keepalived redis主从双机热备部署
搭建环境看了很多帖子，因为诸多原因都有些原因导致，失败，因此记录一下自己的搭建步骤。
为了提高程序响应效率，用到了redis作为存放缓存数据的地方，但是只运行一台redis无疑对线上环境是一种挑战，万一服务器宕机，那生成环境就没法玩了，因此需要对redis做集群配置，由于公司业务量不是很大，所以采用主从双机热备的方案。
主要核心思想，如果master 和 salve 全部存活的情况，VIP就漂移到 master。读写都从master操作，如果master宕机，VIP就会漂移到salve,并将之前的salve切换为master,当宕机的master可以继续服务的时候，首先会从salve同步数据，然后VIP漂移到master服务器上面，持续提供服务。
一、准备环境
1.两台服务器
192.168.0.55 master
192.168.0.56 slave
192.168.0.99 VIP
2.redis安装包
下载地址：redis下载 （本人下载的稳定版 4.0.9）
3.keeplived安装包
二、安装redis(两台服务器都按照此方式安装)
1、解压安装包
tar -zxvf redis-stable.tar.gz
2、将文件放于 /usr/local
mv redis-stable /usr/local/
3、进入redis目录并重命名
cd /usr/local/
mv redis-stable/ redis
4、进入 redis目录，编译
cd redis
make
到这步就编译成功了、但是发现 有个错误，经检测发现是时间不对
所以修改时间
date -s "2018-3-31 15:24:00"
让系统时间和硬件时间同步：
hwclock --systohc
最后通过date 查看时间无误了。再编译一次 在 redis目录中再次make
5、 然后执行 make test
测试的时候报错了，需要安装 tcl8.5
5.1 、去下载tcl8.5
5.2、解压并放入 /usr/local
5.3、进入tcl 下的unix 编译安装
cd tcl8.6.1/unix/
./configure
make && make install
6、进入 /usr/local/redis/src 执行 make install
7、新建 redis 下新建 bin 及 etc目录 存放redis 服务相关文件和配置文件
mkdir /usr/local/redis/etc /usr/local/redis/bin
8、移动相关文件
mv /usr/local/redis/redis.conf /usr/local/redis/etc/
cd /usr/local/redis/src
mv mkreleasehdr.sh redis-benchmark redis-check-aof redis-cli redis-server /usr/local/redis/bin/
9、修改配置文件、让服务可以后台启动
vim /usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf
daemonize yes
requirepass 123456 (连接密码)
10、启动 redis（后台启动）
[root@jonyLinux1 redis]# ./bin/redis-server ./etc/redis.conf
11、测试是否成功（保存、查找）
12、配置服务
12.1、创建文件
touch /etc/init.d/redis
12.2、编写启动文件
vim /etc/init.d/redis
12.3、文件内容
#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: 2345 10 90
# description: Start and Stop redis
REDISPORT=6379
EXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server
CLIEXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli
PIDFILE=/var/run/redis_${REDISPORT}.pid
CONF="/usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf"
REDISPASS=123456
case "$1" in
start)
if [ -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed"
else
echo "Starting Redis server..."
$EXEC $CONF &
fi
;;
stop)
if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running"
else
PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
echo "Stopping ..."
$CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT -a $REDISPASS shutdown
while [ -x /proc/${PID} ]
do
echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."
sleep 1
done
echo "Redis stopped"
fi
;;
restart)
"$0" stop
sleep 3
"$0" start
;;
*)
echo "Please use start or stop or restart as first argument"
;;
esac
12.4、配置开机启动
chmod +x /etc/init.d/redis
chkconfig --add redis
chkconfig redis on 三、redis双机热备配置
1、相关配置
192.168.0.55 master中配置
daemonize yes
requirepass 123456
bind 0.0.0.0
slave-serve-stale-data yes
slave-read-only no
192.168.0.56 slave中配置
daemonize yes
slaveof 192.168.0.55 6379
masterauth 123456
slave-serve-stale-data yes
slave-read-only no2、验证是否成功
192.168.0.55 master 中
192.168.0.56 slave 中（先get weater 无值、master set 成功之后 slave 中 有值）
四、keepalived安装
1、解压压缩包
tar -zxvf keepalived-1.4.0.tar.gz
2、安装所需镜像
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
3、编译安装
cd keepalived-1.4.0
./configure -prefix=/usr/local/keepalived/
make && make install
4、拷贝keepalived配置文件
cp /opt/keepalived-1.4.0/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/keepalived
mkdir -p /etc/keepalived/scripts/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/samples/keepalived.conf.virtualhost
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
5、修改配置文件及脚本
5.1、修改master keepalived配置文件
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
vrrp_script chk_redis {
script "killall -0 redis-server"
interval 2
}
#网卡需要注意，使用ifconfig查看一下当前活动网卡
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0 #监控网卡（一定要设置正确）
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_redis
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.99 #VIP地址
}
notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh
notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh
notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh
notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh
} 5.2、修改salve keepalived配置文件
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
vrrp_script chk_redis {
# script "killall -0 redis-server"
interval 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 99
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_redis
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.99
}
notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh
notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh
notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh
notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh
}6、编写监控脚本
6.1、master中脚本
6.1.1 redis_master.sh文件
touch /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh
#!/bin/bash
REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -a 123456"
LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"
sleep 15
echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Being master...." >>$LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ...">> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.0.58 6379 >>$LOGFILE 2>&1
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
echo "data rsync fail." >>$LOGFILE 2>&1
else
echo "data rsync OK." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
fi
sleep 10 #延迟10秒以后待数据同步完成后再取消同步状态
echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ...">> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd fail." >>$LOGFILE 2>&1
else
echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd OK." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
fitouch /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh
#!/bin/bash
REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -a 123456"
LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"
echo "[backup]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Being slave...." >>$LOGFILE 2>&1
sleep 15 #延迟15秒待数据被对方同步完成之后再切换主从角色
echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ...">> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.0.56 6379 >>$LOGFILE 2>&16.2、slave中脚本
6.2.1、redis_master.sh 脚本
touch /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh
#!/bin/bash
REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -a 123456"
LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"
echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Being master...." >>$LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ...">> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.0.55 6379 >>$LOGFILE 2>&1
sleep 10 #延迟10秒以后待数据同步完成后再取消同步状态
echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ...">> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&16.2.2、redis_backup.sh 脚本
touch /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh
#!/bin/bash
REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -a 123456"
LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"
echo "[backup]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Being slave...." >>$LOGFILE 2>&1
sleep 15 #延迟15秒待数据被对方同步完成之后再切换主从角色
echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ...">> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.0.55 6379 >>$LOGFILE 2>&1
6.3、master 和 salve 中同时创建脚本
6.3.1 创建 redis_fault.sh
touch /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh
LOGFILE=/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log
echo "[fault]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE 6.3.2、创建 redis_stop.sh
touch /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh
lOGFILE=/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log
echo "[stop]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE7、keepalived 最终脚本目录如下
master（55） 中
salve（56） 中
到此所有配置文件全部设置完毕
然后再 maseter和 salve 中 执行：
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/scripts/*.sh
五、验证成功
1、启动master 和 salve中 的redis
service redis restart
2、启动master 和 salve中的 keepalived
service keepalived restart
3、用VIP连接redis
redis-cli -h 192.168.0.99 -a 123456
3.1、输入 info查看redis信息
可以看到当前状态为master 以及 salve (图中IP58，由于内网56被占用了，只好将salve的IP改为58)
4、同步测试
4.1、master服务器中
salve 服务器中
数据已同步。
4.2、停掉master redis 服务，测试同步
查看replication slaves 为0
4.3、新增 redis key
4.4、重启 master 中的redis,并查看redis 数据同步状态
启动master中的redis，然后查看keys 还未同步，稍等片刻发现 刚刚再slave中新增的数据已同步。
以上为本人 使用keepalived+redis 双机热备实际操作步骤，以留记录，方便以后再次使用，也方便看到此文的同学。
本环境搭建成功，要感谢诸多同学的贡献，以下为主要参考的一些帖子内容：
http://abcve.com/redis-keepalived/
http://blog.51cto.com/wangfeng7399/1591272
https://www.cnblogs.com/davidwang456/p/3525090.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/JeremyWYL/p/8562388.html