MySQL数据库之Mysql进阶
文章目录
- 二、Mysql进阶
- 2.1 多实例
- 2.1.1 普通方式
- 2.1.2 mysqld_multi方式
- 2.2 备份&恢复
- 2.2.1 备份
- 2.2.2 恢复
- 2.2.3 实验
- 2.2.4 三种备份恢复方法
- 2.3 主从复制
- 2.3.1 介绍
- 2.3.2 应用场景
- 2.3.3 主从同步原理
- 2.3.4 配置步骤
二、Mysql进阶
2.1 多实例
作用：用于在同一服务器上配置多个mysql服务，监听在不同端口。
2.1.1 普通方式
1.创建多实例目录
[root@mysql ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/{3307,3308}/data
[root@mysql ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/
[root@mysql ~]# ll /data/mysql/ -d
drwxr-xr-x 5 mysql mysql 4096 Jul 3 22:01 /data/mysql/
2.在不同的实例目录中编辑my.cnf
3307中my.cnf样本
[client]
default-character-set = utf8
port = 3306
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3307
socket = /data/mysql/3307/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/3307/data
log-error = /data/mysql/3307/mysql-error.log
pid-file = /data/mysql/3307/mysql.pid
log_slave_updates = 1
log-bin = /data/mysql/3307/mysql-bin
binlog_format = mixed
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
max_binlog_size = 1G
expire_logs_days = 90
key_buffer_size = 384M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size = 32M
query_cache_limit = 2M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
thread_concurrency = 32
#table_cache = 614
#table_open_cache = 512
open_files_limit = 10240
back_log = 600
max_connections = 5000
max_connect_errors = 6000
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 16M
default-storage-engine = MYISAM
thread_stack = 192k
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
tmp_table_size = 256M
max_heap_table_size = 512M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover
long_query_time = 2
slow_query_log
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/3307/slow.log
skip-name-resolve
skip-networking
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allow_packet = 64M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
safr-updates
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allow_packet = 64M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
safe-updates
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
3307参照3306的my.cnf
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3308
socket = /data/mysql/3308/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/3308/data
log-error = /data/mysql/3308/mysql-error.log
pid-file = /data/mysql/3308/mysql.pid
log_slave_updates = 1
log-bin = /data/mysql/3308/mysql-bin
3.初始化数据文件
[root@mysql ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/3307/3307my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql
[root@mysql ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/3308/3308my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql
4.启动mysql多实例
[root@mysql ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/3307/3307my.cnf > /dev/null 2>&1 &
[root@mysql ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/3308/3308my.cnf > /dev/null 2>&1 &
去找密码
[root@mysql ~]# tail /data/mysql/3307/mysql-error.log
2020-07-04T03:12:03.935537Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.20) initializing of server in progress as process 3702
2020-07-04T03:12:03.950285Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2020-07-04T03:12:07.211213Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2020-07-04T03:12:10.132323Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Sue/%%cT>0.D
5.登录到mysql多实例
[root@mysql ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.20
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR root@localhost ='123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
[root@mysql ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3308/mysql.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.20
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR root@localhost ='123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
6.关闭mysql多实例
mysqladmin -u root -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql.sock shutdown
mysqladmin -u root -p -S /data/mysql/3308/mysql.sock shutdown
2.1.2 mysqld_multi方式
mysqld_multi多实例脚本部署：https://www.cnblogs.com/01-single/p/9051412.html
#!/bin/bash
set -e
#定义mysql_multi多实例数据的配置,如需增加,在后面函数对应地方需要增加
mydir=/data/mysql_multi
#mysql sock
my1=mysql3307
my2=mysql3308
#mysql_multi name
mycnf1=mysqld3307
mycnf2=mysqld3308
#mysql port
my1_port=3307
my2_port=3308
#需要安装机器的内网IP
nei_eth=192.168.0.131
#mysql size
pool_size=2048M
#######################分割线，以上内容需要按需修改######################
pack="mysql-5.6.35.tar.gz"
pack_dir="mysql-5.6.35"
conf_file="/usr/local/mysql"
if [ ! -f ${pack} ]
then
echo "没有找到mysql安装包"
exit 1
fi
if [ -e /usr/local/mysql* ] || ps -ef | /bin/grep -Ev "$(basename $0)|grep" | /bin/grep -q mysql
then
echo "本机可能已安装有mysql,请检查确认！"
exit 2
fi
if /bin/grep mysql /etc/passwd || /bin/grep mysql /etc/group
then
echo "已存在mysql账户或用户组"
else
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql
fi
yum remove mysql*
yum -y install bison-devel ncurses-devel autoconf
tar xf ${pack} \
&& cd ${pack_dir} \
&& echo "configuring..." \
&& cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci >> /opt/make_mysql.txt \
&& echo "making..." \
&& make -j `grep processor /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l` >> /opt/make_mysql.txt \
&& echo "installing..." \
&& make install >> /opt/make_mysql.txt
if [ "$?" == 0 ];then
echo "程序安装成功，即将配置并启动"
else
echo "mysql安装失败"
exit 1
fi
rm -f /opt/make_mysql.txt
chown -R mysql:mysql ${conf_file}
cd ${conf_file}
scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql
[ -f /etc/my.cnf ] && mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
systemctl enable mysql
systemctl start mysql && echo "OK mysql启动成功" || echo "lost mysql启动失败"
#配置mysql_multi函数
install_mysql_multi() {
mkdir -p $mydir/{$my1,$my2}/{mydata,log}
chown -R mysql:mysql $mydir/{$my1,$my2}
cd ${conf_file}
scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=${conf_file} --datadir=$mydir/$my1/mydata --user=mysql
scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=${conf_file} --datadir=$mydir/$my2/mydata --user=mysql
touch $mydir/{$my1,$my2}/log/log-err.err
chown -R mysql:mysql $mydir/{$my1,$my2}/log/log-err.err
cat >${conf_file}/my.cnf<
2.2 备份&恢复
2.2.1 备份
mysqldump
语法：mysqldump -u root -p 数据库名 [表名]… > 文件路径
mysqldump的工作原理
-
mysqldump备份数据的过程，实际上就是把数据库从mysql库里以sql语句的形式直接输出并保存成文件的过程
-
备份的文件/* 到 */都是注释
使用egrep -v “^(#|–|/*)” FILE过滤注释
选项
-A备份所有数据库 mysqldump -u root -p -A -B -F --events-B DBNAME...#能接多个库，并添加创建库和切换库的语句（使用-B备份的sql文件恢复时不需要指定库，也不用手动创建库）-F切割binlog--master-data=1#1：执行从库从主库某位置的binlog恢复 ，2注释执行语句-x#锁表-d DBNAME#只备份表结构--compact#输出内容减少，用于调试--no-create-info|-t#只备份数据--single-transaction# 适合innodb事务数据库备份
实例
备份并压缩
mysqldump -u root -p -B DBNAME | gzip > xxx.gz
实例
[root@mysql ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p -B haha | gzip > haha.gz
Enter password:
[root@mysql ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg test2.sql download test.sql haha.gz
备份多个库
mysqldump -u root -p -B DBNAME1 DBNAME2 | gzip > FILE
分库备份 通过shell脚本
两种不同引擎的备份
myisam
mysql -u root -p -A -B --master-data=2 -x --events --flush-privileges | gzip > /tmp/xx.sql
innodb
mysql -u root -p -A -B --master-data=2 --single-transaction --events --flush-privileges | gzip > /tmp/xx.sql
2.2.2 恢复
1.binlog日志
功能
mysql的二进制日志文件，默认存放在mysql数据目录下
用来记录mysql内部增删改等对数据库有更新内容的记录
启用binlog功能
修改my.cnf中的[mysqld]
log-bin=FILENAME
mysqlbinlog
查看binlog日志
选项
-d DB #只导出指定库sql语句，默认binlog会保存所有库的操作
实例
使用binlog恢复数据库
mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.00001 > 1.sql
mysql -u root -p DBNAME < 1.sql
基于指定位置恢复
mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.00001 --start-position=106 > xx.sql
mysql < xx.sql
mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.00001 --stop-position=500
mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.00001 --start-position=106 --stop-position=500
基于指定时间恢复
mysqlbinlog --start-datetime="2017-10-17 16:52:06" mysql-bin.000001
mysqlbinlog --stop-datetime="2017-10-17 16:52:06" /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000001
mysqlbinlog --start-datetime="2017-10-17 16:52:06" --stop-datetime="2017-10-18 16:52:06" mysql-bin.000001
2.利用mysql中的source命令恢复
3.使用mysql命令恢复
mysql -uroot -p student < /var/backup/student_bak.sql
2.2.3 实验
1.开启3307实例的binlog日志
[root@mysql ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.20 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show variables like '%log_bin%';
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| log_bin | ON |
| log_bin_basename | /data/mysql/3307/mysql-bin |
| log_bin_index | /data/mysql/3307/mysql-bin.index |
| log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF |
| log_bin_use_v1_row_events | OFF |
| sql_log_bin | ON |
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------+
6 rows in set (1.15 sec)
2.在3307的实例上创建pldb,并建表插入数据(n个用户)
mysql> create database pldb;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.17 sec)
mysql> use pldb
Database changed
mysql> create table student(id int(4) not null,name char(20) not null,age tinyint(2) not null default '0',dept varchar(16) default null);
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (3.80 sec)
mysql> insert into student values(1,'alice',20,'CS'),(2,'bob',22,'CS'),(3,'haha',20,'MATH'),(4,'hehe',21,'ENG'),(5,'lihua',20,'CS'),(6,'xiaohong',20,'CS');
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.72 sec)
Records: 6 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from student;
+----+----------+-----+------+
| id | name | age | dept |
+----+----------+-----+------+
| 1 | alice | 20 | CS |
| 2 | bob | 22 | CS |
| 3 | haha | 20 | MATH |
| 4 | hehe | 21 | ENG |
| 5 | lihua | 20 | CS |
| 6 | xiaohong | 20 | CS |
+----+----------+-----+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3.备份pldb数据库的数据(–master-data=2)
[root@mysql ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -u root -p pldb --master-data=2 --single-transaction --events --flush-privileges -P 3307 -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql.sock > /tmp/pldb.sql
4.3307实例新数据写入数据库(插入新数据)
mysql> select * from student;
+----+----------+-----+------+
| id | name | age | dept |
+----+----------+-----+------+
| 1 | alice | 20 | CS |
| 2 | bob | 22 | CS |
| 3 | haha | 20 | MATH |
| 4 | hehe | 21 | ENG |
| 5 | lihua | 20 | CS |
| 6 | xiaohong | 20 | CS |
| 7 | pupu | 8 | CS |
| 8 | chaoyang | 14 | CS |
+----+----------+-----+------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into student values(9,'yanliang',14,'CS'),(10,'fanghao',14,'CS');
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from student;
+----+----------+-----+------+
| id | name | age | dept |
+----+----------+-----+------+
| 1 | alice | 20 | CS |
| 2 | bob | 22 | CS |
| 3 | haha | 20 | MATH |
| 4 | hehe | 21 | ENG |
| 5 | lihua | 20 | CS |
| 6 | xiaohong | 20 | CS |
| 7 | pupu | 8 | CS |
| 8 | chaoyang | 14 | CS |
| 9 | yanliang | 14 | CS |
| 10 | fanghao | 14 | CS |
+----+----------+-----+------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
5.将所有pldb数据库的数据恢复到3308实例中
在3308创建一个数据库
mysql> create database student3308;
Query OK, 1 row affected (1.03 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| student3308 |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
回复数据到3308
[root@mysql ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3308/mysql.sock student3308 < /tmp/pldb.sql
Enter password:
进去查看 发现只有之前插入的数据，备份完后插入的数据不在
mysql> use student3308
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+-----------------------+
| Tables_in_student3308 |
+-----------------------+
| student |
+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)
mysql> select * from student;
+----+----------+-----+------+
| id | name | age | dept |
+----+----------+-----+------+
| 1 | alice | 20 | CS |
| 2 | bob | 22 | CS |
| 3 | haha | 20 | MATH |
| 4 | hehe | 21 | ENG |
| 5 | lihua | 20 | CS |
| 6 | xiaohong | 20 | CS |
| 7 | pupu | 8 | CS |
| 8 | chaoyang | 14 | CS |
+----+----------+-----+------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
为什么呢：http://www.linuxmysql.com/14/2018/898.htm
深入理解–single-transaction:https://blog.csdn.net/bigtree_3721/article/details/76730325
1、对于支持事务的引擎如InnoDB，参数上是在备份的时候加上–single-transaction保证数据一致性
--single-transaction实际上通过做了下面两个操作：
①在开始的时候把该session的事务隔离级别设置成repeatable read；
②然后启动一个事务（执行bigin），备份结束的时候结束该事务（执行commit）
有了这两个操作，在备份过程中，该session读到的数据都是启动备份时的数据（同一个点）。可以理解为对于innodb引擎来说加了该参数，备份开始时就已经把要备份的数据定下来了，备份过程中的提交的事务时是看不到的，也不会备份进去。
2、对于不支持事务的引擎如MyISAM，只能通过锁表来保证数据一致性，这里分三种情况：
①导出全库：加–lock-all-tables参数，这会在备份开始的时候启动一个全局读锁（执行flush tables with read lock），其他session可以读取但不能更新数据，备份过程中数据没有变化，所以最终得到的数据肯定是完全一致的；
②导出单个库：加–lock-tables参数，这会在备份开始的时候锁该库的所有表，其他session可以读但不能更新该库的所有表，该库的数据一致；
③导出单个表：加–lock-tables参数，这会在备份开始的时候锁该表，其他表不受影响，该表数据一致。
2.2.4 三种备份恢复方法
1）备份恢复策略
1.要定期做 mysql 备份，并考虑系统可以承受的恢复时间。
2.确保 mysql 打开 log-bin，有了 binarylog，mysql 才可以在必要的时候做完整恢
复，或基于时间点的恢复，或基于位置的恢复。
3.要经常做备份恢复测试，确保备份是有效的，并且是可以恢复的。
2）冷备份
备份：
1.停掉 mysql 服务，在操作系统级别备份 mysql 的数据文件。
2.重启 mysql 服务，备份重启以后生成的 binlog。
恢复：
1.停掉 mysql 服务，在操作系统级别恢复 mysql 的数据文件。
2.重启 mysql 服务，使用 mysqlbinlog 恢复自备份以来的 binlog。
3）逻辑备份
备份：
1.选择在系统空闲时，比如在夜间，使用 mysqldump –F(flush-logs)备份数据库。
mysqldump –u root –p*** pointcard –F > pointcard.sql
2.并备份 mysqldump 开始以后生成的 binlog。
恢复：
1.停掉应用，执行 mysql 导入备份文件.
mysql –u root –p*** pointcard < pointcard.sql
2.使用 mysqlbinlog 恢复自 mysqldump 备份以来的 binlog。
mysqlbinlog $HOME/data/mysql-bin.123456 | mysql -u root –p***
4）备份工具ibbackup
使用方法：
编辑用于启动的配置文件my.cnf和用于备份的配置文件my2.cnf
my.cnf的例子如下：
[mysqld]
datadir = /home/alice/data
innodb_data_home_dir = /home/alice/data
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /home/alice/data
set-variable = innodb_log_files_in_group=2
set-variable = innodb_log_file_size=20M
如果想备份到/home/alice/backup，则my2.cnf的例子如下：
[mysqld]
datadir = /home/alice/backup
innodb_data_home_dir = /home/alice/backup
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /home/alice/backup
set-variable = innodb_log_files_in_group=2
set-variable = innodb_log_file_size=20M
开始备份
ibbackup my.cnf my2.cnf
如果需要恢复，则进行日志重做
ibbackup --apply-log my2.cnf
恢复后重启数据库服务
./bin/mysqld_saft --defaults-file=my2.cnf &
2.3 主从复制
2.3.1 介绍
mysql支持单向，双向，链式级联，在主从复制中，一台服务器充当主服务器master，而一个或多个充当从服务器slave，复制的过程是异步的（即有时延的）
各种主从复制逻辑图
- 单向主从
- 双向主从(不推荐)
- 一主多从
- 线性链式级联
2.3.2 应用场景
1.主从互为备份
当主服务器出现问题，我们可以人工/自动的切换到从服务器让其继续提供服务
2.读写分离
主从服务器可以通过程序（php，java等）或代理软件（mysql-proxy，amoeba）对用户对数据库的请求实现读写分离。从库一般只处理select查询请求，来降低用户查询的等待时间及缓解主服务器的压力，对于更新的请求则交给主服务器处理，并且要确保数据实时主从同步
3.根据业务拆分从库
根据业务的不同讲从库拆分为不同的部分，比如从1-3用于帖子浏览，从4用于后台访问，从5用于binlog备份
2.3.3 主从同步原理
注意事项
主库必须开启binlog功能
主从server-id 唯一
2.3.4 配置步骤
1.master开启binlog
[root@mysql ~]# vim /data/mysql/3307/3307my.cnf
[mysqld]
log_bin=/data/mysql/3307/mysql-bin
server-id=100
3308同理开启日志
并添加
server-id=101
2.创建用户用于主从复制
mysql> use mysql
mysql> CREATE USER 'master'@'192.168.217.153' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.25 sec)
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO [email protected];
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.17 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 4410 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for [email protected];
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for [email protected] |
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO `master`@`192.168.217.153` |
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master logs;
+------------------+-----------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size | Encrypted |
+------------------+-----------+-----------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 4410 | No |
+------------------+-----------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
3.主库全量备份
[root@mysql ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql.sock -B pldb > /tmp/pldb_bak.sql
4.从库做全量恢复
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -u root -p -S /data/mysql/3308/mysql.sock < /tmp/pldb_bak.sql
Enter password:
5.从库设定主库信息
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.217.153' , MASTER_PORT=3307,MASTER_USER='master' ,MASTER_PASSWORD='123' ,MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003' ,MASTER_LOG_POS=4410,get_master_public_key=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec)
6.从库开启主从复制
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.217.153
Master_User: master
Master_Port: 3307
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 4410
Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 324
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 4410
Relay_Log_Space: 533
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: 25ed5ffb-bda4-11ea-9987-000c297df451
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
Master_public_key_path:
Get_master_public_key: 1
Network_Namespace:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
7.测试
在主服务器Mysql，建立数据库，并在这个库中建表插入一条数据
mysql> use pldb
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> create table tt(id int(4) not null,name char(20) not null);
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.70 sec)
mysql> insert into tt values(1,'haha'),(2,'hehe');
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.16 sec)
Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
在从服务器Mysql查询
mysql> use pldb
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_pldb |
+----------------+
| grade |
| student |
| tt |
+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from tt;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
| 1 | haha |
| 2 | hehe |
+----+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)