ES基础入门基本查询语句

最近由于项目中使用ES，对照《Elasticsearch: 权威指南》进行学习，将一些知识进行整理总结。

##插入一条记录
PUT /megacorp/employee/1
{
    "first_name" : "John",
    "last_name" :  "Smith",
    "age" :        25,
    "about" :      "I love to go rock climbing",
    "interests": [ "sports", "music" ]
}

PUT /megacorp/employee/2
{
    "first_name" :  "Jane",
    "last_name" :   "Smith",
    "age" :         32,
    "about" :       "I like to collect rock albums",
    "interests":  [ "music" ]
}

PUT /megacorp/employee/3
{
    "first_name" :  "Douglas",
    "last_name" :   "Fir",
    "age" :         35,
    "about":        "I like to build cabinets",
    "interests":  [ "forestry" ]
}

##根据ID查询
GET megacorp/employee/1

##查询全部数据
GET megacorp/employee/_search

##查询last_name为Smith的记录（使用query-string）
GET /megacorp/employee/_search?q=last_name:Smith

##查询last_name为Smith的记录（使用DSL）
GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
    "query" : {
        "match" : {
            "last_name" : "Smith"
        }
    }
}

##查询加过滤
GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
    "query" : {
        "bool": {
            "must": {
                "match" : {
                    "last_name" : "smith" 
                }
            },
            "filter": {
                "range" : {
                    "age" : { "gt" : 30 } 
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

##全文检索
GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
    "query" : {
        "match" : {
            "about" : "rock climbing"
        }
    }
}

##全文检索加高亮
GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_phrase": {
      "about": "rock climbing"
    }
  },
  "highlight": {
    "fields": {
      "about": {}
    }
  }
}

##聚合操作
PUT megacorp/_mapping/employee/
{
  "properties": {
    "interests": { 
      "type":     "text",
      "fielddata": true
    }
  }
}

GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
  "aggs": {
    "all_interests": {
      "terms": { "field": "interests" }
    }
  }
}