python爬取微博数据

爬取一个用户发过的所有微博

import urllib.request
import json
import csv
# 定义要爬取的微博大V的微博ID
id = '6882301420'

# 设置代理IP
proxy_addr = "113.124.95.210:9999"


# 定义页面打开函数
def use_proxy(url, proxy_addr):
    req = urllib.request.Request(url)
    req.add_header("User-Agent",
                   "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.221 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0")
    proxy = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({'http': proxy_addr})
    opener = urllib.request.build_opener(proxy, urllib.request.HTTPHandler)
    urllib.request.install_opener(opener)
    data = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read().decode('utf-8', 'ignore')
    return data


# 获取微博主页的containerid，爬取微博内容时需要此id
def get_containerid(url):
    data = use_proxy(url, proxy_addr)
    content = json.loads(data).get('data')
    for data in content.get('tabsInfo').get('tabs'):
        if (data.get('tab_type') == 'weibo'):
            containerid = data.get('containerid')
    return containerid


# 获取微博大V账号的用户基本信息，如：微博昵称、微博地址、微博头像、关注人数、粉丝数、性别、等级等
def get_userInfo(id):
    url = 'https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?type=uid&value=' + id
    data = use_proxy(url, proxy_addr)
    content = json.loads(data).get('data')
    profile_image_url = content.get('userInfo').get('profile_image_url')
    description = content.get('userInfo').get('description')
    profile_url = content.get('userInfo').get('profile_url')
    verified = content.get('userInfo').get('verified')
    guanzhu = content.get('userInfo').get('follow_count')
    name = content.get('userInfo').get('screen_name')
    fensi = content.get('userInfo').get('followers_count')
    gender = content.get('userInfo').get('gender')
    urank = content.get('userInfo').get('urank')
    print("微博昵称：" + name + "\n" + "微博主页地址：" + profile_url + "\n" + "微博头像地址：" + profile_image_url + "\n" + "是否认证：" + str(
        verified) + "\n" + "微博说明：" + description + "\n" + "关注人数：" + str(guanzhu) + "\n" + "粉丝数：" + str(
        fensi) + "\n" + "性别：" + gender + "\n" + "微博等级：" + str(urank) + "\n")


# 获取微博内容信息,并保存到文本中，内容包括：每条微博的内容、微博详情页面地址、点赞数、评论数、转发数等



# 保存在excel中
def write111csv(id, file):
    i = 1
    while True:
        url = 'https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?type=uid&value=' + id
        weibo_url = 'https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?type=uid&value=' + id + '&containerid=' + get_containerid(
            url) + '&page=' + str(i)
        try:
            data = use_proxy(weibo_url, proxy_addr)
            content = json.loads(data).get('data')
            cards = content.get('cards')
            if (len(cards) > 0):
                for j in range(len(cards)):
                    print("-----正在爬取第" + str(i) + "页，第" + str(j) + "条微博------")
                    card_type = cards[j].get('card_type')
                    if (card_type == 9):
                        mblog = cards[j].get('mblog')
                        attitudes_count = mblog.get('attitudes_count')
                        comments_count = mblog.get('comments_count')
                        created_at = mblog.get('created_at')
                        reposts_count = mblog.get('reposts_count')
                        scheme = cards[j].get('scheme')
                        text = mblog.get('text')
                        with open(file, 'a', encoding='utf-8') as fh:
                            fh.write("----第" + str(i) + "页，第" + str(j) + "条微博----" + ",")
                            fh.write(str(scheme) + "," + str(
                                created_at) + "," + text + "," + str(
                                attitudes_count) + "," + str(comments_count) + "," + str(
                                reposts_count) + "\n")
                i += 1
            else:
                break
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            pass


if __name__ == "__main__":
     file = id + ".csv"
     get_userInfo(id)
     write111csv(id, file)

此文章转载自一个大佬。我只是把保存方式从“.txt”变成了“.csv”这样子更利于观看。大家一定要设置代理IP。要不然爬虫会被查出来。