Centos 7下Nagios的安装及配置（完整版）

Centos 7下Nagios的安装及配置（完整版）

 

 

简介

Nagios 是一款自动化运维工具，可以协助运维人员监控服务器的运行状况，并且拥有报警功能。本文章将介绍其安装方法和详细的配置方法。

nagios 监控服务应用指南

本地资源：负载，CPU，磁盘，内存。IO，RAID，温度，passwd文件变化，本地所有文件指纹识别

网络服务：端口，URL，丢包，进程，网络流量

其他设备：交换机，打印机，windows等。

业务数据：用户登录失败次数，用户登录网站次数，输入验证码失败的次数，某个API接口流量并发，电商网站订单，支付交易的数量

 

 

 

nagios成员：主程序nagios，插件nagios-plugins，和一些可选的客户端nrpe，NSClient++,NSCA和NDOUtils

 

 

 

 

· NRPE--半被动模式

· 存放位置：安装在客户端

· NRPE作用：在客户端执行相关的脚本插件来获取数据，实现对客户端主机资源的监控。

· 存在形式：守护进程(agent)模式，开启的端口5666

· NSClient++：半被动模式，相当于linux系统的nrp

· NDOUtils（不推荐用）

· 存在位置：服务端

· 作用：用于将nagios的配置信息和各event产生的数据存入数据库中，以实现对这些数据的检索和处理。

· NSCA：纯被动模式--->用在分布式监控环境中

· 位置：NSCA需要同时安装在nagios的服务器端和客户端

 

 

 

软件版本

nagios版本：4.3.1

nagios-plugins版本：2.2.1

nrpe版本：3.1.0

 

实现环境

nagios运行在LAMP环境下（如果还没有安装LAMP环境，可以参考下我的安装LNMP文章，因为我已经编译安装了php和Mysql，本文直接采取yum 方式安装apache，当然也可以采取编译方式安装apache。看个人喜好和公司需求）

 

 

Centos版本：CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core) 64位

Apache版本：Apache/2.4.6

Nginx版本: nginx 1.12.0

Mysql版本：mysql 5.7.18

PHP版本：php 7.1.4

下载nagios软件及插件包

下载慢的话可以去我的网盘下载

[root@nagios ~]# cd /software/

[root@nagios software]# wget https://assets.nagios.com/downloads/nagioscore/releases/nagios-4.3.1.tar.gz

[root@nagios software]# wget https://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz

[root@nagios software]# wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-3.x/nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz

[root@nagios software]# ll

-rw-r--r--   1 root  root  11095797 4月  21 15:57 nagios-4.3.1.tar.gz

-rw-r--r--   1 root  root   2728818 4月  20 00:04 nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz

-rw-r--r--   1 root  root    501028 4月  17 22:36 nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz

 

 

安装nagios-server服务端

安装依赖包

[root@nagios software]# yum -y install httpd httpd-devel gcc glibc glibc-common gd gd-devel perl-devel perl-CPAN fcgi perl-FCGI perl-FCGI-ProcManager

解压nagios源码包

[root@nagios software]# tar zxvf nagios-4.3.1.tar.gz 

 

进入解压后的目录

[root@nagios software]# cd nagios-4.3.1/

 

创建ngaios用户和组（把nginx启动用户www加入到nagios相关组）

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# useradd nagios -s /sbin/nologin

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# id www

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# groupadd nagcmd

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# usermod -a -G nagcmd nagios

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# usermod -a -G nagcmd www

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# id -n -G nagios

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# id -n -G www

 

配置nagios

[root@client1 nagios-4.3.1]# ./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd

编译和安装

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# make all

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# make install-init

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# make install-commandmode

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# make install-config

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# make install    

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# cp -R contrib/eventhandlers/ /usr/local/nagios/libexec/

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# chown -R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios/libexec/eventhandlers

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

 

生成apache配置文件

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# make install-webconf

/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 sample-config/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/nagios.conf

if [ 0 -eq 1 ]; then \

    ln -s /etc/httpd/conf.d/nagios.conf /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/nagios.conf; \

fi

 

*** Nagios/Apache conf file installed ***

 

生成nagios web界面的验证信息

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagios

New password:   ==> 输入密码，这里我输入的密码是nagios，记住这个密码

Re-type new password:  ==> 确认密码

Adding password for user nagios

 

修改apache配置文件

vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Listen 80    ===>    修改为    Listen 8080

User apache    ===>    修改为    User www

Group apache    ===>    修改为    Group www

DirectoryIndex index.html    ===>    修改为    DirectoryIndex index.php index.html

AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz    ===>    下面添加一行内容  AddHandler application/x-httpd-php .php

# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so    ===>    下面添加一行内容   

 LoadModule php7_module        modules/libphp7.so

 

apache配置文件参考

[root@nagios httpd]# grep -v '^$' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf|grep -v '#'

ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"

Listen 8080

LoadModule php7_module        modules/libphp7.so

Include conf.modules.d/*.conf

User www

Group www

ServerAdmin root@localhost

    AllowOverride none

    Require all denied

DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"

    AllowOverride None

    Require all granted

    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

    AllowOverride None

    Require all granted

    DirectoryIndex index.php index.html

    Require all denied

ErrorLog "logs/error_log"

LogLevel warn

    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined

    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

    

      LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio

    

    CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined

    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"

    AllowOverride None

    Options None

    Require all granted

    TypesConfig /etc/mime.types

    AddType application/x-compress .Z

    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

    AddHandler application/x-httpd-php .php

    AddType text/html .shtml

    AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml

AddDefaultCharset UTF-8

    MIMEMagicFile conf/magic

EnableSendfile on

IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf

 

重新编译一下php，使其直接apache（也就是编译参数加上--with-apxs2）

[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# cd /software/php-7.1.4/

[root@nagios php-7.1.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=nginx --with-fpm-group=nginx --with-mysqli --with-zlib --with-curl --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-openssl --enable-mbstring --enable-xml --enable-session --enable-ftp --enable-pdo -enable-tokenizer --enable-zip --with-apxs2

[root@nagios php-7.1.4]# make && make install

[root@nagios php-7.1.4]# cd /etc/httpd/

[root@nagios httpd]# ll /etc/httpd/modules/libphp7.so

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 38908880 4月  24 10:34 /etc/httpd/modules/libphp7.so    ===>    可以看到这个模块已经生成

启动apache

[root@nagios httpd]# systemctl start httpd

[root@nagios httpd]# systemctl enable httpd

 

启动nagios

chkconfig nagios on

/etc/init.d/nagios start

 

在浏览器输入ip:8080/nagios测试nagios-web页面是否可以打开

 

 

 

安装nagios-plugins插件

解压nagios-plugins源码包

[root@nagios httpd]# cd /software/

[root@nagios software]# tar zxvf nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz

 

进入解压后的目录进行配置

[root@nagios software]# cd nagios-plugins-2.2.1/

[root@nagios nagios-plugins-2.2.1]# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagcmd --enable-perl-modules

 

编译及安装

[root@nagios nagios-plugins-2.2.1]# make && make install

安装nrpe

解压nrpe源码包

[root@nagios nagios-plugins-2.2.1]# cd /software/

[root@nagios software]# tar zxvf nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz

 

进去解压后的目录进行配置

[root@nagios software]# cd nrpe-3.1.0/

[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# ./configure

 

编译及安装

[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# make all

[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# make install-plugin

[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# make install-daemon

[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# make install-daemon-config

[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# cp sample-config/nrpe.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

 

安装完成后，查看下libexec下面是否有插件

[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/

check_apt       check_flexlm        check_log          check_ntp_peer  check_smtp    disable_active_service_checks

check_breeze    check_fping         check_mailq        check_ntp_time  check_spop    disable_notifications

check_by_ssh    check_ftp           check_mrtg         check_nwstat    check_ssh     distributed-monitoring

check_clamd     check_http          check_mrtgtraf     check_oracle    check_ssmtp   enable_active_service_checks

check_cluster   check_icmp          check_mysql        check_overcr    check_swap    enable_notifications

check_dhcp      check_ide_smart     check_mysql_query  check_ping      check_tcp     eventhandlers

check_dig       check_ifoperstatus  check_nagios       check_pop       check_time    negate

check_disk      check_ifstatus      check_nntp         check_procs     check_udp     redundancy-scenario1

check_disk_smb  check_imap          check_nntps        check_real      check_ups     submit_check_result

check_dns       check_ircd          check_nrpe         check_rpc       check_uptime  urlize

check_dummy     check_jabber        check_nt           check_sensors   check_users   utils.pm

check_file_age  check_load          check_ntp          check_simap     check_wave    utils.sh

 

启动nrpe，并测试服务端本地是否可以连通

[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# echo "/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg" >> /etc/rc.local

[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local           # centos 7下需要这一步， 不然/etc/rc.local中的内容开机可能不执行

[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# netstat -lnput|grep 5666

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5666            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      67176/nrpe          

tcp6       0      0 :::5666                 :::*                    LISTEN      67176/nrpe    

[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost

NRPE v3.1.0-rc1

 

 

 

 

nagios客户端的安装

下载nagios-plugin和nrpe插件

[root@client1 ~]# mkdir /software/

[root@client1 ~]# cd /software/

[root@client1 software]# wget https://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz

[root@client1 software]# wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-3.x/nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz

 

安装nagios-plugin

安装依赖包

[root@client1 software]# yum install perl-devel perl-CPAN -y

 

创建用户

[root@client1 software]# useradd nagios -M -s /sbin/nologin

 

解压nagios-plugin源码包

[root@client1 software]# tar zxvf nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz

 

进入解压后的目录进行配置

[root@client1 software]# cd nagios-plugins-2.2.1/

[root@client1 nagios-plugins-2.2.1]# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-perl-modules

 

编译及安装

[root@client1 nagios-plugins-2.2.1]# make && make install

 

安装nrpe插件

解压nrpe源码包

[root@client1 nagios-plugins-2.2.1]# cd ..

[root@client1 software]# tar zxvf nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz 

 

进入解压后的目录进行配置

[root@client1 software]# cd nrpe-3.1.0/

[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# ./configure

 

编译及安装

[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# make all

[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# make install-plugin

[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# make install-daemon

[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# make install-daemon-config

[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# mkdir /usr/local/nagios/etc/

[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# cp sample-config/nrpe.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

 

安装完成后，查看下libexec下面是否有插件

[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/

check_apt       check_dummy         check_imap         check_nagios    check_overcr   check_ssh     negate

check_breeze    check_file_age      check_ircd         check_nntp      check_ping     check_ssmtp   urlize

check_by_ssh    check_flexlm        check_jabber       check_nntps     check_pop      check_swap    utils.pm

check_clamd     check_fping         check_load         check_nrpe      check_procs    check_tcp     utils.sh

check_cluster   check_ftp           check_log          check_nt        check_real     check_time

check_dhcp      check_http          check_mailq        check_ntp       check_rpc      check_udp

check_dig       check_icmp          check_mrtg         check_ntp_peer  check_sensors  check_ups

check_disk      check_ide_smart     check_mrtgtraf     check_ntp_time  check_simap    check_uptime

check_disk_smb  check_ifoperstatus  check_mysql        check_nwstat    check_smtp     check_users

check_dns       check_ifstatus      check_mysql_query  check_oracle    check_spop     check_wave

 

启动nrpe，并测试服务端本地是否可以连通

[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# echo "/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg" >> /etc/rc.local

[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local           # centos 7下需要这一步， 不然/etc/rc.local中的内容开机可能不执行

[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# netstat -lnput|grep 5666

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5666            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      28296/nrpe          

tcp6       0      0 :::5666                 :::*                    LISTEN      28296/nrpe

[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost

NRPE v3.1.0-rc1

 

修改配置文件

[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/

vi nrpe.cfg

允许服务端IP和本机访问，172.16.0.18是nagios服务端IP地址

allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,::1    ===>    修改为    allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,::1,172.16.0.18 

注释下面几行内容

command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10

command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -r -w .15,.10,.05 -c .30,.25,.20

command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda1

command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z

command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200

在nrpe.cfg文件末尾增加下面几行内容

# my custom monitor items

command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10

command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -r -w .15,.10,.05 -c .30,.25,.20

command[check_disk]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /

command[check_mem]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mem.pl -w 90% -c 95%

command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap -w 20% -c 10%

 

创建一个监控内存的perl脚本

[root@client1 etc]# vi /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mem.pl

添加下面内容

#! /usr/bin/perl -w

#

# $Id: check_mem.pl 8 2008-08-23 08:59:52Z rhomann $

#

# check_mem v1.7 plugin for nagios

#

# uses the output of `free` to find the percentage of memory used

#

# Copyright Notice: GPL

#

# History:

# v1.8 Rouven Homann - [email protected]

# + added findbin patch from Duane Toler

# + added backward compatibility patch from Timour Ezeev

#

# v1.7 Ingo Lantschner - ingo AT boxbe DOT com

# + adapted for systems with no swap (avoiding divison through 0)

#

# v1.6 Cedric Temple - cedric DOT temple AT cedrictemple DOT info

# + add swap monitoring

#       + if warning and critical threshold are 0, exit with OK

#       + add a directive to exclude/include buffers

#

# v1.5 Rouven Homann - [email protected]

# + perfomance tweak with free -mt (just one sub process started instead of 7)

# + more code cleanup

#

# v1.4 Garrett Honeycutt - [email protected]

# + Fixed PerfData output to adhere to standards and show crit/warn values

#

# v1.3 Rouven Homann - [email protected]

#   + Memory installed, used and free displayed in verbose mode

# + Bit Code Cleanup

#

# v1.2 Rouven Homann - [email protected]

# + Bug fixed where verbose output was required (nrpe2)

#       + Bug fixed where perfomance data was not displayed at verbose output

# + FindBin Module used for the nagios plugin path of the utils.pm

#

# v1.1 Rouven Homann - [email protected]

#     + Status Support (-c, -w)

# + Syntax Help Informations (-h)

#       + Version Informations Output (-V)

# + Verbose Output (-v)

#       + Better Error Code Output (as described in plugin guideline)

#

# v1.0 Garrett Honeycutt - [email protected]

#   + Initial Release

#

use strict;

use FindBin;

FindBin::again();

use lib $FindBin::Bin;

use utils qw($TIMEOUT %ERRORS &print_revision &support);

use vars qw($PROGNAME $PROGVER);

use Getopt::Long;

use vars qw($opt_V $opt_h $verbose $opt_w $opt_c);

 

$PROGNAME = "check_mem";

$PROGVER = "1.8";

 

# add a directive to exclude buffers:

my $DONT_INCLUDE_BUFFERS = 0;

 

sub print_help ();

sub print_usage ();

 

Getopt::Long::Configure('bundling');

GetOptions ("V"   => \$opt_V, "version"    => \$opt_V,

  "h"   => \$opt_h, "help"       => \$opt_h,

        "v" => \$verbose, "verbose"  => \$verbose,

  "w=s" => \$opt_w, "warning=s"  => \$opt_w,

  "c=s" => \$opt_c, "critical=s" => \$opt_c);

 

if ($opt_V) {

  print_revision($PROGNAME,'$Revision: '.$PROGVER.' $');

  exit $ERRORS{'UNKNOWN'};

}

 

if ($opt_h) {

  print_help();

  exit $ERRORS{'UNKNOWN'};

}

 

print_usage() unless (($opt_c) && ($opt_w));

 

my ($mem_critical, $swap_critical);

my ($mem_warning, $swap_warning);

($mem_critical, $swap_critical) = ($1,$2) if ($opt_c =~ /([0-9]+)[%]?(?:,([0-9]+)[%]?)?/);

($mem_warning, $swap_warning)   = ($1,$2) if ($opt_w =~ /([0-9]+)[%]?(?:,([0-9]+)[%]?)?/);

 

# Check if swap params were supplied

$swap_critical ||= 100;

$swap_warning  ||= 100;

 

# print threshold in output message

my $mem_threshold_output = " (";

my $swap_threshold_output = " (";

 

if ( $mem_warning > 0 && $mem_critical > 0) {

  $mem_threshold_output .= "W> $mem_warning, C> $mem_critical";

}

elsif ( $mem_warning > 0 ) {

  $mem_threshold_output .= "W> $mem_warning";

}

elsif ( $mem_critical > 0 ) {

  $mem_threshold_output .= "C> $mem_critical";

}

 

if ( $swap_warning > 0 && $swap_critical > 0) {

  $swap_threshold_output .= "W> $swap_warning, C> $swap_critical";

}

elsif ( $swap_warning > 0 ) {

  $swap_threshold_output .= "W> $swap_warning";

}

elsif ( $swap_critical > 0 )  {

  $swap_threshold_output .= "C> $swap_critical";

}

 

$mem_threshold_output .= ")";

$swap_threshold_output .= ")";

 

my $verbose = $verbose;

 

my ($mem_percent, $mem_total, $mem_used, $swap_percent, $swap_total, $swap_used) = &sys_stats();

my $free_mem = $mem_total - $mem_used;

my $free_swap = $swap_total - $swap_used;

 

# set output message

my $output = "Memory Usage".$mem_threshold_output.": ". $mem_percent.'%
';

$output .= "Swap Usage".$swap_threshold_output.": ". $swap_percent.'%';

 

# set verbose output message

my $verbose_output = "Memory Usage:".$mem_threshold_output.": ". $mem_percent.'% '."- Total: $mem_total MB, used: $mem_used MB, free: $free_mem MB
";

$verbose_output .= "Swap Usage:".$swap_threshold_output.": ". $swap_percent.'% '."- Total: $swap_total MB, used: $swap_used MB, free: $free_swap MB
";

 

# set perfdata message

my $perfdata_output = "MemUsed=$mem_percent\%;$mem_warning;$mem_critical";

$perfdata_output .= " SwapUsed=$swap_percent\%;$swap_warning;$swap_critical";

 

 

# if threshold are 0, exit with OK

if ( $mem_warning == 0 ) { $mem_warning = 101 };

if ( $swap_warning == 0 ) { $swap_warning = 101 };

if ( $mem_critical == 0 ) { $mem_critical = 101 };

if ( $swap_critical == 0 ) { $swap_critical = 101 };

 

 

if ($mem_percent>$mem_critical || $swap_percent>$swap_critical) {

    if ($verbose) { print "CRITICAL: ".$verbose_output."|".$perfdata_output."\n";}

    else { print "CRITICAL: ".$output."|".$perfdata_output."\n";}

    exit $ERRORS{'CRITICAL'};

} elsif ($mem_percent>$mem_warning || $swap_percent>$swap_warning) {

    if ($verbose) { print "WARNING: ".$verbose_output."|".$perfdata_output."\n";}

    else { print "WARNING: ".$output."|".$perfdata_output."\n";}

    exit $ERRORS{'WARNING'};

} else {

    if ($verbose) { print "OK: ".$verbose_output."|".$perfdata_output."\n";}

    else { print "OK: ".$output."|".$perfdata_output."\n";}

    exit $ERRORS{'OK'};

}

 

sub sys_stats {

    my @memory = split(" ", `free -mt`);

    my $mem_total = $memory[7];

    my $mem_used;

    if ( $DONT_INCLUDE_BUFFERS) { $mem_used = $memory[15]; }

    else { $mem_used = $memory[8];}

    my $swap_total = $memory[18];

    my $swap_used = $memory[19];

    my $mem_percent = ($mem_used / $mem_total) * 100;

    my $swap_percent;

    if ($swap_total == 0) {

  $swap_percent = 0;

    } else {

  $swap_percent = ($swap_used / $swap_total) * 100;

    }

    return (sprintf("%.0f",$mem_percent),$mem_total,$mem_used, sprintf("%.0f",$swap_percent),$swap_total,$swap_used);

}

 

sub print_usage () {

    print "Usage: $PROGNAME -w -c [-v] [-h]\n";

    exit $ERRORS{'UNKNOWN'} unless ($opt_h);

}

 

sub print_help () {

    print_revision($PROGNAME,'$Revision: '.$PROGVER.' $');

    print "Copyright (c) 2005 Garrett Honeycutt/Rouven Homann/Cedric Temple\n";

    print "\n";

    print_usage();

    print "\n";

    print "-w , = Memory and Swap usage to activate a warning message (eg: -w 90,25 ) .\n";

    print "-c , = Memory and Swap usage to activate a critical message (eg: -c 95,50 ).\n";

    print "-v = Verbose Output.\n";

    print "-h = This screen.\n\n";

    support();

}

 

给脚本增加执行权限

[root@client1 etc]# chmod 755 /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mem.pl

 

重启nrpe服务

# 方法一

[root@client1 etc]# killall nrpe               

[root@client1 etc]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

# 方法二

[root@client1 etc]# kill -HUP `ps -ef|grep nrpe|awk 'NR==1{print $2}'`

 

在本机执行两个命令看下效果

[root@client1 etc]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost -c check_mem

CRITICAL: Memory Usage (W> 10, C> 3): 29%
Swap Usage (W> 100, C> 100): 12%|MemUsed=29%;10;3 SwapUsed=12%;100;100

[root@client1 etc]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost -c check_disk

DISK OK - free space: / 4201 MB (24.15% inode=97%);| /=13192MB;13915;15654;0;17394

 

服务端配置

nrpe连接客户端机器测试是否可以连通，然后执行一个监控命令（如果不通的话可能是因为selinux和防火墙没关闭而造成的）

[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 172.16.0.20

NRPE v3.1.0-rc1

[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 172.16.0.20 -c check_disk

DISK OK - free space: / 4201 MB (24.15% inode=97%);| /=13192MB;13915;15654;0;17394

 

因为nagios默认把全部的权限给nagiosadmin，所以可以通过修改cgi.cfg文件赋予nagios权限，切换到/usr/local/nagios/etc目录下

[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc

[root@nagios etc]# ll

总用量 144

-rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 12999 4月  21 17:00 cgi.cfg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root      45 4月  24 09:28 htpasswd.users

-rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 44831 4月  21 17:00 nagios.cfg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root   10765 4月  24 12:32 nrpe.cfg

drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios   336 4月  21 17:00 objects

-rw-rw---- 1 nagios nagios  1312 4月  21 17:00 resource.cfg

[root@nagios etc]# grep nagiosadmin cgi.cfg

authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin

authorized_for_configuration_information=nagiosadmin

authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin

authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin

authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin

authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin

authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin

[root@nagios etc]# sed -i 's/nagiosadmin/nagiosadmin,nagios/g' cgi.cfg

[root@nagios etc]# grep nagiosadmin cgi.cfg

authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin,nagios

authorized_for_configuration_information=nagiosadmin,nagios

authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin,nagios

authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin,nagios

authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin,nagios

authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin,nagios

authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin,nagios

 

修改nagios.cfg（自定义一些配置）

[root@nagios etc]# vi nagios.cfg +34

#注释掉下面这行

#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg

#添加下面两行内容

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg

 

创建hosts.cfg和services.cfg这两个文件

[root@nagios etc]# cd objects/

[root@nagios objects]# pwd

/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects

[root@nagios objects]# touch services.cfg

[root@nagios objects]# head -51 localhost.cfg  > hosts.cfg

[root@nagios objects]# chown -R nagios.nagios *

 

修改nagios检查语法脚本

[root@nagios objects]# vim /etc/init.d/nagios +181

#check_config

$NagiosBin -v $NagiosCfgFile;

 

vi commands.cfg 进入后按shift+g切到结尾加入下面内容。

# 'check_nrpe' command definition

define command{

        command_name    check_nrpe

        command_line    $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$

        }

 

# 'check_ping' command definition

define command{

        command_name    check-ping

        command_line    $USER1$/check_ping -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -w 100.0,20% -c 200.0,50% -p 3 -t 2

        }

 

# 'check_http' command definition

define command{

        command_name    check-weburl

        command_line    $USER1$/check_http -H $HOSTADDRESS$ $ARG1$ -w 5 -c 10

        }

 

# 'check_tcp' command definition

define command{

        command_name    check-tcp

        command_line    $USER1$/check_tcp -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -p $ARG1$ -w 0.02 -c 0.1

        }

 

查看有哪些cfg文件

[root@nagios objects]# pwd

/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects

[root@nagios objects]# ll

总用量 100

-rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios  7860 4月  24 16:53 commands.cfg

-rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios  2138 4月  21 17:00 contacts.cfg

-rw-r--r-- 1 nagios nagios  1843 4月  24 16:46 hosts.cfg

-rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios  5379 4月  21 17:00 localhost.cfg

-rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios  3070 4月  21 17:00 printer.cfg

-rw-r--r-- 1 nagios nagios     0 4月  24 16:46 services.cfg

-rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios  3252 4月  21 17:00 switch.cfg

-rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 10595 4月  21 17:00 templates.cfg

-rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios  3180 4月  21 17:00 timeperiods.cfg

-rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios  3991 4月  21 17:00 windows.cfg

 

常用对象介绍

· 联系人

· contact

· 出了问题像谁报告?一般当然是系统管理员了

 

 

 

 

 

· 监控时间段

· timeperiod

· 7X24小时不间断还是周一至周五,或是自定义的其他时间段

 

 

 

 

 

· 被监控主机

· host

· 所需要监控的服务器,当然可以是监控机自己

 

 

 

 

 

· 监控命令

· command

· nagios发出的哪个指令来执行某个监控,这也是自己定义的

 

 

 

 

 

· 被监控的服务

· service

· 例如主机是否存活,80端口是否开,磁盘使用情况或者自定义的服务等

 

 

 

contacts.cfg文件介绍

· service_notification_period     24x7

· 服务出了状况通知的时间段,这个时间段就是上面在timeperiods.cfg中定义的.

 

 

 

· host_notification_period        24x7

· 主机出了状况通知的时间段, 这个时间段就是上面在timeperiods.cfg中定义的

 

 

· service_notification_options    w,u,c,r

· 当服务出现w—报警(warning),u—未知(unkown),c—严重(critical),或者r—从异常情况恢复正常,在这四种情况下通知联系人.

 

 

 

· host_notification_options       d,u,r

· 当主机出现d—当机(down),u—返回不可达(unreachable),r—从异常情况恢复正常,在这3种情况下通知联系人

 

 

· service_notification_commands   notify- service -by-email

· 服务出问题通知采用的命令notify-by-email,这个命令是在commands.cfg中定义的,作用是给联系人发邮件.至于commands.cfg之后将专门介绍

 

 

· host_notification_commands      host-notify-by-email notify- host--by-email

· 同上,主机出问题时采用的也是发邮件的方式通知联系人

 

 

· email                           [email protected]

· 很明显,联系的人email地址

 

 

 

· pager                           1338757xxxx

联系人的手机,如果支持短信的通知的话,这个就很有用了.

 

 

 

· alias是联系人别名,address是地址 .

 

 

 

contactgroups.cfg文件介绍

 

 

 

 

define contactgroup{

contactgroup_name               组名  //联系人组的名称

alias                   别名        //别名

members                 用户名  //组的成员,来自于上面定义的contacts.cfg,如果有多个联系人则以逗号相隔

}

 

 

主机模板介绍（hosts.cfg）

> ```# host

define host{

       host_name                       主机名  //被监控主机的名称,最好别带空格nagios-server

       alias                           别名

       address                         IP  //被监控主机的IP地址

       check_command                   check-host-alive  //监控的命令check-host-alive,这个命令来自commands.cfg,用来监控主机是否存活

       max_check_attempts              5  //检查失败后重试的次数

       check_period                    24x7  //检查的时间段24x7,同样来自于我们之前在    timeperiods.cfg中定义的

       contact_groups                  组名  //联系人组,上面在contactgroups.cfg中定义的组名

       notification_interval           10  //提醒的间隔,每隔10秒提醒一次

       notification_period             24x7  //提醒的周期, 24x7,同样来自于我们之前在timeperiods.cfg中定义的

       notification_options            d,u,r  //指定什么情况下提醒,具体含义见之前contacts.cfg部分的介绍

       }

 

主机组模板介绍（hosts.cfg）

 

define hostgroup{

hostgroup_name          主机组名

alias                   别名

members                 主机名  //组的成员主机,多个主机以逗号相隔,必须是上面hosts.cfg中定义的

}

 

 

服务模板介绍（services.cfg）

> ```# service definition

define service{

       host_name               主机名  //被监控的主机,hosts.cfg中定义的

       service_description     check-host-alive  //这个监控项目的描述(也可以说是这个项目的名称),可以空格,我们这里定义的是监控这个主机是不是存活

       check_command           check-host-alive  //所用的命令,是commands.cfg中定义的

       max_check_attempts      5

       normal_check_interval   3

       retry_check_interval    2

       check_period            24x7  //监控的时间段,是timeperiods.cfg中定义的

       notification_interval   10

       notification_period     24x7  //通知的时间段, ,是timeperiods.cfg中定义的

       notification_options    w,u,c,r  //在监控的结果是wucr时通知联系人,具体含义看前文.

       contact_groups          组名  //联系人组,是contactgroups.cfg中定义的

       }

 

主机模板配置

[root@nagios objects]# vi hosts.cfg +21

删除下面11行内容

添加下面内容

# Define some hosts

 

###########172.16.0.18##################

 

define host {

        use                      linux-server

        host_name                nagios

        alias                    nagios

        address                  172.16.0.18

        check_command            check-host-alive

        max_check_attempts        3

        normal_check_interval     2

        retry_check_interval      2

        check_period              24x7

        notification_interval     300

        notification_period       24x7

        notification_options      d,u,r

        contact_groups            admins

        process_perf_data         1

}

 

###########172.16.0.18##################

 

define host {

        use                      linux-server

        host_name                client1

        alias                    client1

        address                  172.16.0.20

        check_command            check-host-alive

        max_check_attempts        3

        normal_check_interval     2

        retry_check_interval      2

        check_period              24x7

        notification_interval     300

        notification_period       24x7

        notification_options      d,u,r

        contact_groups            admins

        process_perf_data         1

}

 

把监控的主机添加到主机组里面

[root@nagios objects]# vi hosts.cfg +76

define hostgroup{

        hostgroup_name  linux-servers ; The name of the hostgroup

        alias           Linux Servers ; Long name of the group

        members         nagios,client1     ; Comma separated list of hosts that belong to this group

        }

 

服务模板配置

[root@nagios objects]# pwd

/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects

[root@nagios objects]# vi services.cfg

添加下面内容

 

###########172.16.0.18##################

 

define service{

        use                     generic-service

        host_name               nagios

        service_description     Load

        check_command           check_nrpe!check_load       #这里的check_nrpe不是服务端/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe,而是command.cfg里定义的命令

        }

 

define service{

        use                     generic-service

        host_name               nagios

        service_description     Disk

        check_command           check_nrpe!check_disk

        }

 

define service{

        use                     generic-service

        host_name               nagios

        service_description     memory

        check_command           check_nrpe!check_mem

        }

define service{

        use                     generic-service

        host_name               nagios

        service_description     Ping

        check_command           check-ping!172.16.0.18

}

 

define service{

        use                     generic-service

        host_name               nagios

        service_description     port_3306

        check_command           check-tcp!3306

}

 

###########172.16.0.20##################

 

define service{

        use                     generic-service

        host_name               client1

        service_description     Load

        check_command           check_nrpe!check_load

        }

 

define service{

        use                     generic-service

        host_name               client1

        service_description     Disk

        check_command           check_nrpe!check_disk

        }

 

define service{

        use                     generic-service

        host_name               client1

        service_description     memory

        check_command           check_nrpe!check_mem

        }

define service{

    use             generic-service

        host_name               client1

        service_description     Ping

        check_command           check-ping!172.16.0.20

}

define service{

        use                     generic-service

        host_name               client1

        service_description     port_3306

        check_command           check-tcp!3306

}

 

 

重启nagios服务

[root@nagios objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios restart

 

打开浏览器访问

 

 

 

点击hosts

 

点击services

 

ok，我们的配置告一段落了。

 

出图部分

下载pnp4nagios源码包

[root@nagios objects]# cd /software/

[root@nagios software]# wget https://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pnp4nagios/PNP-0.6/pnp4nagios-0.6.25.tar.gz

 

安装依赖包

[root@nagios software]# yum install cairo pango perl-rrdtool rrdtool librrds-perl zlib zlib-devel freetype freetype-devel gd gd-devel -y

 

解压pnp4nagios源码包

[root@nagios software]# tar zxf pnp4nagios-0.6.25.tar.gz 

 

进入解压后的目录配置png

[root@nagios pnp4nagios-0.6.25]# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios

 

编译及安装

[root@nagios pnp4nagios-0.6.25]# make all

[root@nagios pnp4nagios-0.6.25]# make install

[root@nagios pnp4nagios-0.6.25]# make install-webconf

[root@nagios pnp4nagios-0.6.25]# make install-config

[root@nagios pnp4nagios-0.6.25]# make install-init

[root@nagios pnp4nagios-0.6.25]# cd sample-config/

[root@nagios sample-config]# make install-webconf

 

配置pnp4nagios

[root@nagios sample-config]# cd /usr/local/pnp4nagios/etc/

[root@nagios etc]# mv misccommands.cfg-sample misccommands.cfg

[root@nagios etc]#  mv rra.cfg-sample rra.cfg

[root@nagios etc]# mv nagios.cfg-sample nagios.cfg

[root@nagios etc]# cd pages/

[root@nagios pages]# mv web_traffic.cfg-sample web_traffic.cfg

[root@nagios pages]#  cd ../check_commands/

[root@nagios check_commands]# mv check_all_local_disks.cfg-sample check_all_local_disks.cfg

[root@nagios check_commands]#  mv check_nrpe.cfg-sample check_nrpe.cfg

[root@nagios check_commands]# mv check_nwstat.cfg-sample check_nwstat.cfg

[root@nagios check_commands]# systemctl enable npcd

[root@nagios check_commands]# systemctl start npcd

 

配置Nagios数据输出接口(以BULK模式运行)详情参考官网https://docs.pnp4nagios.org/pnp-0.6/config#bulk_mode：

 

[root@nagios check_commands]# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

process_performance_data=1 #默认为0，修改为1

 

并在该文件中添加下面的内容

#

 

# service performance data

 

#

 

service_perfdata_file=/usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/service-perfdata

 

service_perfdata_file_template=DATATYPE::SERVICEPERFDATA\tTIMET::$TIMET$\tHOSTNAME::$HOSTNAME$\tSERVICEDESC::$SERVICEDESC$\tSERVICEPERFDATA::$SERVICEPERFDATA$\tSERVICECHECKCOMMAND::$SERVICECHECKCOMMAND$\tHOSTSTATE::$HOSTSTATE$\tHOSTSTATETYPE::$HOSTSTATETYPE$\tSERVICESTATE::$SERVICESTATE$\tSERVICESTATETYPE::$SERVICESTATETYPE$

 

service_perfdata_file_mode=a

 

service_perfdata_file_processing_interval=15

 

service_perfdata_file_processing_command=process-service-perfdata-file

 

#

 

# host performance data starting with Nagios

 

#

 

host_perfdata_file=/usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/host-perfdata

 

host_perfdata_file_template=DATATYPE::HOSTPERFDATA\tTIMET::$TIMET$\tHOSTNAME::$HOSTNAME$\tHOSTPERFDATA::$HOSTPERFDATA$\tHOSTCHECKCOMMAND::$HOSTCHECKCOMMAND$\tHOSTSTATE::$HOSTSTATE$\tHOSTSTATETYPE::$HOSTSTATETYPE$

 

host_perfdata_file_mode=a

 

host_perfdata_file_processing_interval=15

 

host_perfdata_file_processing_command=process-host-perfdata-file

 

配置command.cfg

 

[root@nagios check_commands]#  vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg

在该文件中添加下面的内容

 

define command{

      command_name    process-service-perfdata-file

      command_line    /usr/local/pnp4nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl --bulk=/usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/service-perfdata

 

}

 

define command{

      command_name    process-host-perfdata-file

      command_line    /usr/local/pnp4nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl --bulk=/usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/host-perfdata

 

}

 

在模板配置文件中添加图表图标模板：

 

[root@nagios check_commands]# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg

在该文件中添加下面的内容

 

define host {

  name      host-pnp

  action_url /pnp4nagios/index.php/graph?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=_HOST_

  register  0

}

 

define service {

  name      service-pnp

  action_url /pnp4nagios/index.php/graph?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=$SERVICEDESC$

  register  0

 

}

 

在监控主机和服务中调用图表模板（在主机和服务后面添加新的模板）：

 

[root@nagios check_commands]# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg

主机内容修改如下

###########172.16.0.18##################

 

define host {

        use                      linux-server,host-pnp

        host_name                nagios

        alias                    nagios

        address                  172.16.0.18

        check_command            check-host-alive

        max_check_attempts        3

        normal_check_interval     2

        retry_check_interval      2

        check_period              24x7

        notification_interval     300

        notification_period       24x7

        notification_options      d,u,r

        contact_groups            admins

        process_perf_data         1

}

 

###########172.16.0.18##################

 

define host {

        use                      linux-server,host-pnp

        host_name                client1

        alias                    client1

        address                  172.16.0.20

        check_command            check-host-alive

        max_check_attempts        3

        normal_check_interval     2

        retry_check_interval      2

        check_period              24x7

        notification_interval     300

        notification_period       24x7

        notification_options      d,u,r

        contact_groups            admins

        process_perf_data         1

}

 

[root@nagios check_commands]# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg

服务内容修改如下

###########172.16.0.18##################

 

define service{

        use                     generic-service,service-pnp

        host_name               nagios

        service_description     Load

        check_command           check_nrpe!check_load       #这里的check_nrpe不是服务端/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe,而是command.cfg里定义的命令

        }

 

define service{

        use                     generic-service,service-pnp

        host_name               nagios

        service_description     Disk

        check_command           check_nrpe!check_disk

        }

 

define service{

        use                     generic-service,service-pnp

        host_name               nagios

        service_description     memory

        check_command           check_nrpe!check_mem

        }

define service{

        use                     generic-service,service-pnp

        host_name               nagios

        service_description     Ping

        check_command           check-ping!172.16.0.18

}

 

define service{

        use                     generic-service,service-pnp

        host_name               nagios

        service_description     port_3306

        check_command           check-tcp!3306

}

 

###########172.16.0.20##################

 

define service{

        use                     generic-service,service-pnp

        host_name               client1

        service_description     Load

        check_command           check_nrpe!check_load

        }

 

define service{

        use                     generic-service,service-pnp

        host_name               client1

        service_description     Disk

        check_command           check_nrpe!check_disk

        }

 

define service{

        use                     generic-service,service-pnp

        host_name               client1

        service_description     memory

        check_command           check_nrpe!check_mem

        }

define service{

    use                     generic-service,service-pnp

        host_name               client1

        service_description     Ping

        check_command           check-ping!172.16.0.20

}

define service{

        use                     generic-service,service-pnp

        host_name               client1

        service_description     port_3306

        check_command           check-tcp!3306

}

 

图表展示

重启nagios和apache

 

[root@nagios check_commands]# /etc/init.d/nagios checkconfig

[root@nagios check_commands]# /etc/init.d/nagios restart

[root@nagios check_commands]# systemctl restart httpd

 

访问nagios界面即可看到图表小图标：

 

 

点击图标会显示pnp4nagios测试页面：

 

 

全是绿色代表配置正常，如果不是全绿，要逐个解决错误。然后移除或修改install.php文件：

[root@nagios ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/pnp4nagios/share/install.php

 

再次点击图标就会显示当前监控服务由pnp4nagios生成的图表了

 

 

邮件报警配置

需要两个软件用来实现发送邮件

yum install mailx  sendmail

 

 

安装完之后，直接测试是否可以正常发送邮件

echo "this email come from centos"|mail -s "zabbix" 我的邮箱@qq.com

[root@localhost zabbix]# echo " I'm a foreign girl, do you?" |mail -s "zabbix" [email protected]

 

 

然后查看qq邮箱有刚刚发的内容：

 

 

 

 

 

 

发送外部邮件的时候，这种本地形式的发件人和发件地址容易被误认为垃圾邮件而拒收。

我们这里定义邮件发送smtp信息。

首先安装mailx12.5

wget http://fossies.org/linux/misc/old/mailx-12.5.tar.gz

tar zxf mailx-12.5.tar.gz

cd mailx-12.5

make

make install UCBINSTALL=/usr/bin/install

mv /bin/mail /bin/mail_old

ln -s /usr/local/bin/mailx /bin/mail

mail -V

 

接下来配置外部smtp发件信息

vi /etc/nail.rc

添加如下内容：

set bsdcompat

set [email protected]

set smtp=smtp.yasn.com.cn

set [email protected]

set smtp-auth-password=123456

set smtp-auth=login

 

测试邮件发送

echo 'mail content'|mail -s test [email protected]

 

发送邮件测试，可以看到发件人是我们设定的外部邮件发件人

 

 

 

 

 

编辑contacts.cfg，定义邮件联系人和组

[root@nagios ~]# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/

[root@nagios objects]# ls

commands.cfg  localhost.cfg~  services.cfg  templates.cfg    hosts.cfg    printer.cfg     

switch.cfg   windows.cfg contacts.cfg   localhost.cfg  timeperiods.cfg  

[root@nagios objects]# vi contacts.cfg              // 修改内容如下

define contact{

        contact_name                    nagiosadmin             ; Short name of user

        use                             generic-contact         ; Inherit default values from generic-contact template (defined above)

        alias                           Nagios Admin            ; Full name of user

 

        #email                           nagios@localhost       ; <<***** CHANGE THIS TO YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS ******

        email                           [email protected],[email protected]

        }

 

 

define contactgroup{

        contactgroup_name       admins

        alias                   Nagios Administrators

        members                 nagiosadmin

        }

 

编辑commands.cfg文件，定义邮件发送命令

 

[root@nagios objects]# vi commands.cfg                // 查看下面内容是否存在，不存在则添加

# 'notify-host-by-email' command definition

define command{

command_name    notify-host-by-email

command_line    /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios ***** Notification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host: $HOSTNAME$ State: $HOSTSTATE$ Address: $HOSTADDRESS$ Info: $HOSTOUTPUT$ Date/Time: $LONGDATETIME$ " | /bin/mail -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$

}

 

# 'notify-service-by-email' command definition

define command{

command_name    notify-service-by-email

command_line    /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios ***** Notification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service: $SERVICEDESC$ Host: $HOSTALIAS$ Address: $HOSTADDRESS$ State: $SERVICESTATE$ Date/Time: $LONGDATETIME$ Additional Info: $SERVICEOUTPUT$ " | /bin/mail -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$

}

 

 

修改一下监控的阀值，模拟报警。

 

 

 

 

重启nagios服务和sendmail服务

 

 

[root@nagios ~]# systemctl restart nagios

[root@nagios ~]# systemctl stop sendmail

[root@nagios ~]# ps -ef|grep sendmail

[root@nagios ~]# systemctl start sendmail

[root@nagios ~]# ps -ef|grep sendmail

 

查看报警的邮件，来几张图吧：

 

 

 

 

这是报警恢复后的邮件：

 

 

 

 

ok，搞定了。

 

常见邮件发送报错：

 

报错1

 

 

 

解决方法：

修改hosts为域名形式

 

[root@nagios objects]# cat /etc/hosts

172.16.0.18 nagios nagios.com

 

 

 

 

报错2（发送外部邮件的时候，这种本地形式的发件人和发件地址容易被误认为垃圾邮件而拒收。）

 

解决方法，见上面配置mail发件人smtp信息。

 

●监视物理组件的高级 Linux 命令（仅供参考）

内存：top  free、vmstat、mpstat、iostat、sar

CPU：top  vmstat、mpstat、iostat、sar

I/O：vmstat、mpstat、iostat、sar

进程：ipcs、ipcrm

负载：uptime

一键安装nagios命令参考

 

#############nagios-server-install########################

mkdir /software/

# mv nagios-4.3.1.tar.gz nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz pnp4nagios-0.6.25.tar.gz /software/

cd /software/

wget https://assets.nagios.com/downloads/nagioscore/releases/nagios-4.3.1.tar.gz

wget https://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz

wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-3.x/nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz

wget https://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pnp4nagios/PNP-0.6/pnp4nagios-0.6.25.tar.gz

yum -y install httpd httpd-devel gcc glibc glibc-common gd gd-devel perl-devel perl-CPAN fcgi perl-FCGI perl-FCGI-ProcManager

tar zxvf nagios-4.3.1.tar.gz

cd nagios-4.3.1/

useradd nagios -s /sbin/nologin

id www

groupadd nagcmd

usermod -a -G nagcmd nagios

usermod -a -G nagcmd www

id -n -G nagios

id -n -G www

./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd

make all

make install-init

make install-commandmode

make install-config

make install

sleep 2    

cp -R contrib/eventhandlers/ /usr/local/nagios/libexec/

chown -R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios/libexec/eventhandlers

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

make install-webconf

echo 'nagios:$apr1$UigX6LG0$29RugFJZTSxRjnX4NIH3E0' > /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users

sed -i 's/Listen 80/Listen 8080/g' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

sed -i 's/User apache/User www/g' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

sed -i 's/Group apache/Group www/g' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

sed -i 's/DirectoryIndex index.html/DirectoryIndex index.php index.html/g' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

grep 'Listen' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

grep 'User' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

grep 'Group' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

grep 'DirectoryIndex' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

cd /software/php-7.1.4/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --with-mysqli --with-zlib --with-curl --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-openssl --enable-mbstring --enable-xml --enable-session --enable-ftp --enable-pdo -enable-tokenizer --enable-zip --with-apxs2

make && make install

sleep 1

 

cd /etc/httpd/

ll /etc/httpd/modules/libphp7.so

systemctl start httpd

systemctl enable httpd

chkconfig nagios on

/etc/init.d/nagios start

cd /software/

tar zxvf nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz

cd nagios-plugins-2.2.1/

./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagcmd --enable-perl-modules

make && make install

 

cd /software/

tar zxvf nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz

cd nrpe-3.1.0/

./configure

make all

make install-plugin

make install-daemon

make install-daemon-config

cp sample-config/nrpe.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

echo "/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg" >> /etc/rc.local

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

netstat -lnput|grep 5666

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost

 

 

#######################nagios-client-install###########################

mkdir /software/

# mv nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz /software/

cd /software/

wget https://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz

wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-3.x/nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz

yum install perl-devel perl-CPAN -y

useradd nagios -M -s /sbin/nologin

tar zxvf nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz

cd nagios-plugins-2.2.1/

./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-perl-modules

make && make install

sleep 1

cd ..

tar zxvf nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz

cd nrpe-3.1.0/

./configure

make all

make install-plugin

make install-daemon

make install-daemon-config

mkdir /usr/local/nagios/etc/

cp sample-config/nrpe.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

echo "/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg" >> /etc/rc.local

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local           

netstat -lnput|grep 5666

sed -i 's/allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,::1/allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,::1,172.16.0.1/g' /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

sed -i 's/^command\[check/\#command\[check/g' /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

cat >> /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg << EOF

# my custom monitor items

command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10

command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -r -w .15,.10,.05 -c .30,.25,.20

command[check_disk]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /

command[check_mem]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mem.pl -w 90% -c 95%

command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap -w 20% -c 10%

EOF

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost -c check_disk

 

总结：

多多查看nagios日志和mail日志，进行排错。

作者：君惜丶
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/3476d98a4703
來源：简书
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