javaweb生成中文验证码

javaweb生成中文验证码

  • 整理一份四字的文字列表的text文档
  • 配置web.xml
  • 创建java代码
  • 书写index.jsp访问页

看到有的网页的验证码是中文的,就想着自己也写一个,百度了下有关知识,修改成了自己的内容。

文章末尾贡献源码

该文章的思路是:

1,整理一份四字的文字列表的text文档,
2,然后放到项目的WEB-INF下面,
3,然后配置web.xml,
4,然后创建java代码,
5,读取配置文件内容到list中,
6,每次随机获取一个四字字符串作为验证码,
7,然后书写index.jsp访问页,
8,然后部署访问

整理一份四字的文字列表的text文档

一唱一和
一呼百应
一干二净
一举两得
一落千丈
一模一样
一暴十寒
一日千里
一五一十
一心一意
两面三刀
三长两短
三番五次
三三两两
三头六臂
三心二意
三言两语
四分五裂
四面八方
四通八达
........

配置web.xml

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>checkcodeservlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.itstyle.checkcode.Checkcodeservlet-class>
servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>checkcodeservlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/checkcodeurl-pattern>
servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jspwelcome-file>
welcome-file-list>

创建java代码

package com.itstyle.checkcode;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * @author pcs 2019年4月20日 10:22:31
 */
public class Checkcode extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
// 集合中保存所有成语
private List<String> words = new ArrayList<String>();

@Override
public void init() throws ServletException {
    // 初始化阶段,读取new_words.txt
    // web工程中读取 文件,必须使用绝对磁盘路径
    String path = getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/new_words.txt");
    try {
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                new FileInputStream(path), "utf-8"));
        String line;
        while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            words.add(line);
        }
        reader.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
        throws ServletException, IOException {
    // 禁止缓存
    // response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
    // response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
    // response.setDateHeader("Expires", -1);
    int width = 120;
    int height = 30;
    // 步骤一 绘制一张内存中图片
    BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(width, height,
            BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

    // 步骤二 图片绘制背景颜色 ---通过绘图对象
    Graphics graphics = bufferedImage.getGraphics();// 得到画图对象 --- 画笔
    // 绘制任何图形之前 都必须指定一个颜色
    graphics.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
    graphics.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);

    // 步骤三 绘制边框
    graphics.setColor(Color.WHITE);
    graphics.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);

    // 步骤四 四个随机数字
    Graphics2D graphics2d = (Graphics2D) graphics;
    // 设置输出字体
    graphics2d.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 18));

    Random random = new Random();// 生成随机数
    int index = random.nextInt(words.size());
    String word = words.get(index);// 获得成语

    // 定义x坐标
    int x = 10;
    for (int i = 0; i < word.length(); i++) {
        // 随机颜色
        graphics2d.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random
                .nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
        // 旋转 -30 --- 30度
        int jiaodu = random.nextInt(60) - 30;
        // 换算弧度
        double theta = jiaodu * Math.PI / 180;

        // 获得字母数字
        char c = word.charAt(i);

        // 将c 输出到图片
        graphics2d.rotate(theta, x, 20);
        graphics2d.drawString(String.valueOf(c), x, 20);
        graphics2d.rotate(-theta, x, 20);
        x += 30;
    }

    // 将验证码内容保存session
    request.getSession().setAttribute("checkcode_session", word);

    System.out.println(word);

    // 步骤五 绘制干扰线
    graphics.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
    int x1;
    int x2;
    int y1;
    int y2;
    for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
        x1 = random.nextInt(width);
        x2 = random.nextInt(12);
        y1 = random.nextInt(height);
        y2 = random.nextInt(12);
        graphics.drawLine(x1, y1, x1 + x2, x2 + y2);
    }

    // 将上面图片输出到浏览器 ImageIO
    graphics.dispose();// 释放资源
    ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "jpg", response.getOutputStream());

}

public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
        throws ServletException, IOException {
    doGet(request, response);
}

/**
 * 取其某一范围的color
 * @param fc int 范围参数1
 * @param bc int 范围参数2
 * @return Color
 */
private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
    // 取其随机颜色
    Random random = new Random();
    if (fc > 255) {
        fc = 255;
    }
    if (bc > 255) {
        bc = 255;
    }
    int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
    int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
    int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
    return new Color(r, g, b);
}
}

书写index.jsp访问页

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF8" %>

<html>
<head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    <title>生成中文验证码title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function change() {
            document.getElementById("image").src = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/checkcode?time"
                + new Date().getTime();
        };
    script>
head>
<body>
<center style="padding-top: 50px;">
    <img src='${pageContext.request.contextPath}/checkcode' id="image" onclick="change();">
    <br/>
    <span id="checkcode_span">
       <a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="change();"><font color='black'>看不清,换一张font>a>
    span>
center>
body>
html>

源代码,请到我的github下载:https://github.com/pcsAndRcx/checkcode_chinese

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