alibaba/easyexcel 框架使用

JAVA解析Excel工具easyexcel

Java解析、生成Excel比较有名的框架有Apache poi、jxl。但他们都存在一个严重的问题就是非常的耗内存,poi有一套SAX模式的API可以一定程度的解决一些内存溢出的问题,但POI还是有一些缺陷,比如07版Excel解压缩以及解压后存储都是在内存中完成的,内存消耗依然很大。easyexcel重写了poi对07版Excel的解析,能够原本一个3M的excel用POI sax依然需要100M左右内存降低到KB级别,并且再大的excel不会出现内存溢出,03版依赖POI的sax模式。在上层做了模型转换的封装,让使用者更加简单方便

快速开始

读Excel


    com.alibaba
    easyexcel
    {latestVersion}

读07版小于1000行数据返回List>

List data = EasyExcelFactory.read(inputStream, new Sheet(1, 0));
 
 

读07版小于1000行数据返回List

List data = EasyExcelFactory.read(inputStream, new Sheet(2, 1,JavaModel.class));
 
 

读07版大于1000行数据返回List>

ExcelListener excelListener = new ExcelListener();
EasyExcelFactory.readBySax(inputStream, new Sheet(1, 1), excelListener);

读07版大于1000行数据返回List

ExcelListener excelListener = new ExcelListener();
EasyExcelFactory.readBySax(inputStream, new Sheet(2, 1,JavaModel.class), excelListener);

读03版方法同上

写Excel

没有模板

ExcelWriter writer = EasyExcelFactory.getWriter(out);

//写第一个sheet, sheet1  数据全是List 无模型映射关系
Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 3);
sheet1.setSheetName("第一个sheet");
//设置列宽 设置每列的宽度
Map columnWidth = new HashMap();
columnWidth.put(0,10000);columnWidth.put(1,40000);columnWidth.put(2,10000);columnWidth.put(3,10000);
sheet1.setColumnWidthMap(columnWidth);
sheet1.setHead(createTestListStringHead());
//or 设置自适应宽度
//sheet1.setAutoWidth(Boolean.TRUE);
writer.write1(createTestListObject(), sheet1);

//写第二个sheet sheet2  模型上打有表头的注解,合并单元格
Sheet sheet2 = new Sheet(2, 3, JavaModel1.class, "第二个sheet", null);
sheet2.setTableStyle(createTableStyle());
writer.write(createTestListJavaMode(), sheet2);

//写第三个sheet包含多个table情况
Sheet sheet3 = new Sheet(3, 0);
sheet3.setSheetName("第三个sheet");
Table table1 = new Table(1);
table1.setHead(createTestListStringHead());
writer.write1(createTestListObject(), sheet3, table1);

//写sheet2  模型上打有表头的注解
Table table2 = new Table(2);
table2.setTableStyle(createTableStyle());
table2.setClazz(JavaModel1.class);
writer.write(createTestListJavaMode(), sheet3, table2);

//关闭资源
writer.finish();
out.close();

有模板

OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/Users/jipengfei/2007.xlsx");
ExcelWriter writer = EasyExcelFactory.getWriterWithTemp(inputStream,out,ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX,true);

//写第一个sheet, sheet1  数据全是List 无模型映射关系
Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 3);
sheet1.setSheetName("第一个sheet");
//设置列宽 设置每列的宽度
Map columnWidth = new HashMap();
columnWidth.put(0,10000);columnWidth.put(1,40000);columnWidth.put(2,10000);columnWidth.put(3,10000);
sheet1.setColumnWidthMap(columnWidth);
sheet1.setHead(createTestListStringHead());
//or 设置自适应宽度
//sheet1.setAutoWidth(Boolean.TRUE);
writer.write1(createTestListObject(), sheet1);

//写第二个sheet sheet2  模型上打有表头的注解,合并单元格
Sheet sheet2 = new Sheet(2, 3, JavaModel1.class, "第二个sheet", null);
sheet2.setTableStyle(createTableStyle());
writer.write(createTestListJavaMode(), sheet2);

//写第三个sheet包含多个table情况
Sheet sheet3 = new Sheet(3, 0);
sheet3.setSheetName("第三个sheet");
Table table1 = new Table(1);
table1.setHead(createTestListStringHead());
writer.write1(createTestListObject(), sheet3, table1);

//写sheet2  模型上打有表头的注解
Table table2 = new Table(2);
table2.setTableStyle(createTableStyle());
table2.setClazz(JavaModel1.class);
writer.write(createTestListJavaMode(), sheet3, table2);

//关闭资源
writer.finish();
out.close();

web下载实例写法

public class Down {
    @GetMapping("/a.htm")
    public void cooperation(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
        ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
        ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(out, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX, true);
        String fileName = new String(("UserInfo " + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").format(new Date()))
                .getBytes(), "UTF-8");
        Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 0);
        sheet1.setSheetName("第一个sheet");
        writer.write0(getListString(), sheet1);
        writer.finish();
        response.setContentType("multipart/form-data");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename="+fileName+".xlsx");
        out.flush();
        }
    }
}

easyexcel核心功能

*读任意大小的03、07版Excel不会OO]

*读Excel自动通过注解,把结果映射为java模型

*读Excel支持多sheet

*读Excel时候是否对Excel内容做trim()增加容错

*写小量数据的03版Excel(不要超过2000行)

*写任意大07版Excel不会OOM

*写Excel通过注解将表头自动写入Excel

*写Excel可以自定义Excel样式 如:字体,加粗,表头颜色,数据内容颜色

*写Excel到多个不同sheet

*写Excel时一个sheet可以写多个Table

*写Excel时候自定义是否需要写表头

二方包依赖

使用前最好咨询下最新版,或者到mvn仓库搜索先easyexcel的最新版


    com.alibaba
    easyexcel
    1.0.0-RELEASE

读Excel

使用easyexcel解析03、07版本的Excel只是ExcelTypeEnum不同,其他使用完全相同,使用者无需知道底层解析的差异。

无java模型直接把excel解析的每行结果以List返回 在ExcelListener获取解析结果

读excel代码示例如下:

    @Test
    public void testExcel2003NoModel() {
        InputStream inputStream = getInputStream("loan1.xls");
        try {
            // 解析每行结果在listener中处理
            ExcelListener listener = new ExcelListener();

            ExcelReader excelReader = new ExcelReader(inputStream, ExcelTypeEnum.XLS, null, listener);
            excelReader.read();
        } catch (Exception e) {

        } finally {
            try {
                inputStream.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

ExcelListener示例代码如下:

 /* 解析监听器,
 * 每解析一行会回调invoke()方法。
 * 整个excel解析结束会执行doAfterAllAnalysed()方法
 *
 * 下面只是我写的一个样例而已,可以根据自己的逻辑修改该类。
 * @author jipengfei
 * @date 2017/03/14
 */
public class ExcelListener extends AnalysisEventListener {

    //自定义用于暂时存储data。
    //可以通过实例获取该值
    private List datas = new ArrayList();
    public void invoke(Object object, AnalysisContext context) {
        System.out.println("当前行:"+context.getCurrentRowNum());
        System.out.println(object);
        datas.add(object);//数据存储到list,供批量处理,或后续自己业务逻辑处理。
        doSomething(object);//根据自己业务做处理
    }
    private void doSomething(Object object) {
        //1、入库调用接口
    }
    public void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext context) {
       // datas.clear();//解析结束销毁不用的资源
    }
    public List getDatas() {
        return datas;
    }
    public void setDatas(List datas) {
        this.datas = datas;
    }
}
 
 

有java模型映射

java模型写法如下:

public class LoanInfo extends BaseRowModel {
    @ExcelProperty(index = 0)
    private String bankLoanId;
    
    @ExcelProperty(index = 1)
    private Long customerId;
    
    @ExcelProperty(index = 2,format = "yyyy/MM/dd")
    private Date loanDate;
    
    @ExcelProperty(index = 3)
    private BigDecimal quota;
    
    @ExcelProperty(index = 4)
    private String bankInterestRate;
    
    @ExcelProperty(index = 5)
    private Integer loanTerm;
    
    @ExcelProperty(index = 6,format = "yyyy/MM/dd")
    private Date loanEndDate;
    
    @ExcelProperty(index = 7)
    private BigDecimal interestPerMonth;

    @ExcelProperty(value = {"一级表头","二级表头"})
    private BigDecimal sax;
}

@ExcelProperty(index = 3)数字代表该字段与excel对应列号做映射,也可以采用 @ExcelProperty(value = {"一级表头","二级表头"})用于解决不确切知道excel第几列和该字段映射,位置不固定,但表头的内容知道的情况。

    @Test
    public void testExcel2003WithReflectModel() {
        InputStream inputStream = getInputStream("loan1.xls");
        try {
            // 解析每行结果在listener中处理
            AnalysisEventListener listener = new ExcelListener();

            ExcelReader excelReader = new ExcelReader(inputStream, ExcelTypeEnum.XLS, null, listener);

            excelReader.read(new Sheet(1, 2, LoanInfo.class));
        } catch (Exception e) {

        } finally {
            try {
                inputStream.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }

带模型解析与不带模型解析主要在构造new Sheet(1, 2, LoanInfo.class)时候包含class。Class需要继承BaseRowModel暂时BaseRowModel没有任何内容,后面升级可能会增加一些默认的数据。

写Excel

每行数据是List无表头

  OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/Users/jipengfei/77.xlsx");
        try {
            ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(out, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX,false);
            //写第一个sheet, sheet1  数据全是List 无模型映射关系
            Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 0);
            sheet1.setSheetName("第一个sheet");
            writer.write(getListString(), sheet1);
            writer.finish();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                out.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

每行数据是一个java模型有表头----表头层级为一

生成Excel格式如下图


屏幕快照 2017-06-02 上午9.49.39.png

模型写法如下:

public class ExcelPropertyIndexModel extends BaseRowModel {

    @ExcelProperty(value = "姓名" ,index = 0)
    private String name;

    @ExcelProperty(value = "年龄",index = 1)
    private String age;

    @ExcelProperty(value = "邮箱",index = 2)
    private String email;

    @ExcelProperty(value = "地址",index = 3)
    private String address;

    @ExcelProperty(value = "性别",index = 4)
    private String sax;

    @ExcelProperty(value = "高度",index = 5)
    private String heigh;

    @ExcelProperty(value = "备注",index = 6)
    private String last;
}

@ExcelProperty(value = "姓名",index = 0) value是表头数据,默认会写在excel的表头位置,index代表第几列。

 @Test
    public void test1() throws FileNotFoundException {
        OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/Users/jipengfei/78.xlsx");
        try {
            ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(out, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX);
            //写第一个sheet, sheet1  数据全是List 无模型映射关系
            Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 0,ExcelPropertyIndexModel.class);
            writer.write(getData(), sheet1);
            writer.finish();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                out.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

每行数据是一个java模型有表头----表头层级为多层级

生成Excel格式如下图:


屏幕快照 2017-06-02 上午9.53.07.png

java模型写法如下:

public class MultiLineHeadExcelModel extends BaseRowModel {

    @ExcelProperty(value = {"表头1","表头1","表头31"},index = 0)
    private String p1;

    @ExcelProperty(value = {"表头1","表头1","表头32"},index = 1)
    private String p2;

    @ExcelProperty(value = {"表头3","表头3","表头3"},index = 2)
    private int p3;

    @ExcelProperty(value = {"表头4","表头4","表头4"},index = 3)
    private long p4;

    @ExcelProperty(value = {"表头5","表头51","表头52"},index = 4)
    private String p5;

    @ExcelProperty(value = {"表头6","表头61","表头611"},index = 5)
    private String p6;

    @ExcelProperty(value = {"表头6","表头61","表头612"},index = 6)
    private String p7;

    @ExcelProperty(value = {"表头6","表头62","表头621"},index = 7)
    private String p8;

    @ExcelProperty(value = {"表头6","表头62","表头622"},index = 8)
    private String p9;
}

写Excel写法同上,只需将ExcelPropertyIndexModel.class改为MultiLineHeadExcelModel.class

一个Excel多个sheet写法

 @Test
    public void test1() throws FileNotFoundException {

        OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/Users/jipengfei/77.xlsx");
        try {
            ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(out, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX,false);
            //写第一个sheet, sheet1  数据全是List 无模型映射关系
            Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 0);
            sheet1.setSheetName("第一个sheet");
            writer.write(getListString(), sheet1);

            //写第二个sheet sheet2  模型上打有表头的注解,合并单元格
            Sheet sheet2 = new Sheet(2, 3, MultiLineHeadExcelModel.class, "第二个sheet", null);
            sheet2.setTableStyle(getTableStyle1());
            writer.write(getModeldatas(), sheet2);

            //写sheet3  模型上没有注解,表头数据动态传入
            List> head = new ArrayList>();
            List headCoulumn1 = new ArrayList();
            List headCoulumn2 = new ArrayList();
            List headCoulumn3 = new ArrayList();
            headCoulumn1.add("第一列");
            headCoulumn2.add("第二列");
            headCoulumn3.add("第三列");
            head.add(headCoulumn1);
            head.add(headCoulumn2);
            head.add(headCoulumn3);
            Sheet sheet3 = new Sheet(3, 1, NoAnnModel.class, "第三个sheet", head);
            writer.write(getNoAnnModels(), sheet3);
            writer.finish();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                out.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

一个sheet中有多个表格

@Test
    public void test2() throws FileNotFoundException {
        OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/Users/jipengfei/77.xlsx");
        try {
            ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(out, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX,false);

            //写sheet1  数据全是List 无模型映射关系
            Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 0);
            sheet1.setSheetName("第一个sheet");
            Table table1 = new Table(1);
            writer.write(getListString(), sheet1, table1);
            writer.write(getListString(), sheet1, table1);

            //写sheet2  模型上打有表头的注解
            Table table2 = new Table(2);
            table2.setTableStyle(getTableStyle1());
            table2.setClazz(MultiLineHeadExcelModel.class);
            writer.write(getModeldatas(), sheet1, table2);

            //写sheet3  模型上没有注解,表头数据动态传入,此情况下模型field顺序与excel现实顺序一致
            List> head = new ArrayList>();
            List headCoulumn1 = new ArrayList();
            List headCoulumn2 = new ArrayList();
            List headCoulumn3 = new ArrayList();
            headCoulumn1.add("第一列");
            headCoulumn2.add("第二列");
            headCoulumn3.add("第三列");
            head.add(headCoulumn1);
            head.add(headCoulumn2);
            head.add(headCoulumn3);
            Table table3 = new Table(3);
            table3.setHead(head);
            table3.setClazz(NoAnnModel.class);
            table3.setTableStyle(getTableStyle2());
            writer.write(getNoAnnModels(), sheet1, table3);
            writer.write(getNoAnnModels(), sheet1, table3);

            writer.finish();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                out.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

测试数据分析

alibaba/easyexcel 框架使用_第1张图片
POI usermodel PK easyexcel(Excel 2003).png

alibaba/easyexcel 框架使用_第2张图片
POI usermodel PK easyexcel(Excel 2007).png

alibaba/easyexcel 框架使用_第3张图片
POI usermodel PK easyexcel(Excel 2003) (1).png

alibaba/easyexcel 框架使用_第4张图片
POI usermodel PK easyexcel(Excel 2007) (1).png

从上面的性能测试可以看出easyexcel在解析耗时上比poiuserModel模式弱了一些。主要原因是我内部采用了反射做模型字段映射,中间我也加了cache,但感觉这点差距可以接受的。但在内存消耗上差别就比较明显了,easyexcel在后面文件再增大,内存消耗几乎不会增加了。但poi userModel就不一样了,简直就要爆掉了。想想一个excel解析200M,同时有20个人再用估计一台机器就挂了。

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