微机实验之电子琴制作

微机实验之电子琴制作

http://blog.csdn.net/u012062327

一、实验目的

       (1)学习、掌握部分DOS功能调用使用方法；

       (2)学习用8254使蜂鸣器发声的编程方法；

       (3)学习LED点阵扫描显示程序的设计方法。

二、实验设备

       PC机一台，TD-PIT++实验装置一套

三、实验内容及原理

      1)内容：用户在键盘输入1--7，蜂鸣器则发出do--si音符；在键盘上输入A--G则可选择A--G调；在LED点阵显示音符（do--si）。

      2) 原理：

           a) DOS功能调用（INT 21H）

              显示字符串              入口：AH=09H;   调用参数：DS:DX=串地址，‘$’为结束字符

              键盘输入并回显       入口：AH=01H;   返回参数：AL=输出字符

                  

           b) 8254中的计数器工作在方式3(方波发生器 )，计数器的初值不同，就可产生不同频率的方波，用这些方                         波信号来驱动蜂鸣器就可得到do--si音

                  

           c) LED点阵为16X16共阴极

四、实验步骤

      (1)实验板接线

      (2)利用取模软件，获得do--si的字库文件

      (3)画流程图、编写程序

      实验程序：

INCLUDE yinyue.inc  
.386P
      IOY1           EQU   3040H
      IOY0           EQU   3000H         ;片选IOY0对应的端口始地址
MY8254_COUNT0  EQU   IOY0+00H*4   ;8254计数器0端口地址
MY8254_COUNT1  EQU   IOY0+01H*4   ;8254计数器1端口地址
MY8254_COUNT2  EQU   IOY0+02H*4   ;8254计数器2端口地址
MY8254_MODE    EQU   IOY0+03H*4   ;8254控制寄存器端口地址
                              
STACK1 SEGMENT STACK
        DW 256 DUP(?)
STACK1 ENDS
             
DATA SEGMENT USE16
        A  DW   0,441,495,556,589,661,742,833  
        B  DW   0,495,556,624,661,742,833,935
        C  DW   0,262,294,330,350,393,441,495 
        D  DW   0,294,330,371,393,441,495,556
        E  DW   0,371,416,441,467,525,589,661
        F  DW   0,350,393,441,467,525,589,661
        G  DW   0,393,441,495,525,589,661,742  
     
      MES1 DB  '--usage:',0AH,0DH,'  first, you should input A,B...or G to chose the tone' ,0AH,0DH,'  second,click 1(do) ..7(si)to play music',0AH,0DH,'  third,if you want to quit playing,please click ESC or click ENTER to chose the tone again',0AH,0DH,, '$'
      STR1 DB  'please input  A,B,C,D,E,F, 0R G',0AH,0DH, '$'
      STR2 DB  0AH,0DH,'you can play music',0AH,0DH, '$' 
      B1   DW  0
      ADDR DW  0
      YIN  DW  0
      LB   DB  ?
DATA ENDS

CODE SEGMENT USE16
     ASSUME  CS:CODE,DS:DATA

START: MOV 	AX,DATA
       MOV	DS,AX

       MOV  DX,OFFSET MES1         ;show message
	   MOV	AH,09H		
	   INT 	21H	
     
      MOV ADDR,OFFSET HZDOT 
                 
BEGIN:MOV DX,OFFSET STR1
      MOV AH,09H
      INT 21H              ;输出字符串1 
      
      MOV SI,OFFSET A     ;装入频率表A起始地址
      
      MOV AH,01H
      INT 21H  
      
      AND AL,0FH 
      SUB AL,1    
      MOV BL,16
      MUL BL
      ADD SI,AX           ;A..G起始地址
      MOV B1,SI 
                 
      MOV DX,OFFSET STR2
      MOV AH,09H
      INT 21H              ;输出字符串2

PLAY: MOV DX,MY8254_MODE          ;初始化8254工作方式
      MOV AL,36H                  ;定时器0、方式3
      OUT DX,AL

      MOV AH,01H
      INT 21H
                                 ;读取键盘上输入的数字
      CMP AL,27
      JZ QUIT                    ;ESC的时候退出
      
      CMP AL,13                  ;点击ENTER ,选调
      JZ  BEGIN
       
      AND AL,0FH
      MOV BL,AL
      SUB BL,1
      MOV LB,BL
      
      XOR AH,AH                ;获得哪个音1-7
      MOV BL,2
      MUL BL 
      ADD SI,AX                 ;把偏移量给SI
          
     
      MOV DX,0FH                  ;输入时钟为1.0416667MHz，1.0416667M = 0FE502H  
      MOV AX,0E502H  
     
      DIV WORD PTR [SI]       ;取出频率值计算计数初值，0F4240H / 输出频率  
      MOV DX,MY8254_COUNT0
      OUT DX,AL                   ;装入计数初值
      MOV AL,AH
      OUT DX,AL  
       
      
      XOR AH,AH
      MOV AL,LB
      MOV BL,32
      MUL BL
      MOV YIN,AX
      CALL DALLY
      
      MOV AX,ADDR
      ADD AX,YIN
      MOV SI,AX
      MOV  CX,29H          ;控制一屏显示时间
LOOP2:CALL DSPLMSC
      SUB  SI,32  
      LOOP LOOP2
      MOV DX,MY8254_MODE
      MOV AL,01H
      OUT DX,AL 
      MOV SI,B1
      JMP PLAY
      
               
QUIT: MOV DX,MY8254_MODE       ;设置8254为方式0，out0置0
      MOV AL,10H
      OUT DX,AL
      MOV AX,4C00H                ;结束程序退出
      INT 21H

DALLY PROC                        ;延时子程序
D0:   MOV CX,0F00H
D1:   MOV AX,0FFFFH
D2:   DEC AX
      JNZ D2
      LOOP D1
      JNZ D0
      RET
DALLY ENDP

DALLY1 PROC
      MOV AX,0FFFFH
      D3: DEC AX
          JNZ D3
      RET
DALLY1 ENDP

DSPLMSC PROC	;显示 1 屏汉字子程序	
        PUSH	CX		
        MOV CX,16		
        MOV	BX,0FFFEH		
LOOP1:  MOV  AL,BYTE PTR[SI] 
        MOV  AH,BYTE PTR[SI+1]
        ROL  EAX,16
        MOV  AX,BX 
        ADD  SI,2
        ROL  BX,1
        NOT  EAX
        MOV  DX,IOY1
        OUT  DX,EAX 
        CALL DALLY1
L1:     LOOP LOOP1
        POP  CX     
            
        RET
DSPLMSC ENDP      
       
CODE  ENDS
      END START

yinyue.inc

DATA SEGMENT
C444F  EQU  00000H;DO 
C5245  EQU  C444F+1;RE 
C4D49  EQU  C5245+1;MI 
C4641  EQU  C4D49+1;FA 
C534F  EQU  C4641+1;SO 
C4C41  EQU  C534F+1;LA 
C5349  EQU  C4C41+1;SI 

HZDOT:
;DO   C444F
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,01FH,01CH,036H,036H,066H,063H,066H,063H,066H,063H,066H,063H
DB 066H,063H,066H,063H,036H,036H,01FH,01CH,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H

;RE   C5245
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,03FH,07FH,066H,066H,066H,046H,066H,016H,03EH,01EH,036H,016H
DB 066H,006H,066H,046H,066H,066H,067H,07FH,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H

;MI   C4D49
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,063H,03CH,077H,018H,07FH,018H,07FH,018H,06BH,018H,063H,018H
DB 063H,018H,063H,018H,063H,018H,063H,03CH,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H

;FA   C4641
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,07FH,008H,066H,01CH,046H,036H,016H,063H,01EH,063H,016H,07FH
DB 006H,063H,006H,063H,006H,063H,00FH,063H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H

;SO   C534F
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,03EH,01CH,063H,036H,063H,063H,006H,063H,01CH,063H,030H,063H
DB 060H,063H,063H,063H,063H,036H,03EH,01CH,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H

;LA   C4C41
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,00FH,008H,006H,01CH,006H,036H,006H,063H,006H,063H,006H,07FH
DB 006H,063H,046H,063H,066H,063H,07FH,063H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H

;SI   C5349
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,03EH,03CH,063H,018H,063H,018H,006H,018H,01CH,018H,030H,018H
DB 060H,018H,063H,018H,063H,018H,03EH,03CH,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H

DATA ENDS