Android Loader

Loader简单使用

AsyncTaskLoader VS AsyncTask

  • 数据影响UI还是的用AsyncTask为好
  • AsyncTaskLoader主要针对的是Activity配置的变化 不会引起数据的变化 同时数据源的变化可以实现自动更新

所以 AsyncTask也不能被抛弃 不过AsyncTask在使用的时候要做好相关的配置

前面看到函数响应式编程 用RxJava系列RxAndroid来处理异步操作等等 我试着写了一个简单 但是还是不太熟悉
打算这个还是很有必要看就下 大家有兴趣可以去看看
贴两个地址 学习响应式编程

https://github.com/ReactiveX/RxAndroid
https://github.com/lzyzsd/Awesome-RxJava/blob/master/README.md

简单分析下实现过程 根据源码查看 下面是使用中的代码

getLoaderManager().initLoader(0, null, mCallbacks);

mCallbacks = new LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks>() {
        @Override
        public Loader> onCreateLoader(int id, Bundle args) {
            if (mBaker == null) {
                mBaker = new Baker(MainActivity.this);
            }
            return mBaker;
        }

        @Override
        public void onLoadFinished(Loader> loader, List data) {
            list.addAll(data);
            myAdpater.notifyDataSetChanged();
            //数据处理完的回调
           LogUtils.e("sell " + data.size() + " breads");
        }

        @Override
        public void onLoaderReset(Loader> loader) {

        }
    };

查看initLoader来到LoaderManagerImpl 是LoaderManager的实现类 所有的具体实现都在这里面

public  Loader initLoader(int id, Bundle args, LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks callback) {
    if (mCreatingLoader) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("Called while creating a loader");
    }
    //集合中获取指定的LoaderInfo
    LoaderInfo info = mLoaders.get(id);
    
    if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "initLoader in " + this + ": args=" + args);

    if (info == null) {
        // 不存在就创建一个LoaderInfo
        info = createAndInstallLoader(id, args,  (LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks)callback);
        if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "  Created new loader " + info);
    } else {
        if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "  Re-using existing loader " + info);
        info.mCallbacks = (LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks)callback;
    }
    
    if (info.mHaveData && mStarted) {
        // If the loader has already generated its data, report it now.
        info.callOnLoadFinished(info.mLoader, info.mData);
    }
    
    return (Loader)info.mLoader;
}
 
 

具体创建的源码createAndInstallLoader 方法

 private LoaderInfo createAndInstallLoader(int id, Bundle args,
        LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks callback) {
    try {
        mCreatingLoader = true;
        //创建LoaderInfo
        LoaderInfo info = createLoader(id, args, callback);
      //创建后的操作 处理
        installLoader(info);
        return info;
    } finally {
        mCreatingLoader = false;
    }
}

void installLoader(LoaderInfo info) {
    mLoaders.put(info.mId, info);
    if (mStarted) {
        // The activity will start all existing loaders in it's onStart(),
        // so only start them here if we're past that point of the activitiy's
        // life cycle
        //LoaderInfo的start()开启
        info.start();
    }
}
 
 

现在看看info.start(); 这个方法具体干了什么

void start() {
        if (mRetaining && mRetainingStarted) {
            // Our owner is started, but we were being retained from a
            // previous instance in the started state...  so there is really
            // nothing to do here, since the loaders are still started.
            mStarted = true;
            return;
        }
        if (mStarted) {
            // If loader already started, don't restart.
            return;
        }
        mStarted = true;
        if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "  Starting: " + this);
        if (mLoader == null && mCallbacks != null) {
            //回调操作 在Activity中或者Fragment中 这里是我们上面使用的三个回调的第一个
           mLoader = mCallbacks.onCreateLoader(mId, mArgs);
        }
        if (mLoader != null) {
            if (mLoader.getClass().isMemberClass()
                    && !Modifier.isStatic(mLoader.getClass().getModifiers())) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "Object returned from onCreateLoader must not be a non-static inner member class: "
                        + mLoader);
            }
            if (!mListenerRegistered) {
                //这里是注册 将自己给注册到Loader的提供的接口上 让Loader回调这里实现相关操作 因为后续使用AsyncTaskLoader回调的时候 可以操作LoaderInfo的Callback回调
                mLoader.registerListener(mId, this);
                mLoader.registerOnLoadCanceledListener(this);
                mListenerRegistered = true;
            }
              //loader开始载入
            mLoader.startLoading();
        }
    }

可以看看mLoader.registerListener(mId, this); 这个方法里面做了什么操作

public void registerListener(int id, OnLoadCompleteListener listener) {
    if (mListener != null) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("There is already a listener registered");
    }
    mListener = listener;
    mId = id;
}

看看 mLoader.startLoading();因为使用的是AsyncTaskLoader我们就看我们在使用AsyncTaskLoader中的实现

  @Override
    protected void onStartLoading() {
        forceLoad();
}

 public void forceLoad() {
    onForceLoad();
}

 @Override
protected void onForceLoad() {
    super.onForceLoad();
    cancelLoad();
    mTask = new LoadTask();
    if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Preparing load: mTask=" + mTask);
    //开始执行异步任务
    executePendingTask();
}

看看LoadTask 只看一些核心代码 就是一个AsyncTask的子类 里面的逻辑和AsyncTask一样子线程完后回到UI更新

final class LoadTask extends AsyncTask implements Runnable {
    private final CountDownLatch mDone = new CountDownLatch(1);

    // Set to true to indicate that the task has been posted to a handler for
    // execution at a later time.  Used to throttle updates.
    boolean waiting;

    /* Runs on a worker thread */
    @Override
    protected D doInBackground(Void... params) {

            *****省略****
            D data = AsyncTaskLoader.this.onLoadInBackground();
            return data;
            *****省略****
    }

    /* Runs on the UI thread */
    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(D data) {
        if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, this + " onPostExecute");
        try {
            //后台任务完成后 来到这里 这里按照我们的逻辑来看应该是执行LoaderManager的onfinish()完成的回调 
            AsyncTaskLoader.this.dispatchOnLoadComplete(this, data);
        } finally {
            mDone.countDown();
        }
    }

    /* Runs on the UI thread */
    @Override
    protected void onCancelled(D data) {
        if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, this + " onCancelled");
        try {
            AsyncTaskLoader.this.dispatchOnCancelled(this, data);
        } finally {
            mDone.countDown();
        }
    }
}

看看这个里面 AsyncTaskLoader.this.dispatchOnLoadComplete(this, data);

void dispatchOnLoadComplete(LoadTask task, D data) {
    if (mTask != task) {
        if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Load complete of old task, trying to cancel");
        dispatchOnCancelled(task, data);
    } else {
        if (isAbandoned()) {
            // This cursor has been abandoned; just cancel the new data.
            onCanceled(data);
        } else {
            commitContentChanged();
            mLastLoadCompleteTime = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
            mTask = null;
            if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Delivering result");
            //分发结果 胜利就在眼前 
            deliverResult(data);
        }
    }
}

 public void deliverResult(D data) {
    if (mListener != null) {
        //这里就是上面LoaderManagerImpl  注册的时候把自己注册上去的回调
        mListener.onLoadComplete(this, data);
    }
}

//最后来到回调 mListener.onLoadComplete(this, data); 的具体实现 去掉不重要的代码

  @Override
    public void onLoadComplete(Loader loader, Object data) {
      
        ****省略****
        if (mData != data || !mHaveData) {
            mData = data;
            mHaveData = true;
            if (mStarted) {
                callOnLoadFinished(loader, data);
            }
        }
        ****省略****
    }

 void callOnLoadFinished(Loader loader, Object data) {
        if (mCallbacks != null) {
            String lastBecause = null;
            if (mActivity != null) {
                lastBecause = mActivity.mFragments.mNoTransactionsBecause;
                mActivity.mFragments.mNoTransactionsBecause = "onLoadFinished";
            }
            try {
                if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "  onLoadFinished in " + loader + ": "
                        + loader.dataToString(data));
                //到这里成功实现onLoadFinished 方法的回调 数据加载成功
                mCallbacks.onLoadFinished(loader, data);
            } finally {
                if (mActivity != null) {
                    mActivity.mFragments.mNoTransactionsBecause = lastBecause;
                }
            }
            mDeliveredData = true;
        }
    }
 
 

上面就是整个数据加载完成回调实现的过程 跑了一遍
然后我们一般在使用的时候会用上自定更新数据 也就是数据更新 我们会自动加载数据 其实也就是要用了观察者模式 我们可以通过广播或者Eventbus来实现

这里用广播 看看 内部原理

 static class Bakery extends BroadcastReceiver {

    final Baker mBaker;

    public static String CUSTOMER_ACTION = "com.daemon.demo" ;

    public Bakery(Baker baker) {
        mBaker = baker;
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(CUSTOMER_ACTION);
        baker.getContext().registerReceiver(this, filter);
    }

    @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        //主要是这个方法  来通知更新 
        mBaker.onContentChanged();
    }
}

 public void onContentChanged() {
    if (mStarted) {
        // 发现和上面的Loader  onstartLoading那一步 
        forceLoad();
    } else {
        // This loader has been stopped, so we don't want to load
        // new data right now...  but keep track of it changing to
        // refresh later if we start again.
        mContentChanged = true;
    }
}

现在来一个例子 例子是网上看着别人的 自己用在ListView显示 一个添加数据的按钮

 @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    this.lvshow = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv_show);
    this.btadd = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_add);

    mBaker = new Baker(this);
    mBakery = new Bakery(mBaker,this);

    list=new ArrayList();
    myAdpater=new MyAdpater(this,list);
    lvshow.setAdapter(myAdpater);
    mCallbacks = new LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks>() {
        @Override
        public Loader> onCreateLoader(int id, Bundle args) {
            if (mBaker == null) {
                mBaker = new Baker(MainActivity.this);
            }
            return mBaker;
        }

        @Override
        public void onLoadFinished(Loader> loader, List data) {
            list.addAll(data);
            myAdpater.notifyDataSetChanged();
            //面包师完成面包烤制
           LogUtils.e("sell " + data.size() + " breads");
        }

        @Override
        public void onLoaderReset(Loader> loader) {
        }
    };

    //面包师开始工作
    getLoaderManager().initLoader(0, null, mCallbacks);
    btadd.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            Intent intent = new Intent(Bakery.CUSTOMER_ACTION);
            sendBroadcast(intent);
        }
    });
}

Baker

public class Baker  extends AsyncTaskLoader> {
public Baker(Context context) {
    super(context);
}

@Override
public List loadInBackground() {
    List breads = new ArrayList();
    //获得当前需要做的面包
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        //制作面包,耗时操作
        breads.add("123"+i);
    }
    //面包制作完成
    return breads;
}
@Override
public void deliverResult(List data) {
    super.deliverResult(data);
}
@Override
protected void onStartLoading() {
    forceLoad();
}
@Override
protected void onStopLoading() {
    cancelLoad();
}
@Override
protected void onReset() {
    super.onReset();
}
}

Bakery

public class Bakery extends BroadcastReceiver {

final Baker mBaker;

public static String CUSTOMER_ACTION = "com.daemon.demo" ;

public Bakery(Baker baker , Context context) {
    mBaker = baker;
    IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(CUSTOMER_ACTION);
    context.registerReceiver(this, filter);
}

@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    mBaker.onContentChanged();
}

}

Android Loader_第1张图片
GIF.gif

基本就是这样了 用起来也方便 还是那个有点 频幕旋转 Activity生命周期的变化等等一切影响Loader都帮你处理 你只关心加载数据就行 我平时也没用过这个 看着源码理一理还是挺好

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