表达式求值

3+2*3

4+5*(6-7)

3*(2*(5-3)+1)/2+8-9*(8-1)

算数表达式,比如: a*(b+c)/d+e

如果求值?

一般的过程是分两步,

一、将中缀式-》后缀式。

算法过程是: 

栈底放‘#’,从左至右逐字读取中缀式:

  a.当当前字符为数字时,直接输出;
b.当当前字符为"("时,将其压栈;
c.当当前字符为")"时,则弹出堆栈中最上的"("之前的所有运算符并输出,然后删除堆栈中的"(" ;
d.当当前字符为运算符时,则依次弹出堆栈中优先级大于等于当前运算符的,输出,再将当前运算符压栈;
e.当为"#"时,弹出所有栈中的内容输出

中缀式:a*(b+c)/d+e

后缀式:abc+*d/e+

代码实现:

import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Stack;

public class Poland {
    
    public boolean isOpr(char c){
        if(c=='+'||c=='-'||c=='*'||c=='/'){
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    public int getOprValue(char c){
        if(c=='*'||c=='/'){
            return 3;
        } else if(c=='+'||c=='-'){
            return 2;
        } else if(c=='#'){
            return 0;
        } else if(c=='('){
            return 1;
        } else {
            return 0;
        }
    }
    public String convert(String infixExpression){
        Stack stack=new Stack();
        String postfixExpression="";
        stack.push('#');
        postfixExpression="";
        int i=0;
        int n=infixExpression.length();
        while(!stack.isEmpty()){
            for(;i){
                char mychar=infixExpression.charAt(i);
                if(Character.isWhitespace(mychar)){
                    continue;
                }
                else if(Character.isDigit(mychar)||mychar=='.'){
                    if(i+1<=n-1&&Character.isDigit(infixExpression.charAt(i+1))){
                            postfixExpression+=mychar;
                    } else {
                        postfixExpression+=mychar+" ";
                    }
                } else if(mychar=='('){
                    stack.push(mychar);
                    //System.out.println(Arrays.toString(stack.toArray()));
                } else if(mychar==')'){
                    char c=stack.pop();
                    while(c!='('){
                        postfixExpression+=c+" ";
                        c=stack.pop();
                    }
                    //System.out.println(Arrays.toString(stack.toArray()));
                } else if(isOpr(mychar)){
                    if(mychar=='-'){
                        int j=i-1;
                        if(j<0){
                            postfixExpression+=mychar;
                            continue;
                        }
                        char tc=infixExpression.charAt(j);
                        while(Character.isSpaceChar(tc)){
                            j--;
                            if(j<0)break;
                            tc=infixExpression.charAt(j);
                        }
                        if(j<0||tc=='('||isOpr(tc)){
                            postfixExpression+=mychar;
                            continue;
                        }
                    }
                    char c=stack.pop();
                    if(getOprValue(mychar)<=getOprValue(c))
                    while(getOprValue(mychar)<=getOprValue(c)){
                        postfixExpression+=c+" ";
                        c=stack.pop();
                    }
                    stack.push(c);
                    stack.push(mychar);
                    //System.out.println(Arrays.toString(stack.toArray()));
                }
            }
            char cc=stack.pop();
            if(cc!='#'){
                postfixExpression+=cc+" ";
            }
        }
        return postfixExpression;
    }
    private boolean isOpr2(String opr){
        if(opr.equals("+")||opr.equals("-")||opr.equals("/")||opr.equals("*")){
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    private String doCalculate(String str1, String str2, String opr){
        double a=Double.parseDouble(str1);
        double b=Double.parseDouble(str2);
        double c=0;
        if(opr.equals("+")){
            c=a+b;
        } else if(opr.equals("-")){
            c=b-a;
        } else if(opr.equals("*")){
            c=a*b;
        } else if(opr.equals("/")){
            c=b/a;
        }
        //System.out.println(str2+opr+str1+"=="+c);
        return c+"";
    }
    public void calculate(String postfixExpr){
        Stack stack=new Stack();
        stack.push("#");
        String s[]=postfixExpr.split(" ");
        for(int i=s.length-1;i>=0;i--){
            stack.push(s[i]);
        }
        Stack stack2=new Stack();
        while(!stack.isEmpty()){
            String str=stack.pop();
            if(str.equals("#")){
                break;
            }
            while(!isOpr2(str)){
                stack2.push(str);
                str=stack.pop();
            }
            String str1,str2;
            str1=stack2.pop();
            str2=stack2.pop();
            stack2.push(doCalculate(str1,str2,str));
        }
        System.out.println(stack2.pop());
    }
    public static void main(String args[]){
        Poland po=new Poland();
        Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
        while(sc.hasNext()){
            String str=sc.nextLine();
            String pos="";
            pos=po.convert(str.trim());
            System.out.println(pos);
            po.calculate(pos);
        }
    }
}

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/gaoqichao/archive/2012/08/19/2646454.html

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