elasticsearch__1__java操作之连接es,创建Mapping,保存数据

elasticsearch 分布式搜索系列专栏：http://blog.csdn.net/xiaohulunb/article/category/2399789

内容涉及代码GitHub地址: 点击打开链接

官方API：http://www.elasticsearch.org/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/java-api/current/index.html

操作demo所用javabean

package com.elasticsearch;

import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import com.util.date.Joda_Time;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by lw on 14-7-8.
 */
public class User {

    private String name;
    private String home;//家乡
    private double height;//身高
    private int age;
    private Date birthday;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(String name, String home, double height, int age, Date birthday) {
        this.name = name;
        this.home = home;
        this.height = height;
        this.age = age;
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    /**
     * 随机生成一个用户信息
     *
     * @return
     */
    public static User getOneRandomUser() {
        return new User("葫芦" + (int) (Math.random() * 1000) + "娃", "山西省太原市" + (int) (Math.random() * 1000) + "街道", (Math.random() * 1000), (int) (Math.random() * 100), new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() - (long) (Math.random() * 100000)));
    }

    /**
     * 随机生成num个用户信息
     *
     * @param num 生成数量
     * @return
     */
    public static List getRandomUsers(int num) {
        List users = Lists.newArrayList();
        if (num < 0) num = 10;
        for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
            users.add(new User("葫芦" + (int) (Math.random() * 1000) + "娃", "山西省太原市" + (int) (Math.random() * 1000) + "街道", (Math.random() * 1000), (int) (Math.random() * 100), new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() - (long) (Math.random() * 100000))));
        }

        return users;
    }

    /**
     * 封装对象的Json信息
     *
     * @param user
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static XContentBuilder getXContentBuilder(User user) throws IOException {
        return XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .field("name", user.getName())//该字段在上面的方法中mapping定义了,所以该字段就有了自定义的属性,比如 age等
                .field("home", user.getHome())
                .field("height", user.getHeight())
                .field("age", user.getAge())
                .field("birthday", user.getBirthday())
                .field("state", "默认属性,mapping中没有定义")//该字段在上面方法中的mapping中没有定义,所以该字段的属性使用es默认的.
                .endObject();
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getHome() {
        return home;
    }

    public void setHome(String home) {
        this.home = home;
    }

    public double getHeight() {
        return height;
    }

    public void setHeight(double height) {
        this.height = height;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

}

java与elasticsearch的交互demo

package com.framework_technology.elasticsearch;

import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.alias.IndicesAliasesRequestBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.alias.exists.AliasesExistRequestBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.alias.exists.AliasesExistResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.create.CreateIndexRequestBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.create.CreateIndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.stats.IndexStats;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequestBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Created by lw on 14-7-7.
 * 

 * mapping创建
 * 添加记录到es
 */
public class Es_BuildIndex {


    /**
     * 索引的mapping
     * 

     * 预定义一个索引的mapping,使用mapping的好处是可以个性的设置某个字段等的属性
     * Es_Setting.INDEX_DEMO_01类似于数据库
     * mapping 类似于预设某个表的字段类型
     * 

     * Mapping,就是对索引库中索引的字段名及其数据类型进行定义，类似于关系数据库中表建立时要定义字段名及其数据类型那样，
     * 不过es的 mapping比数据库灵活很多，它可以动态添加字段。
     * 一般不需要要指定mapping都可以，因为es会自动根据数据格式定义它的类型，
     * 如果你需要对某 些字段添加特殊属性（如：定义使用其它分词器、是否分词、是否存储等），就必须手动添加mapping。
     * 有两种添加mapping的方法，一种是定义在配 置文件中，一种是运行时手动提交mapping，两种选一种就行了。
     *
     * @throws Exception Exception
     */
    protected static void buildIndexMapping() throws Exception {
        Map settings = new HashMap<>();
        settings.put("number_of_shards", 4);//分片数量
        settings.put("number_of_replicas", 0);//复制数量
        settings.put("refresh_interval", "10s");//刷新时间

        //在本例中主要得注意,ttl及timestamp如何用java ,这些字段的具体含义,请去到es官网查看
        CreateIndexRequestBuilder cib = Es_Utils.client.admin().indices().prepareCreate(Es_Utils.LOGSTASH_YYYY_MM_DD);
        cib.setSettings(settings);

        XContentBuilder mapping = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .startObject("we3r")//
                .startObject("_ttl")//有了这个设置,就等于在这个给索引的记录增加了失效时间,
                        //ttl的使用地方如在分布式下,web系统用户登录状态的维护.
                .field("enabled", true)//默认的false的
                .field("default", "5m")//默认的失效时间,d/h/m/s 即天/小时/分钟/秒
                .field("store", "yes")
                .field("index", "not_analyzed")
                .endObject()
                .startObject("_timestamp")//这个字段为时间戳字段.即你添加一条索引记录后,自动给该记录增加个时间字段(记录的创建时间),搜索中可以直接搜索该字段.
                .field("enabled", true)
                .field("store", "no")
                .field("index", "not_analyzed")
                .endObject()
                        //properties下定义的name等等就是属于我们需要的自定义字段了,相当于数据库中的表字段 ,此处相当于创建数据库表
                .startObject("properties")
                .startObject("@timestamp").field("type", "long").endObject()
                .startObject("name").field("type", "string").field("store", "yes").endObject()
                .startObject("home").field("type", "string").field("index", "not_analyzed").endObject()
                .startObject("now_home").field("type", "string").field("index", "not_analyzed").endObject()
                .startObject("height").field("type", "double").endObject()
                .startObject("age").field("type", "integer").endObject()
                .startObject("birthday").field("type", "date").field("format", "YYYY-MM-dd").endObject()
                .startObject("isRealMen").field("type", "boolean").endObject()
                .startObject("location").field("lat", "double").field("lon", "double").endObject()
                .endObject()
                .endObject()
                .endObject();
        cib.addMapping(Es_Utils.LOGSTASH_YYYY_MM_DD_MAPPING, mapping);
        cib.execute().actionGet();
    }

    /**
     * 给 []index 创建别名
     * 重载方法可以按照过滤器或者Query 作为一个别名
     *
     * @param aliases aliases别名
     * @param indices 多个 index
     * @return 是否完成
     */
    protected static boolean createAliases(String aliases, String... indices) {
        IndicesAliasesRequestBuilder builder = Es_Utils.client.admin().indices().prepareAliases();
        return builder.addAlias(indices, aliases).execute().isDone();
    }

    /**
     * 查询此别名是否存在
     *
     * @param aliases aliases
     * @return 是否存在
     */
    protected static boolean aliasesExist(String... aliases) {
        AliasesExistRequestBuilder builder =
                Es_Utils.client.admin().indices().prepareAliasesExist(aliases);
        AliasesExistResponse response = builder.execute().actionGet();
        return response.isExists();
    }

    /**
     * 添加记录到es
     * 

     * 增加索引记录
     *
     * @param user 添加的记录
     * @throws Exception Exception
     */
    protected static void buildIndex(User user) throws Exception {
        // INDEX_DEMO_01_MAPPING为上个方法中定义的索引,prindextype为类型.jk8231为id,以此可以代替memchche来进行数据的缓存
        IndexResponse response = Es_Utils.client.prepareIndex(Es_Utils.LOGSTASH_YYYY_MM_DD, Es_Utils.LOGSTASH_YYYY_MM_DD_MAPPING)
                .setSource(
                        User.getXContentBuilder(user)
                )
                .setTTL(8000)//这样就等于单独设定了该条记录的失效时间,单位是毫秒,必须在mapping中打开_ttl的设置开关
                .execute()
                .actionGet();
    }

    /**
     * 批量添加记录到索引
     *
     * @param userList 批量添加数据
     * @throws java.io.IOException IOException
     */
    protected static void buildBulkIndex(List userList) throws IOException {
        BulkRequestBuilder bulkRequest = Es_Utils.client.prepareBulk();
        // either use Es_Setting.client#prepare, or use Requests# to directly build index/delete requests

        for (User user : userList) {
            //通过add批量添加
            bulkRequest.add(Es_Utils.client.prepareIndex(Es_Utils.LOGSTASH_YYYY_MM_DD, Es_Utils.LOGSTASH_YYYY_MM_DD_MAPPING)
                            .setSource(
                                    User.getXContentBuilder(user)
                            )
            );
        }

        BulkResponse bulkResponse = bulkRequest.execute().actionGet();
        //如果失败
        if (bulkResponse.hasFailures()) {
            // process failures by iterating through each bulk response item
            System.out.println("buildFailureMessage:" + bulkResponse.buildFailureMessage());
        }
    }


}

数据查看