python词云 wordcloud 入门
构建词云的方法很多, 但是个人觉得python的wordcloud包功能最为强大,可以自定义图片.
官网: https://amueller.github.io/word_cloud/
github: https://github.com/amueller/word_cloud
例子:
字体使用的是 CabinSketch-Bold.ttf
安装
方法1
pip install wordcloud
方法2
github下载并解压
wget https://github.com/amueller/word_cloud/archive/master.zip
unzip master.zip
rm master.zip
cd word_cloud-master安装依赖包
sudo pip install -r requirements.txt安装wordcloud
python setup.py install与模版图片颜色相同的词云
采用https://amueller.github.io/word_cloud/auto_examples/colored.html#colored-py 进行讲解
from os import path
from scipy.misc import imread
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from wordcloud import WordCloud, STOPWORDS, ImageColorGenerator
# 获取当前文件路径
# __file__ 为当前文件, 在ide中运行此行会报错,可改为
# d = path.dirname('.')
d = path.dirname(__file__)
# 读取文本 alice.txt 在包文件的example目录下
#内容为
"""
Project Gutenberg's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
"""
text = open(path.join(d, 'alice.txt')).read()
# read the mask / color image
# taken from http://jirkavinse.deviantart.com/art/quot-Real-Life-quot-Alice-282261010
# 设置背景图片
alice_coloring = imread(path.join(d, "alice_color.png"))
wc = WordCloud(background_color="white", #背景颜色max_words=2000,# 词云显示的最大词数
mask=alice_coloring,#设置背景图片
stopwords=STOPWORDS.add("said"),
max_font_size=40, #字体最大值
random_state=42)
# 生成词云, 可以用generate输入全部文本(中文不好分词),也可以我们计算好词频后使用generate_from_frequencies函数
wc.generate(text)
# wc.generate_from_frequencies(txt_freq)
# txt_freq例子为[('词a', 100),('词b', 90),('词c', 80)]
# 从背景图片生成颜色值
image_colors = ImageColorGenerator(alice_coloring)
# 以下代码显示图片
plt.imshow(wc)
plt.axis("off")
# 绘制词云
plt.figure()
# recolor wordcloud and show
# we could also give color_func=image_colors directly in the constructor
plt.imshow(wc.recolor(color_func=image_colors))
plt.axis("off")
# 绘制背景图片为颜色的图片
plt.figure()
plt.imshow(alice_coloring, cmap=plt.cm.gray)
plt.axis("off")
plt.show()
# 保存图片
wc.to_file(path.join(d, "名称.png"))