spring-data-redis连接操作redis
Java连接redis的客户端有很多，其中比较常用的是Jedis. (参考：redis client)
spring-data-redis则是对Jedis进行了高度封装，使用起来非常方便。下面就以代码为例说明spring-data-redis的使用。
整个项目使用maven管理jar包，pom文件如下：
4.0.0
com.snow
redis-test
0.0.1
jar
redis-test
http://maven.apache.org
UTF-8
4.3.2.RELEASE
1.7.12
1.2.17
4.12
1.7.2.RELEASE
org.springframework
spring-context
${spring.version}
org.springframework
spring-test
${spring.version}
test
redis.clients
jedis
2.5.0
jar
org.springframework.data
spring-data-redis
${spring-data-redis.version}
jar
log4j
log4j
${log4j.version}
org.slf4j
slf4j-log4j12
${slf4j.version}
org.slf4j
slf4j-api
${slf4j.version}
junit
junit
${junit.version}
test
配置spring-data-redis如下application-context-redis.xml：
在application-context-redis.xml这个配置文件中还需要用到redis的host和port信息，我们可以配置一个文件properties文件如下：redis.properties
redis.hostName=127.0.0.1
redis.port=6379
classpath:redis.properties
public interface RedisService {
public void setStr(String key, String value);
public String getStr(String key);
public void rPushList(String key, String value);
public String lPopList(String key);
public void delKey(String key);
}@Service(value = "redisService")
public class RedisServiceImpl extends AbstractRedisDao implements RedisService {
@Override
public void setStr(String key, String value) {
getRedisTemplate().opsForValue().set(key, value);
}
@Override
public String getStr(String key) {
return getRedisTemplate().opsForValue().get(key);
}
@Override
public void rPushList(String key, String value) {
getRedisTemplate().opsForList().rightPush(key, value);
}
@Override
public String lPopList(String key) {
return getRedisTemplate().opsForList().leftPop(key);
}
@Override
public void delKey(String key) {
getRedisTemplate().delete(key);
}
} public abstract class AbstractRedisDao {
@Autowired
protected RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
// 设置redisTemplate
public void setRedisTemplate(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
}
public RedisTemplate getRedisTemplate() {
return redisTemplate;
}
} public class RedisServiceTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RedisServiceTest.class);
@Resource
private RedisService redisService;
@Test
public void testSetStr() {
String key = "test";
String value = "valuetest";
redisService.setStr(key, value);
}
@Test
public void testGetStr() {
String key = "test";
String value = redisService.getStr(key);
logger.info("The value is {}", value);
}
@Test
public void testRPushList() {
String key = "list";
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
redisService.rPushList(key, String.valueOf(i));
}
}
@Test
public void testLPopList() {
String key = "list";
for(int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
String value = redisService.lPopList(key);
logger.info("lpop value is {}", value);
}
}
@Test
public void testDelKey() {
String key = "list";
redisService.delKey(key);
}
}
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:application-context.xml"})
public abstract class AbstractUnitTest {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AbstractUnitTest.class);
// @Test
// public void stub() {
// logger.info("msg from abstract unit test, just ignore this.");
// }
@After
public void teardown() throws InterruptedException {
logger.info("unit test complete.");
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(500);// 因为有些测试是需要异步插入操作记录的，sleep一下等待线程结束
}
}主要的代码就这些了，运行下可以看到结果是没有问题的。下面我摘抄一段打印输出说明一个问题：
016-08-02 20:43:16,608 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:125 - Opening RedisConnection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,609 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:205 - Closing Redis Connection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,610 INFO RedisServiceTest:54 - lpop value is 0
2016-08-02 20:43:16,610 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:125 - Opening RedisConnection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,611 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:205 - Closing Redis Connection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,611 INFO RedisServiceTest:54 - lpop value is 1
2016-08-02 20:43:16,611 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:125 - Opening RedisConnection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,611 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:205 - Closing Redis Connection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,612 INFO RedisServiceTest:54 - lpop value is 2
2016-08-02 20:43:16,612 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:125 - Opening RedisConnection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,612 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:205 - Closing Redis Connection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,612 INFO RedisServiceTest:54 - lpop value is 3
2016-08-02 20:43:16,612 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:125 - Opening RedisConnection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,613 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:205 - Closing Redis Connection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,613 INFO RedisServiceTest:54 - lpop value is 4
2016-08-02 20:43:16,613 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:125 - Opening RedisConnection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,613 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:205 - Closing Redis Connection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,613 INFO RedisServiceTest:54 - lpop value is 5
2016-08-02 20:43:16,613 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:125 - Opening RedisConnection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,614 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:205 - Closing Redis Connection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,614 INFO RedisServiceTest:54 - lpop value is 6
2016-08-02 20:43:16,614 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:125 - Opening RedisConnection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,614 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:205 - Closing Redis Connection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,618 INFO RedisServiceTest:54 - lpop value is 7
2016-08-02 20:43:16,618 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:125 - Opening RedisConnection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,618 DEBUG RedisConnectionUtils:205 - Closing Redis Connection
2016-08-02 20:43:16,618 INFO RedisServiceTest:54 - lpop value is 8
2016-08-02 20:43:16,618 INFO AbstractUnitTest:34 - unit test complete.这段输出是运行testLPopList得到的，这里面opening RedisConnection进行了9次，然后又Closing Redis Connection 9次，这是不是说每次执行redis操作都需要创建一个连接，操作完然后又关闭连接呢？实际上不是这样的，阅读源代码我们可以发现我们对redis的所有操作都是通过回调execute函数执行的，其代码如下：
public T execute(RedisCallback action, boolean exposeConnection) {
return execute(action, exposeConnection, false);
}
// execute实现如下：
// org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate --- 最终实现
public T execute(RedisCallback action, boolean exposeConnection, boolean pipeline) {
Assert.isTrue(initialized, "template not initialized; call afterPropertiesSet() before using it");
Assert.notNull(action, "Callback object must not be null");
RedisConnectionFactory factory = getConnectionFactory();
RedisConnection conn = null;
try {
if (enableTransactionSupport) {
// only bind resources in case of potential transaction synchronization
conn = RedisConnectionUtils.bindConnection(factory, enableTransactionSupport);
} else {
conn = RedisConnectionUtils.getConnection(factory);
}
boolean existingConnection = TransactionSynchronizationManager.hasResource(factory);
RedisConnection connToUse = preProcessConnection(conn, existingConnection);
boolean pipelineStatus = connToUse.isPipelined();
if (pipeline && !pipelineStatus) {
connToUse.openPipeline();
}
RedisConnection connToExpose = (exposeConnection ? connToUse : createRedisConnectionProxy(connToUse));
T result = action.doInRedis(connToExpose);
// close pipeline
if (pipeline && !pipelineStatus) {
connToUse.closePipeline();
}
// TODO: any other connection processing?
return postProcessResult(result, connToUse, existingConnection);
} finally {
if (!enableTransactionSupport) {
RedisConnectionUtils.releaseConnection(conn, factory);
}
}
} 这里面每次执行action.doInRedis(connToExpose)前都要调用RedisConnectionUtils.getConnection(factory);获得一个连接，进入RedisConnnectionUtils类中，getConnection(factory)最终调用的是doGetConnection(factory, true, false, enableTranactionSupport)这个函数。这个函数我们可以看下api文档，发现实际上并不是真的创建一个新的redis连接，它只是在connectFactory中获取一个连接，也就是从连接池中取出一个连接。当然如果connectFactory没有连接可用，此时如果allowCreate=true便会创建出一个新的连接，并且加入到connectFactory中。
基本上可以确定真实的情况是spring-data-redis已经帮我们封装了连接池管理，我们只需要调用一系列操作函数即可，这给操作redis带来了极大的方便。
最后附上本文源代码：redis-test