http://git.oschina.net/wangkang_daydayup/swagger-doc 这是一个完全利用spring boot开发的项目,拯救了springfox-swagger污染代码的问题,完全利用java-doc来实现,学习成本几乎是0
在Spring的代码中随处可见的@EnableAutoConfiguration
、@EnableWebMvc
、@EnableTransactionManagement
这些注解,通过使用这些注解来开启某项功能,下面的
例子就是来讲解如何定义自己的@EnableXXX
官方介绍:If you work in a company that develops shared libraries, or if you work on an open-source or commercial library, you might want to develop your own auto-configuration. Auto-configuration classes can be bundled in external jars and still be picked-up by Spring Boot.
Auto-configuration can be associated to a “starter” that provides the auto-configuration code as well as the typical libraries that you would use with it. We will first cover what you need to know to build your own auto-configuration and we will move on to the typical steps required to create a custom starter.
大概意思是这样的:如果你在一个开发共享库的公司,或者是你想开发自己的auto-configuration,也就是说为spring boot开发一些自动配置的模块的时候,这个时候就需要用到这个技术,
完全可以通过一个注解或者引入一个jar包就开启这个功能
下面是pom的配置 主要核心配置是spring-boot-configuration-processor
,这个是用来对注解进行处理的,官方解释是
You can easily generate your own configuration meta-data file from items annotated with @ConfigurationProperties
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
<version>1.5.4.RELEASEversion>
parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<artifactId>springboot-11artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processorartifactId>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>
dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
<version>1.5.4.RELEASEversion>
<configuration>
<fork>truefork>
configuration>
plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-pluginartifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8source>
<target>1.8target>
configuration>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
project>
@EnableDemo
是自己定义的一个注解,用来启用DemoConfig
这个类当中的内容,其实原理跟扫描或者是配置xml是差不多的
@Retention(value = java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(value = { java.lang.annotation.ElementType.TYPE })
@Documented
@Import({ DemoConfig.class })
@Configuration
public @interface EnableDemo {
String param() default "";
}
DemoConfig
中仅仅只打印了一个初始化日志当作测试而已 ,同时DemoProperties
也被当做配置注入进来,并且打印出来具体的配置数据
@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties(DemoProperties.class)
public class DemoConfig {
@Autowired
private DemoProperties demoProperties;
Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@PostConstruct
public void init() {
logger.info("######DemoConfig init####### demoProperties is {}", demoProperties.toString());
}
}
这里针对DemoConfig做了一个优化,代码如下所示
@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties(DemoProperties.class)
public class DemoConfig implements ImportAware, BeanClassLoaderAware {
@Autowired
private DemoProperties demoProperties;
Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
private ClassLoader classLoader;
private String param;
@PostConstruct
public void init() {
logger.info("######DemoConfig init####### param is {} demoProperties is {}", param, demoProperties.toString());
}
@Override
public void setImportMetadata(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
Map enableAttrMap = annotationMetadata.getAnnotationAttributes(EnableDemo.class.getName());
AnnotationAttributes enableAttrs = AnnotationAttributes.fromMap(enableAttrMap);
if (enableAttrs == null) {
// search parent classes
Class> currentClass = ClassUtils.resolveClassName(annotationMetadata.getClassName(), classLoader);
for (Class> classToInspect = currentClass; classToInspect != null; classToInspect = classToInspect
.getSuperclass()) {
EnableDemo enableDemo = AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(classToInspect, EnableDemo.class);
if (enableDemo == null) {
continue;
}
enableAttrMap = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotationAttributes(enableDemo);
enableAttrs = AnnotationAttributes.fromMap(enableAttrMap);
}
}
this.param = enableAttrs.getString("param");
}
@Override
public void setBeanClassLoader(ClassLoader classLoader) {
this.classLoader = classLoader;
}
}
上面流程大概是实现了ImportAware接口,也就是注解被解析完之后的一个回调,然后通过这个回调拿到具体的参数而已
大概流程基本都完成了,这样就能够完成一个简单的@EnableDemo
配置
在spring boot中如果使用application.yaml
进行项目配置,会产生一个自动提示,这个自动提示可以自己定义开发的
之前上面代码中有个DemoProperties
,现在可以继续看看,首先是@ConfigurationProperties
这个注解,通过prefix来配置前缀,假设我们配置的前缀是springboot.demo
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "springboot.demo")
public class DemoProperties {
private String name;
private String select;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSelect() {
return select;
}
public void setSelect(String select) {
this.select = select;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "DemoProperties{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", select='" + select + '\'' + '}';
}
}
如果想让上述的配置在application.yaml
进行自动提示,需要进行两步,第一步是确保maven中有processor
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processorartifactId>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
第二步需要对idea
编辑器进行配置Preferences->Build, Execution, Deployment->Compile->Annotation Processors->Enable annonation processing
钩上这个选项,这样的话就会自动在target/classes/META-INF中生成spring-configuration-metadata.json
文件
下面是效果图
总体代码在
http://git.oschina.net/wangkang_daydayup/SpringBoot-Learn/tree/master/springboot-11
简单的说一下spring.factories
这个主要是提供了一个功能,就是自动配置,不需要使用@EnableXXX来开启,也就是说只要你用了springboot,并且依赖了一个jar包,这个jar包就会自动进行初始化
那么这个过程就是使用了spring.factories
这个文件配置
# Auto Configure
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
com.start.config.AudoDemoConfig
下面的com.start.config.AudoDemoConfig
就是自己定义的config,springboot启动的时候就会自动扫描,具体使用可以查看下面这个项目中的com.start.config.AudoDemoConfig
http://git.oschina.net/wangkang_daydayup/SpringBoot-Learn/tree/master/springboot-11
如果仔细看target/classes/META-INF中,你就会发现有那么一个文件的存在spring-configuration-metadata.json
,这个就是整个application.yaml
提示的配置,他是自动生成的
{
"hints": [],
"groups": [
{
"sourceType": "com.start.config.DemoProperties",
"name": "springboot.demo",
"type": "com.start.config.DemoProperties"
}
],
"properties": [
{
"sourceType": "com.start.config.DemoProperties",
"name": "springboot.demo.name",
"type": "java.lang.String"
},
{
"sourceType": "com.start.config.DemoProperties",
"name": "springboot.demo.select",
"type": "java.lang.String"
}
]
}
具体的英文文档可以查看http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/configuration-metadata.html#configuration-metadata-annotation-processor
这个json文件主要分为三个部分,首先是group,group代表一个类,比如DemoProperties,一个项目中存在多个group,而propertis代表是类里面的属性通过sourceType
来确定是那一个类的
然后是hints,语意上来说就是提示
具体项目中的使用,可以通过在resources/META-INF 中放入spring-configuration-metadata.json
文件,文件内容如下
{
"hints": [
{
"name": "springboot.demo.select",
"values": [
{
"value": "1",
"description": "1的描述"
},
{
"value": "2",
"description": "2的描述"
}
]
}
],
"groups": [
{
"sourceType": "com.start.config.DemoProperties",
"name": "springboot.demo",
"type": "com.start.config.DemoProperties"
}
],
"properties": [
{
"sourceType": "com.start.config.DemoProperties",
"name": "springboot.demo.name",
"type": "java.lang.String"
},
{
"sourceType": "com.start.config.DemoProperties",
"name": "springboot.demo.select",
"type": "java.lang.String"
}
]
}
效果图