1.mac 地址,在 Android 6.0(API 级别 23)及更高版本中,本地设备 MAC 地址(例如 WLAN 和蓝牙)无法通过第三方 API 获取。WifiInfo.getMacAddress()
方法和 BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getAddress()
方法都会返回 02:00:00:00:00:00,
但可以通过其他方法获取。下面是找到的一个有效的方法,在6.0,7.0设备上可以获取到。
public final class DeviceUtils {
private DeviceUtils() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("u can't instantiate me...");
}
/**
* Return version code of device's system.
*
* @return version code of device's system
*/
public static int getSDKVersionCode() {
return Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
}
/**
* Return the android id of device.
*
* @return the android id of device
*/
@SuppressLint("HardwareIds")
public static String getAndroidID() {
return Settings.Secure.getString(
Utils.getApp().getContentResolver(),
Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID
);
}
/**
* Return the MAC address.
* Must hold
* {@code },
* {@code }
*
* @return the MAC address
*/
@RequiresPermission(allOf = {ACCESS_WIFI_STATE, INTERNET})
public static String getMacAddress() {
String macAddress = getMacAddressByWifiInfo();
if (!"02:00:00:00:00:00".equals(macAddress)) {
return macAddress;
}
macAddress = getMacAddressByNetworkInterface();
if (!"02:00:00:00:00:00".equals(macAddress)) {
return macAddress;
}
macAddress = getMacAddressByInetAddress();
if (!"02:00:00:00:00:00".equals(macAddress)) {
return macAddress;
}
macAddress = getMacAddressByFile();
if (!"02:00:00:00:00:00".equals(macAddress)) {
return macAddress;
}
return "please open wifi";
}
@SuppressLint({"HardwareIds", "MissingPermission"})
private static String getMacAddressByWifiInfo() {
try {
Context context = Utils.getApp().getApplicationContext();
WifiManager wifi = (WifiManager) context.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
if (wifi != null) {
WifiInfo info = wifi.getConnectionInfo();
if (info != null) return info.getMacAddress();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "02:00:00:00:00:00";
}
private static String getMacAddressByNetworkInterface() {
try {
Enumeration nis = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();
while (nis.hasMoreElements()) {
NetworkInterface ni = nis.nextElement();
if (ni == null || !ni.getName().equalsIgnoreCase("wlan0")) continue;
byte[] macBytes = ni.getHardwareAddress();
if (macBytes != null && macBytes.length > 0) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (byte b : macBytes) {
sb.append(String.format("%02x:", b));
}
return sb.substring(0, sb.length() - 1);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "02:00:00:00:00:00";
}
private static String getMacAddressByInetAddress() {
try {
InetAddress inetAddress = getInetAddress();
if (inetAddress != null) {
NetworkInterface ni = NetworkInterface.getByInetAddress(inetAddress);
if (ni != null) {
byte[] macBytes = ni.getHardwareAddress();
if (macBytes != null && macBytes.length > 0) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (byte b : macBytes) {
sb.append(String.format("%02x:", b));
}
return sb.substring(0, sb.length() - 1);
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "02:00:00:00:00:00";
}
private static InetAddress getInetAddress() {
try {
Enumeration nis = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();
while (nis.hasMoreElements()) {
NetworkInterface ni = nis.nextElement();
// To prevent phone of xiaomi return "10.0.2.15"
if (!ni.isUp()) continue;
Enumeration addresses = ni.getInetAddresses();
while (addresses.hasMoreElements()) {
InetAddress inetAddress = addresses.nextElement();
if (!inetAddress.isLoopbackAddress()) {
String hostAddress = inetAddress.getHostAddress();
if (hostAddress.indexOf(':') < 0) return inetAddress;
}
}
}
} catch (SocketException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
private static String getMacAddressByFile() {
ShellUtils.CommandResult result = ShellUtils.execCmd("getprop wifi.interface", false);
if (result.result == 0) {
String name = result.successMsg;
if (name != null) {
result = ShellUtils.execCmd("cat /sys/class/net/" + name + "/address", false);
if (result.result == 0) {
String address = result.successMsg;
if (address != null && address.length() > 0) {
return address;
}
}
}
}
return "02:00:00:00:00:00";
}
2.android_Id 在 Android 8.0(API 级别 26)及更高版本中,SSAID 提供了一个在由同一开发者签名密钥签名的应用之间通用的标识符。借助它,您可以在这些应用之间共享状态,而无需要求用户登录帐号。这是官网的翻译,实在不明白是什么意思!可以知道的是恢复出厂设置这个值是会被改变的,而且存在有的设备获取到的为null 的情况
@SuppressLint("HardwareIds")
public static String getAndroidID() {
return Settings.Secure.getString(
Utils.getApp().getContentResolver(),
Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID
);
}
以下内容取自:http://blog.rcant.com/2018/05/02/android/android_uuid_get/
3.The IMEI: 仅仅只对Android手机有效:
1 2 |
TelephonyManager TelephonyMgr = (TelephonyManager)getSystemService(TELEPHONY_SERVICE); String szImei = TelephonyMgr.getDeviceId(); |
采用此种方法,需要在AndroidManifest.xml中加入一个许可:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,并且用户应当允许安装此应用。作为手机来讲,IMEI是唯一的,它应该类似于 359881030314356(除非你有一个没有量产的手机(水货)它可能有无效的IMEI,如:0000000000000)。
4.Pseudo-Unique ID, 这个在任何Android手机中都有效
有一些特殊的情况,一些如平板电脑的设置没有通话功能,或者你不愿加入READ_PHONE_STATE许可。而你仍然想获得唯一序列号之类的东西。这时你可以通过取出ROM版本、制造商、CPU型号、以及其他硬件信息来实现这一点。这样计算出来的ID不是唯一的(因为如果两个手机应用了同样的硬件以及Rom 镜像)。但应当明白的是,出现类似情况的可能性基本可以忽略。要实现这一点,你可以使用Build类:
大多数的Build成员都是字符串形式的,我们只取他们的长度信息。我们取到13个数字,并在前面加上“35”。这样这个ID看起来就和15位IMEI一样了
String m_szDevIDShort = "35" + //we make this look like a valid IMEI
Build.BOARD.length()%10 +
Build.BRAND.length()%10 +
Build.CPU_ABI.length()%10 +
Build.DEVICE.length()%10 +
Build.DISPLAY.length()%10 +
Build.HOST.length()%10 +
Build.ID.length()%10 +
Build.MANUFACTURER.length()%10 +
Build.MODEL.length()%10 +
Build.PRODUCT.length()%10 +
Build.TAGS.length()%10 +
Build.TYPE.length()%10 +
Build.USER.length()%10 ; //13 digits
5.拼接生成UUID
//获取手机的唯一标识
public String getPhoneSign(){
StringBuilder deviceId = new StringBuilder();
// 渠道标志
deviceId.append("a");
try {
//IMEI(imei)
TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager) this.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
String imei = tm.getDeviceId();
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(imei)){
deviceId.append("imei");
deviceId.append(imei);
return deviceId.toString();
}
//序列号(sn)
String sn = tm.getSimSerialNumber();
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(sn)){
deviceId.append("sn");
deviceId.append(sn);
return deviceId.toString();
}
//如果上面都没有, 则生成一个id:随机码
String uuid = getUUID();
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(uuid)){
deviceId.append("id");
deviceId.append(uuid);
return deviceId.toString();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
deviceId.append("id").append(getUUID());
}
return deviceId.toString();
}
/**
* 得到全局唯一UUID
*/
private String uuid;
public String getUUID(){
SharedPreferences mShare = getSharedPreferences("uuid",MODE_PRIVATE);
if(mShare != null){
uuid = mShare.getString("uuid", "");
}
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(uuid)){
uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
mShare.edit().putString("uuid",uuid).commit();
}
return uuid;
}
UUID是指在一台机器上生成的数字,它保证对在 同一时空中 的所有机器都是唯一的。通常平台会提供生成的API。按照开放软件基金会(OSF)制定的标准计算,用到了以太网卡地址、纳秒级时间、芯片ID码和许多可能的数字.
总结:个人感觉从上面的内容看,方法四 更好一些,虽然现在项目用的是mac 地址,后台要mac 给他mac 就是了,不想多BB。感觉移动端还是有点苦逼的,后台不需要了解移动端,前端更不必,但移动端却要要求懂后台和前端,还要搞jni +c 。立个flag 总有一天,前端,后台,移动端 全自己做了