JavaWeb 学习笔记 spring+jdbc整合开发初步

JdbcTemplate类是Spring的核心类之一，可以在org.springframework.jdbc.core中找到它。JdbcTemplate类在内部已经处理数据库的建立和释放，可以避免一些常见的错误。

JdbcTemplate类可直接通过数据源的应用实例化，然后在服务中使用，也可在xml配置中作为JavaBean应用给服务使用

直接上一个实例

步骤1.xml配置

步骤2.建立与数据库对象对应的对象

package edu.gzu.springJDBC.bean;
public class User {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private String phonenum;
	
	public User(int id, String name, String phonenum) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.phonenum = phonenum;
	}
	//...省去相应需要的参数构造方法
	//...省去setter和getter方法
}

步骤3.由于spring AOP面向接口编程，建立相应的接口类

package edu.gzu.springJDBC;
import java.util.List;
import edu.gzu.springJDBC.bean.User;
public interface userBeanService {
	/**
	 * 存储用户信息对象
	 * @param user
	 */
	public void save(User user);
	/**
	 * 修改用户信息对抽象
	 * @param user
	 */
	public void update(User user);
	/**
	 * 根据id删除用户信息对象
	 * @param id
	 */
	public void delete(int id);
	/**
	 * 根据id获取相应的用户信息
	 * @param id
	 * @return
	 */
	public User getUserById(int id);
	/**
	 * 获取数据库中全部的用户信息对象
	 * @return
	 */
	public List getAllUser();
}

步骤4.编写实现接口的具体方法

package edu.gzu.springJDBC.impl;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import edu.gzu.springJDBC.userBeanService;
import edu.gzu.springJDBC.bean.User;
public class UserServiceImp implements userBeanService {
	private DataSource dataSource;
	private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

	public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
		this.dataSource = dataSource;
		this.jdbcTemplate=new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
	}

	@Override
	public void delete(int id) {
		jdbcTemplate.update("delete from user where id=?", new Object[]{id}, 
				new int[]{java.sql.Types.INTEGER});
		System.out.print("用户信息删除成功！");
	}

	@Override
	public List getAllUser() {
		List users=(List) jdbcTemplate.query("select * from user", new NewRowMapper());
		return users;
	}

	@Override
	public User getUserById(int id) {
		List users=(List) jdbcTemplate.query("select * from user where id=?",
				new Object[]{id}, new NewRowMapper());
		return users.get(0);
	}

	@Override
	public void save(User user) {
		jdbcTemplate.update("insert into user (name,phonenum) values (?,?)", 
				new String[]{user.getName(),user.getPhonenum()}, 
				new int[]{java.sql.Types.VARCHAR,java.sql.Types.VARCHAR});
		System.out.print("用户信息保存成功！");
	}

	@Override
	public void update(User user) {
		jdbcTemplate.update("update user set name=?,phonenum=? where id=?", 
				new Object[]{user.getName(),user.getPhonenum(),user.getId()},
				new int[]{java.sql.Types.VARCHAR,java.sql.Types.VARCHAR,java.sql.Types.INTEGER});
		System.out.print("用户信息更新成功！");
	}
}

//附：数据库查询条件返回的结果集匹配方法
package edu.gzu.springJDBC.impl;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import edu.gzu.springJDBC.bean.User;
public class NewRowMapper implements RowMapper {
	@Override
	public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int index) throws SQLException {
		User user=new User(rs.getString("name"));
		user.setId(rs.getShort("id"));
		user.setPhonenum(rs.getString("phonenum"));
		return user;
	}
}

步骤5.编写测试方法，测试接口类

package edu.gzu.springJDBC.Test;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import edu.gzu.springJDBC.userBeanService;
import edu.gzu.springJDBC.bean.User;
import edu.gzu.springJDBC.impl.UserServiceImp;
public class UserTest {
	private static userBeanService user;
	
	@BeforeClass
	public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {
		try {
			ApplicationContext act=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
			user=(userBeanService) act.getBean("userService");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	@Test public void deleteTest(){
		user.delete(7);
	}
	
	@Test public void updateTest(){
		User user4=new User(6,"朱元璋","13894349843");
		user.update(user4);
	}
	
	@Test public void findAllTest(){
		List user3=user.getAllUser();
		for(User user:user3){
			System.out.println("id:"+user.getId()+"  用户名："+user.getName()+"    电话号码："+user.getPhonenum());
		}
	}
	
	@Test public void saveTest(){
		Random rand=new Random();
		for(int i=0;i<6;i++){
			user.save(new User("贾"+i+"春","1568745"+(rand.nextInt(1000)+1000)));
		}
	}
	
	@Test public void findTest(){
		User user2=user.getUserById(2);
		System.out.println("用户名："+user2.getName()+"    电话号码："+user2.getPhonenum());
	}
}

附：需要导入的jar包

F:\开发库\commons\commons-logging-1.1.3.jar
F:\开发库\commons\commons-pool.jar
F:\开发库\commons\commons-dbcp-1.2.2-src\commons-dbcp-1.2.2.jar
F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring.jar
F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring-aop.jar
F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring-context.jar
F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring-core.jar
F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring-jdbc.jar
F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring-orm.jar
F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring-web.jar
F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring-webmvc.jar
F:\开发库\mysql-connector-java-5.1.18\mysql-connector-java-5.1.18-bin.jar
F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\spring-tx.jar