[2] CMake On Linux - 编译静态库和动态库
本帖子适用于初学者，StepByStep的入门CMake，CMake也是一门编程语言，只不过是针对编译和链接这种程序构建的过程的语言，学习基本语法就可以初步入门，后面需要什么复杂的功能，进阶掌握需要自己去查找官方文档，后续会给出查阅的一些方式
软件平台
- Win 7
- VMware Workstation 12 Pro
- Ubuntu 15.10
- CMake 3.2.2
case 4
目录结构
+
|
+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ src/
|
+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ hellolib/
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+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ include/
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+--- hello.h
/--+ src/
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+--- hello.cpp
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/--+ build/
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/--+ lib/
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+--- libhello.so文件内容
// /CMakeLists.txt
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)
PROJECT(HELLOLIB)
ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(src)// /src/CMakeLists.txt
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)
ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(hellolib)
// /src/hellolib/CMakeLists.txt
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)
SET(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib")
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/hellolib/src HELLOlib_src)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES("${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/hellolib/include")
ADD_LIBRARY(hello SHARED ${HELLOlib_src})// /src/hellolib/include/hello.h
# ifndef HELLO_H
# define HELLO_H
# include // /src/hellolib/src/hello.cpp
# include "hello.h"
using namespace std;
void HelloFunc(){
cout<<"Hello My Linux !"<语法解释
ADD_LIBRARY(hello SHARED ${HELLOlib_src})
添加编译库命令：
SHARED，动态库，libhello.so
STATIC，静态库，libhello.aSET(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH “${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib”)
ELIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH是cmake默认变量，修改它可以把库文件的路径修改，本例子中修改为build/lib
case 5
目录结构
+
|
+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ src/
|
+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ hellolib/
|
+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ include/
|
+--- hello.h
/--+ src/
|
+--- hello.cpp
|
/--+ build/
|
/--+ lib/
|
+--- libhello.so
+--- libhello.a文件内容
// /src/hellolib/CMakeLists.txt
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)
SET(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib")
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/hellolib/src HELLOlib_src)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES("${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/hellolib/include")
ADD_LIBRARY(hello SHARED ${HELLOlib_src})
ADD_LIBRARY(hello_static STATIC ${HELLOlib_src})
SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(hello_static PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME "hello")
#SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(hello PROPERTIES CLEAN_DIRECT_OUTPUT 1)
#SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(hello_static PROPERTIES CLEAN_DIRECT_OUTPUT 1)
#SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(hello PROPERTIES VERSION 1.2 SOVERSION 1)其余同case4
语法解释
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(“${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/hellolib/include”)
头文件目录包含指令SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(hello_static PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME “hello”)
一般我们希望同时编译出静态库和动态库，并且命名一致，但是cmake的target不允许重名，所以我们把静态库命名为hello_static，然后通过上述语句修改其输出的名字，为hello，这样就可以在lib目录下生成libhello.a和lobhello.so。SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(hello PROPERTIES CLEAN_DIRECT_OUTPUT 1)
如果执行make后只生成了一种库，说明生成第二个库的时候删除了同名的其他库。上面的语句可以显示指定不删除同名的库。SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(hello PROPERTIES VERSION 1.2 SOVERSION 1)
一般动态库会包含一个版本号，使用上述命令可以携带版本号：VERSION代表同太苦版本，SOVERSION指代API版本。
case 6
目录结构
+
|
+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ src/
|
+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ hellolib/
|
+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ include/
|
+--- hello.h
/--+ src/
|
+--- hello.cpp
/--+ mycmake/
|
+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ src/
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+--- mycmake.cpp
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/--+ build/
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/--+ lib/
|
+--- libhello.so
+--- libhello.a
/--+ bin/
|
+--- mycmake文件内容
// /src/CMakeLists.txt
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)
ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(hellolib)
ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(mycmake)
// /src/mycmake/CMakeLists.txt
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)
SET(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin")
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/mycmake/src mycmake_src)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES("${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/hellolib/include")
LINK_DIRECTORIES("${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib")
ADD_EXECUTABLE(mycmake ${mycmake_src})
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(mycmake libhello.a)
#TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(mycmake libhello.so)其余同case5
语法解释
LINK_DIRECTORIES(“${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib”)
库文件目录包含指令TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(mycmake libhello.a)
链接指令，链接自己编译出的静态/动态库，或者链接网上下载的外部库