C语言综合实验(六)之计费管理系统的基本功能实现

实验内容

（1）熟练掌握文件操作相关函数，包括文本文件和二进制文件的操作

（2）熟练掌握链表的基本操作，包括链表的插入、删除和查找

（3）进一步应用文件包含等编译预处理命令，优化软件结构。

沿用第一次的main.cpp 第三次的tool.h，tool.cpp

card.h
卡片头文件

#ifndef Card_H
#define Card_H
typedef struct Card {
	char      aName[18];  //卡号
	char      aPwd[8];       //密码
	int         nStatus;         //卡状态（0-未上机；1-正在上机；2-已注销；3-失效）
	time_t    tStart;            //开卡时间
	time_t    tEnd;             //卡的截止时间
	float       fTotalUse;     //累计金额
	time_t    tLast;            //最后使用时间
	int          nUseCount;  //使用次数
	float       fBalance;      //余额
	int          nDel;            //删除标识 0-未删除，1-删除
	struct Card* next;            //指向下一个卡的指针
}Card;
void addCard(Card *card, char no[], char pwd[], float balance);
Card* initial();
Card* queryCard(Card *card, char no[]);
Card* queryCards(Card *card, char no[]);
int delCard(Card *card, char no[]);
float spend(Card *card,time_t tm);
Card* showCard();
#endif

卡片源文件
card.cpp

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS//消除scanf警告
#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "card.h"
#include "card_file.h"
#include "time.h"
void addCard(Card *card, char no[], char pwd[], float balance) {
	Card *t;
	t = (Card*)malloc(sizeof(Card));
	strcpy(t->aName, no);
	strcpy(t->aPwd, pwd);
	t->nStatus = 0;
	t->fTotalUse = 0;
	t->fBalance = balance;
	t->nUseCount = 0;
	t->nDel = 0;
	t->tLast = time(NULL);
	t->tStart = time(NULL);
	t->tEnd = t->tLast + 60 * 60 * 24 * 365;
	t->next = card->next;
	card->next = t;
	saveCard(t);
}
Card* initial() {
	Card *card;
	card = (Card*)malloc(sizeof(Card));
	card->next = NULL;
	return card;
}
Card* queryCard(Card *card, char no[]) {
	Card *t = card->next;
	int flag = 0;
	for (; t != NULL; t = t->next) {
		if (strcmp(t->aName, no) == 0) {
			flag = 1;
			break;
		}
	}
	if (flag) return t;
	else return NULL;
}
Card* queryCards(Card *card, char no[]) {
	Card *t = card->next;
	Card *s;
	s = (Card*)malloc(sizeof(Card));
	s->next = NULL;
	for (; t != NULL; t = t->next) {
		if (strstr(t->aName, no) != NULL) {
			Card *p;
			p = (Card*)malloc(sizeof(Card));
			strcpy(p->aName, t->aName);
			strcpy(p->aPwd, t->aPwd);
			p->nStatus = t->nStatus;
			p->fTotalUse = t->fTotalUse;
			p->fBalance = t->fBalance;
			p->nUseCount = t->nUseCount;
			p->nDel = t->nDel;
			p->tLast = t->tLast;
			p->tStart = t->tStart;
			p->tEnd = t->tEnd;
			p->next = s->next;
			s->next = p;
		}
	}
	return s;
}
int delCard(Card *card, char no[]) {
	Card *t = card->next;
	Card *p = card;
	int flag = 0;
	for (; t != NULL; p = t, t = t->next) {
		if (strcmp(t->aName, no) == 0) {
			flag = 1;
			p->next = t->next;
			t->nDel = 1;
			free(t);
			break;
		}
	}
	return flag;
}
float spend(Card *card,time_t tm) {
	float t = 2.0;
	t = t * (tm - card->tLast) / 3600;
	return t;
}
/*
Card* showCard() {
	Card *card=initial();
	card=readCard();
	return card;
}
*/

menu.h
菜单头文件

void outputmenu();
void add();
void query();
void del();
void dologin();
void dologout();

menu.cpp
菜单源文件

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS//消除scanf警告
#include"stdio.h"
#include"stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "menu.h"
#include "card.h"
#include"card_file.h"
#include"time.h"
Card *card = initial();
void outputmenu() {
	do {
		char i;
		printf("以下为本账户管理系统的菜单界面\n");
		printf("1.添加卡\n");
		printf("2.查询卡\n");
		printf("3.上机\n");
		printf("4.下机\n");
		printf("5.充值\n");
		printf("6.退费\n");
		printf("7.查询统计\n");
		printf("8.注销卡\n");
		printf("0.退出\n");
		printf("请输入0-8数字来进行选择\n");
		scanf("%c", &i);
		switch (i) {
		case '0': {
			exit(0);
			break;
		}
		case '1': {
			add();
			break;
		}
		case '2': {
			query();
			break;
		}
		case '3': {
			dologin();
			break;
		}
		case '4': {
			dologout();
			break;
		}
		case '5': {
			system("cls");
			printf("以下为充值的菜单界面\n");
			system("pause");
			/*
			充值
			*/
			break;
		}
		case '6': {
			system("cls");
			printf("以下为退费的菜单界面\n");
			system("pause");
			/*
			退费
			*/
			break;
		}
		case '7': {
			system("cls");
			printf("以下为查询统计的菜单界面\n");
			//showCard();
			break;
		}
		case '8': {
			del();
			break;
		}
		default: {
			system("cls");
			printf("请输入正确的1-8数字\n");
			break;
		}
		}
	} while (1);
}
void add() {
	system("cls");
	card=readCard();
	printf("以下为添加卡的菜单界面\n");
	printf("请输入需要添加的卡号(长度1-18):\n");
	char no[50];
	scanf("%s", no);
	while (strlen(no) > 18 || queryCard(card, no) != NULL) {
		if (strlen(no) > 18) printf("卡号超过18位，请重新输入卡号(长度1-18):\n");
		else printf("该卡号已存在请重新输入卡号(长度1-18):\n");
		scanf("%s", no);
	}
	char pwd[30];
	printf("请输入密码(长度1-8):\n");
	scanf("%s", pwd);
	while (strlen(pwd) > 8) {
		printf("密码超过8位，请重新输入密码(长度1-8):\n");
		scanf("%s", pwd);
	}
	float balance;
	printf("请输入开卡金额(人民币):\n");
	scanf("%f", &balance);
	printf("添加卡的信息如下:\n");
	printf("卡号\t密码\t状态\t金额\n");
	printf("%s\t%s\t\t%.1f\n", no, pwd, balance);
	addCard(card, no, pwd, balance);
	int i;
	printf("1.继续添加\n");
	printf("2.返回上级菜单\n");
	printf("0.退出\n");
	scanf("%d", &i);
	switch (i) {
	case 0: {
		exit(0); break;
	}
	case 1: {
		add(); break;
	}
	case 2: {
		break;
	}
	}
}
void query() {
	system("cls");
	card=readCard();
	printf("以下为查询卡的菜单界面\n");
	printf("请输入需要查询的卡号(长度1-18):\n");
	char no[50];
	scanf("%s", no);
	while (strlen(no) > 18) {
		if (strlen(no) > 18) printf("卡号超过18位，请重新输入卡号(长度1-18):\n");
		scanf("%s", no);
	}
	Card *t = queryCard(card, no);
	if (t == NULL) {
		Card *s = queryCards(card, no);
		if (s->next != NULL) {
			printf("查询卡的信息如下:\n");
			printf("卡号\t状态\t余额\t累计使用\t使用次数\t上次使用时间\n");
			while (s->next != NULL) {
				t = s->next;
				s = s->next;
				struct tm *p = localtime(&t->tLast);
				printf("%s\t%d\t%.1f\t%.1f\t\t%d\t", t->aName, t->nStatus, t->fBalance, t->fTotalUse, t->nUseCount);
				printf("%4d-", p->tm_year + 1900);
				printf("%02d-", p->tm_mon + 1);
				printf("%02d ", p->tm_mday);
				printf("%02d:%02d:%02d\n", p->tm_hour, p->tm_min, p->tm_sec);
			}
		}
		else printf("查询失败！\n");
	}
	else {
		printf("查询卡的信息如下:\n");
		printf("卡号\t状态\t余额\t累计使用\t使用次数\t上次使用时间\n");
		struct tm *p = localtime(&t->tLast);
		printf("%s\t%d\t%.1f\t%.1f\t\t%d\t", t->aName, t->nStatus, t->fBalance, t->fTotalUse, t->nUseCount);
		printf("%4d-", p->tm_year + 1900);
		printf("%02d-", p->tm_mon + 1);
		printf("%02d ", p->tm_mday);
		printf("%02d:%02d:%02d\n", p->tm_hour, p->tm_min, p->tm_sec);
	}
	int i;
	printf("1.继续查询\n");
	printf("2.返回上级菜单\n");
	printf("0.退出\n");
	scanf("%d", &i);
	switch (i) {
	case 0: {
		exit(0); break;
	}
	case 1: {
		query(); break;
	}
	case 2: {
		break;
	}
	}
}
void del() {
	system("cls");
	card = readCard();
	printf("以下为注销卡的菜单界面\n");
	printf("请输入需要注销的卡号(长度1-18):\n");
	char no[50];
	scanf("%s", no);
	while (strlen(no) > 18 || queryCard(card, no) == NULL) {
		if (strlen(no) > 18) printf("卡号超过18位，请重新输入卡号(长度1-18):\n");
		else printf("该卡号不存在请重新输入卡号(长度1-18):\n");
		scanf("%s", no);
	}
	Card *t = queryCard(card, no);
	char pwd[30];
	printf("请输入上机密码(长度1-8):\n");
	scanf("%s", pwd);
	while (strlen(pwd) > 8) {
		printf("密码超过8位，请重新输入密码(长度1-8):\n");
		scanf("%s", pwd);
	}
	if (strcmp(pwd, t->aPwd) == 0) {
		if (updateCard(t, 2) == 1) printf("删除成功！\n");
		else printf("删除失败！\n");
	}
	else printf("密码错误！\n");
	int i;
	printf("1.继续删除\n");
	printf("2.返回上级菜单\n");
	printf("0.退出\n");
	scanf("%d", &i);
	switch (i) {
	case 0: {
		exit(0); break;
	}
	case 1: {
		del(); break;
	}
	case 2: {
		break;
	}
	}
}
void dologin() {
	system("cls");
	card=readCard();
	printf("以下为上机的菜单界面\n");
	printf("请输入上机卡号(长度1-18):\n");
	char no[50];
	scanf("%s", no);
	while (strlen(no) > 18 || queryCard(card, no) == NULL) {
		if (strlen(no) > 18) printf("卡号超过18位，请重新输入卡号(长度1-18):\n");
		else printf("该卡号不存在请重新输入卡号(长度1-18):\n");
		scanf("%s", no);
	}
	Card *t = queryCard(card, no);
	char pwd[30];
	printf("请输入上机密码(长度1-8):\n");
	scanf("%s", pwd);
	while (strlen(pwd) > 8) {
		printf("密码超过8位，请重新输入密码(长度1-8):\n");
		scanf("%s", pwd);
	}
	if (strcmp(pwd,t->aPwd) == 0) {
		if (t->nStatus == 0) {
			if (t->fBalance > 0) {
				printf("上机信息如下:\n");
				printf("卡号\t余额\t上机时间\n");
				time_t tm = time(NULL);
				struct tm *p = localtime(&tm);
				printf("%s\t%.1f\t%04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d\n", t->aName, t->fBalance, p->tm_year + 1900, p->tm_mon + 1, p->tm_mday, p->tm_hour, p->tm_min, p->tm_sec);
				t->tLast = tm;
				if (updateCard(t, 1) != 1) {
					printf("文件写入失败！\n");
				}
				else printf("上机成功！\n");
			}
			else printf("该卡余额不足，上机失败！\n");
		}
		else printf("该卡正在上机或已注销或失效，上机失败！\n");
	}
	else printf("密码不正确，上机失败！\n");
	int i;
	printf("1.继续上机\n");
	printf("2.返回上级菜单\n");
	printf("0.退出\n");
	scanf("%d", &i);
	switch (i) {
	case 0: {
		exit(0); break;
	}
	case 1: {
		dologin(); break;
	}
	case 2: {
		break;
	}
	}
}
void dologout() {
	system("cls");
	card = readCard();
	printf("以下为下机的菜单界面\n");
	printf("请输入下机卡号(长度1-18):\n");
	char no[50];
	scanf("%s", no);
	while (strlen(no) > 18 || queryCard(card, no) == NULL) {
		if (strlen(no) > 18) printf("卡号超过18位，请重新输入卡号(长度1-18):\n");
		else printf("该卡号不存在请重新输入卡号(长度1-18):\n");
		scanf("%s", no);
	}
	Card *t = queryCard(card, no);
	char pwd[30];
	printf("请输入下机密码(长度1-8):\n");
	scanf("%s", pwd);
	while (strlen(pwd) > 8) {
		printf("密码超过8位，请重新输入密码(长度1-8):\n");
		scanf("%s", pwd);
	}
	if (strcmp(pwd, t->aPwd) == 0) {
		if (t->nStatus == 1) {
			printf("下机信息如下:\n");
			printf("卡号\t消费\t余额\t上机时间\t下机时间\n");
			time_t tmp;
			time(&tmp);
			struct tm *q = localtime(&t->tLast);
			float spd = spend(t,tmp);
			t->fBalance -= spd;
			t->fTotalUse += spd;
			printf("%s\t%.1f\t%.1f\t%04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d\t", t->aName, spd, t->fBalance, q->tm_year + 1900, q->tm_mon + 1, q->tm_mday, q->tm_hour, q->tm_min, q->tm_sec);
			struct tm *p = localtime(&tmp);
			printf("%04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d\n", p->tm_year + 1900, p->tm_mon + 1, p->tm_mday, p->tm_hour, p->tm_min, p->tm_sec);
			t->tLast = tmp;
			if (updateCard(t, 0) != 1) {
				printf("文件写入失败！\n");
			}
			else printf("下机成功！\n");
		}
		else printf("该卡未上机或已注销或失效，上机失败！\n");
	}
	else printf("密码不正确，上机失败！\n");
	int i;
	printf("1.继续下机\n");
	printf("2.返回上级菜单\n");
	printf("0.退出\n");
	scanf("%d", &i);
	switch (i) {
	case 0: {
		exit(0); break;
	}
	case 1: {
		dologout(); break;
	}
	case 2: {
		break;
	}
	}
}

card_file.h
卡片文件头文件

#include "card.h"
void saveCard(Card *card);
Card* readCard();
int updateCard(Card *card, int nStatus);

card_file.cpp
卡片文件源文件

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS//消除scanf警告
#include "stdio.h"
#include"stdlib.h"
#include "card.h"
#include "time.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "tool.h"
#include "card_file.h"
void saveCard(Card *card) {
	FILE *file;
	time_t t = time(NULL);
	struct tm *p = localtime(&t);
	if ((file = fopen("C:\\Users\\HU\\Desktop\\card.txt", "a")) != NULL) {
		fprintf(file, "%s\t%s\t%d\t%4d%02d%02d-%02d:%02d:%02d\t%4d%02d%02d-%02d:%02d:%02d\t%.1f\t%4d%02d%02d-%02d:%02d:%02d\t%d\t%.1f\t%d\n",
			card->aName, card->aPwd, card->nStatus, p->tm_year + 1900, p->tm_mon + 1, p->tm_mday, p->tm_hour, p->tm_min, p->tm_sec,
			p->tm_year + 1901, p->tm_mon + 1, p->tm_mday, p->tm_hour, p->tm_min, p->tm_sec, card->fTotalUse,
			p->tm_year + 1900, p->tm_mon + 1, p->tm_mday, p->tm_hour, p->tm_min, p->tm_sec, card->nUseCount, card->fBalance, card->nDel);
	}
	else printf("文件打开失败!\n");
	fclose(file);
}
Card* readCard() {
	Card *card = initial();
	FILE *file;
	file = fopen("C:\\Users\\HU\\Desktop\\card.txt", "a");  //如果文件不存在则创建一个文件
	fclose(file);
	char time_start[50], time_end[50], time_last[50];
	time_t t_start, t_end, t_last;
	if ((file = fopen("C:\\Users\\HU\\Desktop\\card.txt", "r")) != NULL) {
		while (!feof(file)) {
			Card *t;
			t = (Card*)malloc(sizeof(Card));
			if (fscanf(file, "%s %s %d %s %s %f %s %d %f %d",
				t->aName, t->aPwd, &t->nStatus, time_start, time_end,
				&t->fTotalUse, time_last, &t->nUseCount, &t->fBalance, &t->nDel) == EOF) break;
			t->tStart = stringToTime(time_start);
			t->tEnd = stringToTime(time_end);
			t->tLast = stringToTime(time_last);
			/*t_start = t->tStart;
			//t_end = t->tEnd;
			//t_last = t->tLast;
			//struct tm *p = localtime(&t_start);
			//printf("%s\t%s\t%d\t", t->aName, t->aPwd, t->nStatus);
			//printf("%4d%02d%02d-%02d:%02d:%02d\t", p->tm_year + 1900, p->tm_mon + 1, p->tm_mday, p->tm_hour, p->tm_min, p->tm_sec);
			//p = localtime(&t_end);
			//printf("%4d%02d%02d-%02d:%02d:%02d\t", p->tm_year + 1900, p->tm_mon + 1, p->tm_mday, p->tm_hour, p->tm_min, p->tm_sec);
			//printf("%.1f\t", t->fTotalUse);
			//p = localtime(&t_last);
			//printf("%4d%02d%02d-%02d:%02d:%02d\t", p->tm_year + 1900, p->tm_mon + 1, p->tm_mday, p->tm_hour, p->tm_min, p->tm_sec);
			//printf("%d\t%.1f\t%d\n", t->nUseCount,t->fBalance,t->nDel);
			*/
			if (t->nStatus < 2 && t->nDel != 1) {
				t->next = card->next;
				card->next = t;
			}
		}
	}
	else {
		printf("文件读取失败！");
	}
	fclose(file);
	return card;
}
int updateCard(Card *card, int nStatus) {
	FILE *file;
	time_t t = time(NULL);
	struct tm *p = localtime(&t);
	time_t t_start, t_end, t_last;
	char time_start[50], time_end[50], time_last[50];
	int flag = 0;
	if ((file = fopen("C:\\Users\\HU\\Desktop\\card.txt", "r+")) != NULL) {
		Card *t;
		t = (Card*)malloc(sizeof(Card));
		while (fscanf(file, "%s %s %d %s %s %f %s %d %f %d",
			t->aName, t->aPwd, &t->nStatus, time_start, time_end,
			&t->fTotalUse, time_last, &t->nUseCount, &t->fBalance, &t->nDel) != EOF) {
			if (strcmp(card->aName, t->aName) == 0) {
				fseek(file, -83, SEEK_CUR);//不同格式不一定是-83
				if (nStatus != 2) {
					fprintf(file, "%s\t%s\t%d\t%s\t%s\t%.1f\t%4d%02d%02d-%02d:%02d:%02d\t%d\t%.1f\t%d\n",
						card->aName, card->aPwd, nStatus, time_start, time_end, card->fTotalUse,
						p->tm_year + 1900, p->tm_mon + 1, p->tm_mday, p->tm_hour, p->tm_min, p->tm_sec, card->nUseCount+1, card->fBalance, 0);
				}
				else {
					fprintf(file, "%s\t%s\t%d\t%s\t%s\t%.1f\t%4d%02d%02d-%02d:%02d:%02d\t%d\t%.1f\t%d\n",
						card->aName, card->aPwd, nStatus, time_start, time_end, card->fTotalUse,
						p->tm_year + 1900, p->tm_mon + 1, p->tm_mday, p->tm_hour, p->tm_min, p->tm_sec, card->nUseCount, card->fBalance, 1);
				}
				flag = 1;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	fclose(file);
	return flag;
}