词根词缀

词根dic和dict

Addict[n]/'ædɪkt/

ad-=to 朝、向;dict=to say 说

→to say something repeatedly 一再说某事物

→迷恋

迷恋某活动的人,即对…着迷的人

My nephew is a complete video gameaddict.(LDOCE5)

我侄子绝对是个电子游戏迷。

迷恋毒品的人,即瘾君子

The famous Brazil soccer star ruined his future when he became a drugaddict.(其他来源)

那位著名的巴西球星变成了瘾君子,毁掉了自己的前程。

Addiction[n]

/ə'dɪkʃ(ə)n/

-ion=the state 表状态,构成名词

入迷

I discovered anaddictionto housework which I had never felt before.(CCAD3)

我发现自己迷上了做家务,之前我从没有这种感觉。

毒瘾

drug / heroin / alcoholaddiction(LDOCE5)

毒瘾/海洛因瘾/酒瘾

Addicted[adj]

/ə'dɪktɪd/

-ed=characterized by 以……为特征的,构成形容词

对……着迷的

She had becomeaddictedto golf.(CCAD3)

她已经迷上高尔夫球。

有毒瘾的

Many of the women areaddictedto heroin and cocaine.(CCAD3)

这些女人中很多人都吸食海洛因和可卡因成瘾了。

Addictive[adj]

/ə'dɪktɪv/

ad-=to 朝、向;dict=to say 说;-ive=having the quality of 有……性质的,构成形容词

→saying something repeatedly 一再说某事物的

→迷恋的

形容使人迷恋的活动等,即令人入迷的

It started as a hobby, but it got soaddictiveI had to keep on doing it.(LDOCE5)

开始时只是爱好,但它让人如此着迷,我只得继续下去。

形容使人迷恋的毒品等,即令人成瘾的

Crack is the mostaddictivedrug on the market.(CCAD3)

强效纯可卡因是市面上最容易让人上瘾的毒品。

Contradict[n]

/kɒntrə'dɪkt/

contra-=against 对抗;dict=to say 说

→to say against 反对

→对立

人表达反对立场,即反驳

All evening her husbandcontradictedeverything she said.(OALD7)

整个晚上她说什么丈夫都跟她拌嘴。

事物(陈述/证据)形成对立关系,即与……相矛盾

Recent evidence has tended tocontradictestablished theories on this subject.(CALD3)

关于这一问题,最近发现的证据与既存理论有相抵触的倾向。

Contradiction[n]

/kɒntrə'dɪkʃ(ə)n/

-ion=the quality 表性质,构成名词

矛盾

The militants see nocontradictionin using violence to bring about a religious state.(CCAD3)

好战者觉得用暴力建立一个宗教国家这种做法并无矛盾之处。

contradictory[adj]

/kɒntrə'dɪkt(ə)rɪ/

contra-=against 对抗;dict=to say 说;-ory=related to 与……有关的,构成形容词

→to say against 反对的

→对立

形容事实/想法/立场等形成对立关系,即互相矛盾的

Customs officials have made a series ofcontradictorystatements about the equipment.(CCAD3)

海关官员们对这种设备作出了一系列互相矛盾的陈述。

Dedicate[v]

/'dedɪkeɪt/

de-=off 离;dic=to say 说;-ate=to do 做

→to say that sth will be given away 宣称将献出

→奉献

将时间精力奉献给某项事业,即献身于

The new President said she woulddedicateherself to protecting the rights of the old, the sick and the homeless.(CALD3)

新任总统说她将致力于保护老人、病人和无家可归者的权利。

把文艺作品奉献给某人,即把……献给

Shededicatedher first album to Woody Allen.(CCAD3)

她把自己的第一张专辑献给了伍迪•艾伦。

以建筑物纪念某人的奉献,即为……举行落成典礼/命名典礼

The church wasdedicatedon 1st March 1805 to the local Saint Jude.(CALD3)

教堂于1805年3月1日落成以纪念当地的圣裘德。

Dedicated[adj]

/'dedɪkeɪtɪd/

de-=away 离;dic=to say 说;-ate=to do 做,-ed=characterized by 以……为特征的,构成形容词

→saying that sth will be given away 宣称将献出

→致力于

形容人致力于投身某事业的,即满腔热忱的

Her great-grandfather had clearly been adedicatedand stoical traveler.(CCAD3)

她的曾祖父显然是一位非常投入而且坚忍不拔的旅行爱好者。

形容物致力于发挥某用途的,即专用的

Such areas should also be served bydedicatedcycle routes.(CCAD3)

这些区域也应该设专门的自行车道。

Dedication[n]

/dedɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n/

de-=off 离;dic=to say 说;-ate=to do 做;-ion=the action, result or the state 表行为、结果或状态,构成名词

→to say that sth will be given away 宣称将献出

→奉献

奉献

She thanked the staff for theirdedicationand enthusiasm.(CALD3)

她感谢全体员工的奉献精神和工作热情。

献词

Thededicationat the front of the book read 'For my Father'.(CALD3)

书前面的致谢辞中写道:“献给我的父亲”。

落成典礼

Some 250 guests attended thededicationceremony.(LDOCE5)

约有250位来宾参加了奉献典礼。

Dictate

/dɪk'teɪt/

dict=to say 说;-ate=to make 使……

→to say something to someone and make him/her write it down 对某人说某事并让其写下

→要求某人做某事

对某人说某事并让其写下,即口述,使听写 v

She’sdictatinga letter to her secretary right now.(LDOCE5)

她现在正给秘书口述一封信。

口述要求时的动作,即命令 n&v

The media cannot be allowed todictateto the government.(LDOCE5)

不能让媒体对政府发号施令。

We have followed thedictatesof our consciences and have done our duty.(CCAD3)

我们遵从了自己的良知,尽到了自己的义务。

口述命令后的结果,即支配,影响 v

The film's budgetdictateda tough schedule.(CCAD3)

影片的预算决定了拍摄进度会很紧张。

Dictation[n]

/dɪk'teɪʃ(ə)n/

dict=to say 说;-ate=to do 做;-ion=the action 表行为,构成名词

→to say something to someone对某人说某事

对某人说某事,使记录,即口述,听写

He had had an arm amputated and relied on her to take down his books fromdictation.(CCAD3)

他的一只胳膊截掉了,只能口述书的内容让她来记录。

对某人说某事,使执行,即命令

The Europeans, while keen for partnership with the US, would not acceptdictation.(CCAD3)

欧洲虽然很想与美国建立伙伴关系,但不会接受其对自己发号施令。

Edict[n]

/'iːdɪkt/

e-=out 向外;dict=to say 说

→something said by the authorities to the outside 当权者向外喊的话

→当权者发布的命令

权威对外发布的命令,即敕令,法令

Most shops are ignoring the government'sedictagainst Sunday trading.(CALD3)

大多数商店对政府禁止星期天营业的法令都置之不理。

Edict[n]

/'iːdɪkt/

e-=out 向外;dict=to say 说

→something said by the authorities to the outside 当权者向外喊的话

→当权者发布的命令

权威对外发布的命令,即敕令,法令

Most shops are ignoring the government'sedictagainst Sunday trading.(CALD3)

大多数商店对政府禁止星期天营业的法令都置之不理。

Indict[v]

/ɪn'daɪt/

in-=in 在(某方面);dict=to say 说

→to say someone’s crime 诉说某人的罪行,即谴责

现多指通过法律途径说某人罪行,即指控

He was laterindictedon corruption charges.(CCAD3)

他后来被指控贪污。

Indictment[n]

/ɪn'daɪtm(ə)nt/

in-=in 在(某方面);dict=to say 说;-ment=the action 表行为,构成名词

→the action of saying someone’s crime 诉说某人的罪行,即谴责

借用道德准则说某人恶行,即谴责

This seems to me to be a damningindictmentof education policy.(CALD3)

我觉得这似乎应看作是对教育政策的一种深刻谴责。

通过法律途径说某人罪行,即起诉,起诉书

Prosecutors may soon seek anindictmenton racketeering and fraud charges.(CCAD3)

检举官可能不久就会以敲诈勒索与欺诈罪名提起诉讼。

The government'sindictmentagainst the three men alleged unlawful trading.(CCAD3)

政府在对这三个人的起诉书中指控他们从事非法贸易。

Jurisdiction[n]

/,dʒʊərɪs'dɪkʃ(ə)n/

juris(jus)=law 法律法规;dict=to say 说;-ion=the state 表状态

→the state of being able to say by law 根据法律发言

解释法律的权力,即司法权,管辖权

An industrial tribunal has nojurisdictionto decide whether an employee was fairly or unfairly dismissed.(CCAD3)

劳资仲裁法庭无权判定解雇是否正当。

执行法律的范围,即管辖区域

As the killings took place outside Britishjurisdiction, the Ministry of Defence could not be held liable.(CCAD3)

谋杀案发生在英国司法管辖范围外,故国防部无须对其负责。

Predicament[n]

/prɪ'dɪkəm(ə)nt/

pre-=before 在……之前;dic=to say 说;-a(te);-ment=the result 表结果

→the result that is predicted 事先被预言了的结果,即早已被认定的结果

早已被认定的不利结果,即困境

The decision will leave her in a peculiarpredicament.(CCAD3)

这个决定会让她处于尴尬的境地。

Predict[v]

/prɪ'dɪkt/

pre-=before 在……之前;dict=to say 说

→to say something before it happens 在某事发生前说出

→预测

预测

The latest opinion polls arepredictinga very close contest.(CCAD3)

最近的民意测验预测竞争将会非常激烈。

Predictable[adj]

/prɪ'dɪktəb(ə)l/

pre-=before 在……之前;dict= to say 说;-able=able 可……的,构成形容词

→able to be said about before sth happens 在发生前就能被说出与其相关的内容的

→可预测的

可预测的

This was apredictablereaction, given the bitter hostility between the two countries.(CCAD3)

考虑到这两个国家之间激烈的敌对情绪,这种反应是可以预见的。

可预测的内容,往往是老套乏味的

He's very nice, but I find him rather dull andpredictable.(OALD7)

他为人很不错,但我觉得他相当呆板乏味。

Predictive[adj]

/prɪ'dɪktɪv/

pre-=before 在……之前;dict=to say 说;-ive=having the quality of 有……性质的,构成形容词

→to say about something before it happens 在某事发生前说出与其相关的内容

→预测的

预测的

Thepredictivevalue of this new method of analysis has still to be proven.(CALD3)

这一新分析方法的预测效用还有待证实。

Syndicate

/'sɪndɪkət/

syn-=together一起;dic=to say 说;-ate=a person characterized by 以……为特征的人

→persons that say together when making decisions 共同做决定的群体

商业上共同决策的群体,即私人联合会,企业联合会 n

Asyndicateof banks is/are financing the deal.(CALD3)

一个银行联盟将为这笔交易提供资金。

新闻中共同表态的行为,即安排给多家媒体发表 v

His column issyndicatedthroughout the world.(OALD7)

他的专栏文章在世界各地的报刊发表。

Verdict[n]

/'vɜːdɪkt/

ver=true 真实; dict=to say 说

→say sth based on the truth 基于真实情况的陈述

①结论;②(陪审团/法官的)裁决

The panel will give theirverdicton the latest video releases.(OALD7)

专题小组将就最近发行的录像提出他们的意见。

The jury has retired to consider itsverdict.(LDOCE5)

陪审团/法官经过思考后说的客观的话,即裁决

Vindicate[v]

/'vɪndɪkeɪt/

vin=force 力量;dict=to say 说;-ate=to make 做

→to say forcefully 有力地说

→尽力为某人或某事辩护

尽力为无罪之人辩护,即证明……无辜

New evidence emerged,vindicatinghim completely.(OALD7)

新证据出现了,证明他完全是无辜的。

尽力为某人言行辩护,即证明……正确

Ministers and officials are confident their decision will bevindicated.(其他来源)

部长们和官员们相信他们的决定会被证明是正确的。

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