Hyperledger Fabric配置文件解析（二）——configtx.yaml
1. 组织结构配置文件configtx.yaml
configtx.yaml主要用来配置fabric的组织结构，通道及锚节点的配置。它主要完成以下几个功能
- 生成启动 Orderer 需要的创世区块orderer.block(genesis.block)
- 创建应用通道所需的配置交易文件
- 生成组织锚节点更新配置交易文件
2.具体的文件配置信息
把注释全部去掉，看起来应该会清晰一点
Organizations:
- &OrdererOrg
Name: OrdererOrg
ID: OrdererMSP
MSPDir: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/msp
Policies:
Readers:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('OrdererMSP.member')"
Writers:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('OrdererMSP.member')"
Admins:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('OrdererMSP.admin')"
- &Org1
Name: Org1MSP
ID: Org1MSP
MSPDir: crypto-config/peerOrganizations/org1.example.com/msp
Policies:
Readers:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('Org1MSP.admin', 'Org1MSP.peer', 'Org1MSP.client')"
Writers:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('Org1MSP.admin', 'Org1MSP.client')"
Admins:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('Org1MSP.admin')"
AnchorPeers:
- Host: peer0.org1.example.com
Port: 7051
- &Org2
Name: Org2MSP
ID: Org2MSP
MSPDir: crypto-config/peerOrganizations/org2.example.com/msp
Policies:
Readers:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('Org2MSP.admin', 'Org2MSP.peer', 'Org2MSP.client')"
Writers:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('Org2MSP.admin', 'Org2MSP.client')"
Admins:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('Org2MSP.admin')"
AnchorPeers:
- Host: peer0.org2.example.com
Port: 9051
Capabilities:
Channel: &ChannelCapabilities
V1_4_3: true
V1_3: false
V1_1: false
Orderer: &OrdererCapabilities
V1_4_2: true
V1_1: false
Application: &ApplicationCapabilities
V1_4_2: true
V1_3: false
V1_2: false
V1_1: false
Application: &ApplicationDefaults
Organizations:
Policies:
Readers:
Type: ImplicitMeta
Rule: "ANY Readers"
Writers:
Type: ImplicitMeta
Rule: "ANY Writers"
Admins:
Type: ImplicitMeta
Rule: "MAJORITY Admins"
Capabilities:
<<: *ApplicationCapabilities
Orderer: &OrdererDefaults
OrdererType: solo
Addresses:
- orderer.example.com:7050
BatchTimeout: 2s
BatchSize:
MaxMessageCount: 10
AbsoluteMaxBytes: 99 MB
PreferredMaxBytes: 512 KB
Kafka:
Brokers:
- 127.0.0.1:9092
EtcdRaft:
Consenters:
- Host: orderer.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer2.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer2.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer2.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer3.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer3.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer3.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer4.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer4.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer4.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer5.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer5.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer5.example.com/tls/server.crt
Organizations:
Policies:
Readers:
Type: ImplicitMeta
Rule: "ANY Readers"
Writers:
Type: ImplicitMeta
Rule: "ANY Writers"
Admins:
Type: ImplicitMeta
Rule: "MAJORITY Admins"
BlockValidation:
Type: ImplicitMeta
Rule: "ANY Writers"
Channel: &ChannelDefaults
Policies:
Readers:
Type: ImplicitMeta
Rule: "ANY Readers"
Writers:
Type: ImplicitMeta
Rule: "ANY Writers"
Admins:
Type: ImplicitMeta
Rule: "MAJORITY Admins"
Capabilities:
<<: *ChannelCapabilities
Profiles:
TwoOrgsOrdererGenesis:
<<: *ChannelDefaults
Orderer:
<<: *OrdererDefaults
Organizations:
- *OrdererOrg
Capabilities:
<<: *OrdererCapabilities
Consortiums:
SampleConsortium:
Organizations:
- *Org1
- *Org2
TwoOrgsChannel:
Consortium: SampleConsortium
<<: *ChannelDefaults
Application:
<<: *ApplicationDefaults
Organizations:
- *Org1
- *Org2
Capabilities:
<<: *ApplicationCapabilities
SampleDevModeKafka:
<<: *ChannelDefaults
Capabilities:
<<: *ChannelCapabilities
Orderer:
<<: *OrdererDefaults
OrdererType: kafka
Kafka:
Brokers:
- kafka.example.com:9092
Organizations:
- *OrdererOrg
Capabilities:
<<: *OrdererCapabilities
Application:
<<: *ApplicationDefaults
Organizations:
- <<: *OrdererOrg
Consortiums:
SampleConsortium:
Organizations:
- *Org1
- *Org2
SampleMultiNodeEtcdRaft:
<<: *ChannelDefaults
Capabilities:
<<: *ChannelCapabilities
Orderer:
<<: *OrdererDefaults
OrdererType: etcdraft
EtcdRaft:
Consenters:
- Host: orderer.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer2.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer2.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer2.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer3.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer3.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer3.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer4.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer4.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer4.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer5.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer5.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer5.example.com/tls/server.crt
Addresses:
- orderer.example.com:7050
- orderer2.example.com:7050
- orderer3.example.com:7050
- orderer4.example.com:7050
- orderer5.example.com:7050
Organizations:
- *OrdererOrg
Capabilities:
<<: *OrdererCapabilities
Application:
<<: *ApplicationDefaults
Organizations:
- <<: *OrdererOrg
Consortiums:
SampleConsortium:
Organizations:
- *Org1
- *Org2
该文件内容信息比较多，拆分出来看会比较清晰
3. 配置文件拆分详解
3.1 Organizations组织配置部分
Organizations配置段用来定义组织机构实体，以便在后续配置中引用
Organizations:
- &OrdererOrg
Name: OrdererOrg ## 组织名称
ID: OrdererMSP ## 组织ID，ID是引用组织的关键
MSPDir: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/msp ## 组织的MSP证书路径
## 定义本层级的组织策略，其权威路径为 /Channel///
Policies:
Readers:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('OrdererMSP.member')"
Writers:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('OrdererMSP.member')"
Admins:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('OrdererMSP.admin')"
- &Org1
Name: Org1MSP
ID: Org1MSP
MSPDir: crypto-config/peerOrganizations/org1.example.com/msp
Policies:
Readers:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('Org1MSP.admin', 'Org1MSP.peer', 'Org1MSP.client')"
Writers:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('Org1MSP.admin', 'Org1MSP.client')"
Admins:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('Org1MSP.admin')"
AnchorPeers: ## 定义组织的锚节点
- Host: peer0.org1.example.com ## 锚节点的host地址
Port: 7051 ## 锚节点开放的端口号
- &Org2
Name: Org2MSP
ID: Org2MSP
MSPDir: crypto-config/peerOrganizations/org2.example.com/msp
Policies:
Readers:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('Org2MSP.admin', 'Org2MSP.peer', 'Org2MSP.client')"
Writers:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('Org2MSP.admin', 'Org2MSP.client')"
Admins:
Type: Signature
Rule: "OR('Org2MSP.admin')"
AnchorPeers:
- Host: peer0.org2.example.com
Port: 9051
3.2 Capabilities通道能力配置部分
Capabilities 段用来定义fabric网络的能力。这是版本v1.1.0引入的一个新的配置段，当与版本v1.0.x的orderer节点与peer节点混合组网时不可使用。
Capabilities:
# Channel配置同时应用于orderer节点与peer节点，并且必须被两种节点同时支持
# 将该配置项设置为ture表明要求节点具备该能力,false则不要求该节点具备该能力
Channel: &ChannelCapabilities
V1_4_3: true
V1_3: false
V1_1: false
# Orderer功能仅适用于orderers，可以安全地操作，而无需担心升级peers
# 将该配置项设置为ture表明要求节点具备该能力,false则不要求该节点具备该能力
Orderer: &OrdererCapabilities
V1_4_2: true
V1_1: false
# 应用程序功能仅适用于Peer网络，可以安全地操作，而无需担心升级或更新orderers
# 将该配置项设置为ture表明要求节点具备该能力,false则不要求该节点具备该能力
Application: &ApplicationCapabilities
V1_4_2: true
V1_3: false
V1_2: false
V1_1: false
Capabilities段定义了fabric程序要加入网络所必须支持的特性。例如，如果添加了一个新的MSP类型，那么更新的程序可能会根据该类型识别并验证签名，但是老版本的程序就没有办法验证这些交易。这可能导致不同版本的fabric程序中维护的世界状态不一致。
因此，通过定义通道的能力，就明确了不满足该能力要求的fabric程序，将无法处理交易，除非升级到新的版本。对于v1.0.x的程序而言，如果在Capabilities段定义了任何能力，即使声明不需要支持这些能力，都会导致其有意崩溃。
3.3 Application 应用通道相关配置
Application配置段用来定义要写入创世区块或配置交易的应用参数
Application: &ApplicationDefaults ## 自定义被引用的地址
Organizations: ## Organizations配置列出参与到网络中的机构清单
Policies: ## 定义本层级的应用控制策略，其权威路径为 /Channel/Application/3.4 Orderer 排序节点配置
Orderer配置段用来定义要编码写入创世区块或通道交易的排序节点参数
Orderer: &OrdererDefaults
# 排序节点类型用来指定要启用的排序节点实现，不同的实现对应不同的共识算法。
# 目前可用的类型为：solo，kafka，EtcdRaft
OrdererType: solo
Addresses: ## 服务地址,这个地方很重要，一定要配正确
- orderer.example.com:7050
BatchTimeout: 2s ## 区块打包的最大超时时间 (到了该时间就打包区块)
BatchSize: ## 区块打包的最大包含交易数（orderer端切分区块的参数）
MaxMessageCount: 10 ## 一个区块里最大的交易数
AbsoluteMaxBytes: 99 MB ## 一个区块的最大字节数，任何时候都不能超过
PreferredMaxBytes: 512 KB ## 一个区块的建议字节数，如果一个交易消息的大小超过了这个值, 就会被放入另外一个更大的区块中
MaxChannels: 0 ## 【可选项】表示Orderer允许的最大通道数， 默认0表示没有最大通道数
Kafka:
Brokers: ## kafka模式的时候kafka节点的地址，通常至少配2个
- 127.0.0.1:9092
EtcdRaft: ## 定义了EtcdRaft排序类型被选择时的配置
Consenters:
- Host: orderer.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer2.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer2.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer2.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer3.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer3.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer3.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer4.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer4.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer4.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer5.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer5.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer5.example.com/tls/server.crt
Organizations: ## 参与维护Orderer的组织，默认为空
# 定义本层级的排序节点策略，其权威路径为 /Channel/Orderer/3.5 Channel 通道配置
Channel配置段用来定义要写入创世区块或配置交易的通道参数。
Channel: &ChannelDefaults
# 定义本层级的通道访问策略，其权威路径为 /Channel/3.6 Profiles 配置入口
Profiles配置段用来定义用于configtxgen工具的配置入口。包含联盟（consortium）的配置入口可以用来生成排序节点的创世区块。
Profiles:
# TwoOrgsOrdererGenesis用来生成orderer启动时所需的block，用于生成创世区块，名字可以任意
# 需要包含Orderer和Consortiums两部分
TwoOrgsOrdererGenesis:
<<: *ChannelDefaults ## 通道为默认配置，这里直接引用上面channel配置段中的ChannelDefaults
Orderer:
<<: *OrdererDefaults ## Orderer为默认配置，这里直接引用上面orderer配置段中的OrdererDefaults
Organizations: ## 这里直接引用上面Organizations配置段中的OrdererOrg
- *OrdererOrg
Capabilities: ## 这里直接引用上面Capabilities配置段中的OrdererCapabilities
<<: *OrdererCapabilities
# 联盟为默认的 SampleConsortium 联盟，添加了两个组织，表示orderer所服务的联盟列表
Consortiums:
SampleConsortium: ## 创建更多应用通道时的联盟引用 TwoOrgsChannel 所示
Organizations:
- *Org1
- *Org2
# TwoOrgsChannel用来生成channel配置信息，名字可以任意
# 需要包含Consortium和Applicatioon两部分。
TwoOrgsChannel:
Consortium: SampleConsortium ## 通道所关联的联盟名称
<<: *ChannelDefaults ## 通道为默认配置，这里直接引用上面channel配置段中的ChannelDefaults
Application:
<<: *ApplicationDefaults ## 这里直接引用上面Application配置段中的ApplicationDefaults
Organizations:
- *Org1
- *Org2
Capabilities:
<<: *ApplicationCapabilities ## 这里直接引用上面Capabilities配置段中的ApplicationCapabilities
# SampleInsecureKafka定义了一个使用Kfaka排序节点的配置
SampleDevModeKafka:
<<: *ChannelDefaults
Capabilities:
<<: *ChannelCapabilities
Orderer:
<<: *OrdererDefaults
OrdererType: kafka
Kafka:
Brokers:
- kafka.example.com:9092
Organizations:
- *OrdererOrg
Capabilities:
<<: *OrdererCapabilities
Application:
<<: *ApplicationDefaults
Organizations:
- <<: *OrdererOrg
Consortiums:
SampleConsortium:
Organizations:
- *Org1
- *Org2
# SampleInsecureKafka定义了一个使用EtcdRaft排序节点的配置
SampleMultiNodeEtcdRaft:
<<: *ChannelDefaults
Capabilities:
<<: *ChannelCapabilities
Orderer:
<<: *OrdererDefaults
OrdererType: etcdraft
EtcdRaft:
Consenters:
- Host: orderer.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer2.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer2.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer2.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer3.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer3.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer3.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer4.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer4.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer4.example.com/tls/server.crt
- Host: orderer5.example.com
Port: 7050
ClientTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer5.example.com/tls/server.crt
ServerTLSCert: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer5.example.com/tls/server.crt
Addresses:
- orderer.example.com:7050
- orderer2.example.com:7050
- orderer3.example.com:7050
- orderer4.example.com:7050
- orderer5.example.com:7050
Organizations:
- *OrdererOrg
Capabilities:
<<: *OrdererCapabilities
Application:
<<: *ApplicationDefaults
Organizations:
- <<: *OrdererOrg
Consortiums:
SampleConsortium:
Organizations:
- *Org1
- *Org2
3.7 工具调用
使用下面的命令生成orderer启动时所需的block
configtxgen -profile TwoOrgsOrdererGenesis -outputBlock genesis.block
使用下面的命令生成channel配置信息
configtxgen -profile TwoOrgsChannel -outputCreateChannelTx channel.tx -channelID $CHANNEL_NAME
使用下面的命令生成更新锚节点
configtxgen -profile TwoOrgsChannel -outputAnchorPeersUpdate ./channel-artifacts/Org1MSPanchors.tx -channelID mychannel -asOrg Org1MSP
configtxgen -profile TwoOrgsChannel -outputAnchorPeersUpdate ./channel-artifacts/Org2MSPanchors.tx -channelID mychannel -asOrg Org2MSP
最终在channel-artifacts文件夹中，应该是能够看到4个文件。
channel-artifacts
├── Org1MSPanchors.tx
├── Org2MSPanchors.tx
├── channel.tx
└── genesis.block