builder = new ServiceRegistryBuilder()
             .applySettings(cfg.getProperties());

     private static ServiceRegistry registry;

     private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;

     public static Session currentSession() throws HibernateException {
         Session session = threadLocal.get();

         if (session == null || session.isOpen() == false) {

             if (sessionFactory == null) {
                 try {
                     registry = builder.buildServiceRegistry();
                     sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory(registry);
                 } catch (Exception e) {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                 }
             }

             session = sessionFactory.openSession();
             threadLocal.set(session);

         }

         return session;
     }

     public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException {
         Session session = threadLocal.get();
         threadLocal.set(null);
         if (session != null) {
             session.close();
         }
     }

 }

• 修改后的业务逻辑实现类的内容。

 package com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl;

 import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
 import org.hibernate.Session;
 import org.hibernate.Transaction;

 import com.ynwi.ssh.beans.User;
 import com.ynwi.ssh.dao.BaseDao;
 import com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl.HibernateSessionFactory;
 import com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl.UserDao;
 import com.ynwi.ssh.forms.UserForm;
 import com.ynwi.ssh.service.UserManager;

 public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {

     private BaseDao dao;

     private Session session;

     public UserManagerImpl() {
         dao = new UserDao();
     }

     @Override
     public void regUser(UserForm userForm) throws HibernateException {
         session = HibernateSessionFactory.currentSession();
         dao.setSession(session);
         // 获取事务
         Transaction ts = session.beginTransaction();
         // 构造User对象
         User user = new User();
         user.setUsername(userForm.getUsername());
         user.setPassword(userForm.getPassword());
         user.setGender(userForm.getGender());
         // 保存User对象
         dao.saveObject(user);
         // 提交事务
         ts.commit();
         // 关闭Session
         HibernateSessionFactory.closeSession();
     }

 }

运行效果

• 输入访问Register.jsp的地址http://localhost:9090/SSHProject/Register.jsp后。

• 点击注册前后数据库里面的数据。

在Struts + Hibernate项目中整合Spring

整合Spring

1. 将Spring内libs目录下包含所有的jar包（不需要复制结尾为sources和javadoc的jar包）到SSHProject项目的lib目录下。
   
2. 编写Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml。路径：src目录下，需要在web.xml配置context-param指定路径，或者把该文件放在WEB-INF下，跟web.xml同目录。这里由于Spring配置数据源的需要，需要把Hibernate内lib/optional/c3p0下的c3p0-0.9.1.jar复制到lib不目下。
   
3. 修改BaseDao和UserDao。在引入Spring后，需要用Spring进行统一的事务管理，数据源和sessionFactory都交给Spring去生成，因此接口类和实现类BaseDao和UserDao都需要做相应的修改。Spring提供了HibernateDaoSupport类来完成对数据的操作，因此UserDao在实现BaseDao的同时还需要继承HibernateDaoSupport类。并将先前session的操作修改成HibernateTemplate（可通过getHibernateTemplate（）方法来获得）的操作。
   
4. 修改业务逻辑实现类。在没有加入Spring之前，业务逻辑实现类的Session的获得，dao的实例化，以及事务的管理都是该类执行管理的。加入Spring后，这些都交给Spring去管理。该类的dao的实例化由Spring注入。
   
5. 修改用户注册的RegisterAction类。同样，RegisterAction类中的userManager的实例化也由Spring注入。
   
6. 删除Hibernate的配置文件Hibernate.cfg.xml和工厂类HibernateSesseionFactory类。他们的工作已经交给Spring去做，已经不再有用。
   
7. 修改web.xml，加载Spring。要想启动时加载Spring的配置文件，需要在web.xml中配置对应的监听器（listenser），并制定Spring的配置文件。
   
8. 修改Struts的配置文件struts.xml。把原来指定的名为register的action的class由原来的路径变为applicationContext.xml文件中该Action的id。
   

操作完成后的结构如图所示：

编写代码

• Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml的内容。

 xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">


     <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
         destroy-method="close">
         <property name="driverClass">
             <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Drivervalue>
         property>
         <property name="jdbcUrl">
             <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost/projectvalue>
         property>
         <property name="user">
             <value>rootvalue>
         property>
         <property name="password">
             <value>rootvalue>
         property>
         <property name="maxPoolSize">
             <value>80value>
         property>
         <property name="minPoolSize">
             <value>1value>
         property>
         <property name="initialPoolSize">
             <value>1value>
         property>
         <property name="maxIdleTime">
             <value>20value>
         property>
     bean>




     <bean id="sessionFactory"
         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
         <property name="dataSource">
             <ref local="dataSource" />
         property>
         <property name="mappingResources">
             <list>
                 <value>com/ynwi/ssh/beans/User.hbm.xmlvalue>
             list>
         property>
         <property name="hibernateProperties">
             <props>
                 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialectprop>
                 <prop key="show_sql">trueprop>
                 <prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">20prop>
             props>
         property>
     bean>

     <bean id="transactionManager"
         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
     bean>

     <bean id="baseDao" class="com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl.UserDao">
         <property name="sessionFactory">
             <ref bean="sessionFactory" />
         property>
     bean>


     <bean id="userManager" class="com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl.UserManagerImpl">
         <property name="dao">
             <ref bean="baseDao" />
         property>
     bean>


     <bean id="regAction" class="com.ynwi.ssh.action.RegisterAction">
         <property name="userManager">
             <ref bean="userManager" />
         property>
     bean>



 beans>

• 修改后的接口类Dao和实现类UserDao的内容。

BaseDao.java

 package com.ynwi.ssh.dao;

 import org.hibernate.HibernateException;

 public interface BaseDao {

     public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException;

 }

UserDao.java

 package com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl;

 import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
 import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;

 import com.ynwi.ssh.dao.BaseDao;

 public class UserDao extends HibernateDaoSupport implements BaseDao {

     @Override
     public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException {
         getHibernateTemplate().save(obj);
     }

 }

• 修改后的业务逻辑实现类UserManagerImpl的内容。

 package com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl;

 import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
 import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;

 import com.ynwi.ssh.beans.User;
 import com.ynwi.ssh.dao.BaseDao;
 import com.ynwi.ssh.forms.UserForm;
 import com.ynwi.ssh.service.UserManager;

 public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {

     private BaseDao dao;

     public void setDao(BaseDao dao) {
         this.dao = dao;
     }

     @Override
     public void regUser(UserForm userForm) throws HibernateException {
         User user = new User();
         BeanUtils.copyProperties(userForm, user);
         dao.saveObject(user);
     }

 }

• 修改后的用户注册Action类RegisterAction的内容。

 package com.ynwi.ssh.action;

 import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
 import com.ynwi.ssh.forms.UserForm;
 import com.ynwi.ssh.service.UserManager;

 public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {

     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

     private UserForm user;

     private UserManager userManager;

     public UserForm getUser() {
         return user;
     }

     public void setUser(UserForm user) {
         this.user = user;
     }

     public void setUserManager(UserManager userManager) {
         this.userManager = userManager;
     }

     public String execute() {
         try {
             userManager.regUser(user);
             return SUCCESS;

         } catch (Exception e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
             return ERROR;
         }
     }

 }

• 修改后的web.xml的内容。

 xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <web-app id="WebApp_9" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

     <display-name>SSH Projectdisplay-name>

     <filter>
         <filter-name>SSHfilter-name>
         <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilterfilter-class>
     filter>

     <filter-mapping>
         <filter-name>SSHfilter-name>
         <url-pattern>/*url-pattern>
     filter-mapping>

     <listener>
         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListenerlistener-class>
     listener>

     <welcome-file-list>
         <welcome-file>index.htmlwelcome-file>
     welcome-file-list>

 web-app>

• 修改后的Struts配置文件struts.xml的内容。

 xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

     "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
     "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

 <struts>

     <include file="struts-default.xml" />
     <package name="ynwi" extends="struts-default">
         <action name="register" class="regAction">
             <result name="input">/Register.jspresult>
             <result name="success">/Success.jspresult>
             <result name="error">/Fail.jspresult>
         action>
     package>

 struts>

运行结果

• 输入访问Register.jsp的地址http://localhost:9090/SSHProject/Register.jsp后。

• 点击注册前后数据库里面的数据。

总结

唠叨

本来想创建Struts2 + Spring3 + Hibernate4的项目，结果行动之后才发现版本之间不兼容的现象挺严重（我自己是这么认为的，如果有大神看出来是我开发中出的问题导致麻烦告知下），不得不把Hibernate4换成Hibernate3。因为中间换框架，所以导致此博文中整合hibernate部分是否会报错，不过最终的项目是可以执行的。我会把项目打包上传到csdn资源上。可以点击这里下载。

如何快速开发SSH框架项目

1. 创建Dynamic Web Project并且导入jar包。
   
2. 我习惯上把classes文件夹由build文件夹内转移到WEB-INF下。在项目上右键Build Path——〉Configure Build Path。设置Default output folder。
3. 在WEB_INF下面创建web.xml并配置Struts的Filter和Spring的Listener。
4. 在WEB-INF下面创建applicationContext.xml并配置数据源，sessionFactory，Transaction以及各Beans信息。
5. 在src目录下创建struts.xml用来配置action信息，模板可以从Struts空项目里面拿。这里的action对应的class应该为applicationContext.xml内对应的class的bean的id。