ETH私链
更新于：2019-11-07
ETH私链
- 搭建私链
- 下载安装
- 准备创世区块配置文件
- 初始化创世区块
- 常用命令
- 启动geth
- 创建账户
- 查看地址列表
- 查询账户余额
- 挖矿
- 停止挖矿
- 解锁账户
- 转账
- 查询交易状态
- 处理交易
- 获取区块高度
- 查看区块
- 代币转账
- 运行JS控制台
- 部署合约
- 已存在的合约
- 编译合约（以PAX为例）
- 下载合约源码
- 安装环境
- node.js
- truffle
- 编译
- 配置
- truffle compile
- 部署
更多区块链信息可查看：https://blog.csdn.net/ted_sky/article/details/102932065
搭建私链
下载安装
https://gethstore.blob.core.windows.net/builds/geth-windows-amd64-1.8.27-4bcc0a37.exe
生成两个文件
准备创世区块配置文件
genesis.json
{
"config": {
"chainId": 22222,
"homesteadBlock": 0,
"eip155Block": 0,
"eip158Block": 0
},
"coinbase" : "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"difficulty" : "0x01",
"extraData" : "",
"gasLimit" : "0xffffffff",
"nonce" : "0x0000000000000042",
"mixhash" : "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"parentHash" : "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"timestamp" : "0x00",
"alloc": { }
}
| 初始化命令 | 作用 |
|---|---|
| mixhash | 与nonce配合用于挖矿，由上一个区块的一部分生成的hash |
| nonce | nonce就是一个64位随机数，用于挖矿 |
| difficulty | 设置当前区块的难度，如果难度过大，cpu挖矿就很难，这里设置较小难度 |
| alloc | 用来预置账号以及账号的以太币数量，因为私有链挖矿比较容易，所以我们不需要预置有币的账号，需要的时候自己创建即可以 |
| coinbase | 矿工的账号，随便填 |
| timestamp | 设置创世块的时间戳 |
| parentHash | 上一个区块的hash值，因为是创世块，所以这个值是0 |
| extraData | 附加信息，随便填，可以填你的个性信息 |
| gasLimit | 该值设置对GAS的消耗总量限制，用来限制区块能包含的交易信息总和，因为我们是私有链，所以填最大 |
初始化创世区块
geth --datadir "D:\Tool\ETH\data" init "D:\Tool\ETH\genesis.json" console
如果在执行上面的命令报错，先删除原来的创世块geth removedb --datadir data
初始化成功后，会在数据目录 data 中生成 geth 和 keystore 两个文件夹，此时目录结构如下：
常用命令
启动geth
geth --datadir "D:\Tool\ETH\data" console --rpc
创建账户
personal.newAccount('Your Password')
> personal.newAccount("1")
"0x12a97a88c217890aea39918b989b7ae1027295ad"
查看地址列表
> eth.accounts
["0x12a97a88c217890aea39918b989b7ae1027295ad", "0x0dd6f494848afd8cb6e9bb29335edbc341cac7b9"]
查询账户余额
eth.getBalance(eth.accounts[0])
> eth.getBalance(eth.accounts[0])
0
挖矿
miner.start()
停止挖矿
miner.stop()
解锁账户
personal.unlockAccount(eth.accounts[0])
> personal.unlockAccount(eth.accounts[0])
Unlock account 0x12a97a88c217890aea39918b989b7ae1027295ad
Passphrase:
true
转账
eth.sendTransaction({from:eth.accounts[0], to:eth.accounts[1], value:1000})
查询交易状态
> txpool.status
{
pending: 1,
queued: 0
}
其中有一条pending的交易，pending表示已提交但还未被处理的交易。
处理交易
要使交易被处理，必须要挖矿。这里我们启动挖矿，然后等待挖到一个区块之后就停止挖矿：
miner.start(1);admin.sleepBlocks(1);miner.stop();
获取区块高度
> eth.blockNumber
58
查看区块
eth.getBlock(57)
代币转账
eth.sendTransaction({from:eth.accounts[0], to:"0xbF584dd2094c0807d5FAb99c77c6b9cC7423Ef14", value:0, data:"0xa9059cbb000000000000000000000000bf584dd2094c0807d5fab99c77c6b9cc7423ef1400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ad78ebc5ac6200000"})
运行JS控制台
geth attach ipc:\\.\pipe\geth.ipc
部署合约
已存在的合约
获取合约内容：https://etherscan.io/address/0x8e870d67f660d95d5be530380d0ec0bd388289e1#
abi=[{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"newImplementation","type":"address"}],"name":"upgradeTo","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"newImplementation","type":"address"},{"name":"data","type":"bytes"}],"name":"upgradeToAndCall","outputs":[],"payable":true,"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"implementation","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"newAdmin","type":"address"}],"name":"changeAdmin","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"admin","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"name":"_implementation","type":"address"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"},{"payable":true,"stateMutability":"payable","type":"fallback"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"name":"previousAdmin","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"newAdmin","type":"address"}],"name":"AdminChanged","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"name":"implementation","type":"address"}],"name":"Upgraded","type":"event"}]
code="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"
myContract=eth.contract(abi)
personal.unlockAccount(eth.accounts[0])
contract=myContract.new({from:eth.accounts[0],data:code,gas:1000000})
> contract
{
abi: [{
constant: false,
inputs: [{...}],
name: "upgradeTo",
outputs: [],
payable: false,
stateMutability: "nonpayable",
type: "function"
}, {
constant: false,
inputs: [{...}, {...}],
name: "upgradeToAndCall",
outputs: [],
payable: true,
stateMutability: "payable",
type: "function"
}, {
constant: true,
inputs: [],
name: "implementation",
outputs: [{...}],
payable: false,
stateMutability: "view",
type: "function"
}, {
constant: false,
inputs: [{...}],
name: "changeAdmin",
outputs: [],
payable: false,
stateMutability: "nonpayable",
type: "function"
}, {
constant: true,
inputs: [],
name: "admin",
outputs: [{...}],
payable: false,
stateMutability: "view",
type: "function"
}, {
inputs: [{...}],
payable: false,
stateMutability: "nonpayable",
type: "constructor"
}, {
payable: true,
stateMutability: "payable",
type: "fallback"
}, {
anonymous: false,
inputs: [{...}, {...}],
name: "AdminChanged",
type: "event"
}, {
anonymous: false,
inputs: [{...}],
name: "Upgraded",
type: "event"
}],
address: undefined,
transactionHash: "0xc3fa3a24b39a116717e89f9c3a44fc69a4b620f1a352173580baa759b661e51d"
}
查交易：
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id":1,
"method": "eth_getTransactionReceipt",
"params": ["0xc3fa3a24b39a116717e89f9c3a44fc69a4b620f1a352173580baa759b661e51d"]
}
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 1,
"result": {
"blockHash": "0x9de2bcfaa9c24789470746f4f4f50404695142cf1c207757b941edbebd3f19c3",
"blockNumber": "0x55d",
"contractAddress": "0xc5c2f2302562498c5d94dc50fd9d4aaaa97a9932",
"cumulativeGasUsed": "0xf4240",
"from": "0x12a97a88c217890aea39918b989b7ae1027295ad",
"gasUsed": "0xf4240",
"logs": [],
"logsBloom": "0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"root": "0x809324d522480ba4ce3aa54b10465255e4919294b81a5605c3c2023e2f87de8e",
"to": null,
"transactionHash": "0xc3fa3a24b39a116717e89f9c3a44fc69a4b620f1a352173580baa759b661e51d",
"transactionIndex": "0x0"
}
}
无法调用合约时：contract = web3.eth.contract(abi).at(“0xc5c2f2302562498c5d94dc50fd9d4aaaa97a9932”)
contract.方法名称()
编译合约（以PAX为例）
下载合约源码
https://github.com/paxosglobal/pax-contracts
安装环境
node.js
下载：https://nodejs.org/zh-cn/
查看版本：node -v
truffle
npm install -g truffle
npm install truffle-hdwallet-provider
编译
配置
- 将truffle.js重命名为truffle-config.js
truffle compile
出现如下报错
将D:\Tool\ETH\pax-contracts-master\contracts下的所有sol文件的pragma solidity ^0.4.28修改为pragma solidity >=0.4.21 <0.6.0;
出现如下报错
将D:\Tool\ETH\pax-contracts-master\contracts下的所有sol文件的pragma experimental "v0.5.0"注释
删除文件AdminUpgradeabilityProxy.sol及相关内容
部署
启动geth需要开启rpc，需要挖矿，需要解锁账户。
部署truffle migrate，执行命令后，会输出“Deploying Migrations…”，表示正在进行部署。
查看合约地址
0x79d1b1ab89e1a7bca51016e7c26410d147f8011dffa1711e362ffdaa89a88321
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id":1,
"method": "eth_getTransactionReceipt",
"params": ["0x79d1b1ab89e1a7bca51016e7c26410d147f8011dffa1711e362ffdaa89a88321"]
}
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 1,
"result": {
"blockHash": "0x8b54f351e61ed4343245c026e667fef9ec4bcc5176b5939d9ed5defd2f53f6fa",
"blockNumber": "0x8f",
"contractAddress": "0xc93a31c34c9517b8eb24173c9448a94a4f94c22f",
"cumulativeGasUsed": "0x44872",
"from": "0xbf584dd2094c0807d5fab99c77c6b9cc7423ef14",
"gasUsed": "0x22439",
"logs": [],
"logsBloom": "0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"root": "0x706ea99b03604cad4b0ebe9b1fc9aec4bfede7b8ba3f826e9baf77c4cf70f854",
"to": null,
"transactionHash": "0x79d1b1ab89e1a7bca51016e7c26410d147f8011dffa1711e362ffdaa89a88321",
"transactionIndex": "0x1"
}
}
Deploying 'Migrations'
----------------------
> block number: 145
> block timestamp: 1562742148
> account: 0xbF584dd2094c0807d5FAb99c77c6b9cC7423Ef14
> balance: 714.999999999999858655
> gas used: 140345
> gas price: 0.000000001 gwei
> value sent: 0 ETH
> total cost: 0.000000000000140345 ETH
-------------------------------------
> Total cost: 0.000000000000140345 ETH