CentOS7离线安装MySql

一、首先清除CentOS7系统中默认的数据库mariadb，否则不能安装mysql

rpm -qa |grep mariadb |xargs yum remove -y

二、安装MySql

1、下载MySql的相关rpm包

在https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/选择为Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7/Oracle Linux 7，把os的版本选择为all，直接下载mysql-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar，所有的rpm包都在里面；

2、将下载的mysql-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar放到/usr/local/mysql目录，解压缩安装包

tar axvf mysql-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

3、切换到下载包目录下（cd 你的下载目录），然后对每个包进行一次安装；

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

4、修改MySql配置

vi /etc/my.cnf

修改配置如下

#datadir=/var/lib/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

5、通过以下命令，完成对 mysql 数据库的初始化和相关配置

mysqld --initialize
chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql -R
systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl  enable mysqld

三、启动MySql服务

1、启动MySql

systemctl start mysqld.service

#停止MySql

systemctl stop mysqld.service

#重启MySql

systemctl restart mysqld.service

2、设置MySql开机自启

systemctl enable mysqld

3、通过 cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password 命令查看数据库的密码

2019-02-16T09:46:38.945518Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ,#t#dlkOG0j0

以上密码为,#t#dlkOG0j0

4、测试MySql安装是否成功

4.1、以root用户登录MySql，执行命令

mysql -u root -p   

输入以上命令回车进入，出现输入密码提示

4.2、输入刚刚查到的密码，进行数据库的登陆，复制粘贴就行，MySQL 的登陆密码也是不显示的

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.15
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>

4.3、通过 ALTER USER ‘root’@‘localhost’ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘root’; 命令来修改密码

set global validate_password.policy = 0;
set global validate_password.length=6;
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'xhw888';

4.4、通过 exit; 命令退出 MySQL，然后通过新密码再次登陆

至此，mysql8.0.15数据库就安装完成了。

四、MySql远程访问授权配置

1、以root用户登录MySql

mysql -u root -p   

2、使root（也可以配置其他的用户，如hadoop）用户可以操作数据库hive中的所有表

create user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'xhw888';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;
flush privileges;

附：
创建新用户： CREATE USER ‘用户名’@‘host名称’ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘密码’;

给新用户授权：GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO ‘用户名’@‘host名称’;

刷新权限： FLUSH PRIVILEGES;