消息总线(Bus)

Spring Cloud Bus将分布式系统的节点与轻量级消息代理链接。可以用于通知状态更改(例如配置更改)或其他管理指令。一个关键的地方是,Bus就像一个分布式执行器,用于扩展的Spring Boot应用程序,同时还可以用作应用程序之间的通信通道…

- Bus

Spring Cloud Bus是通过添加Spring Boot自动配置(Auto Configuration),如果它在class path中被检测到,则可以工作。所有启用Spring Cloud Bus的都需要添加spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqpspring-cloud-starter-bus-kafka依赖管理,并且Spring Cloud负责其余部分。确保代理(RabbitMQ或Kafka)可用和配置:在本地主机上运行,​​您不应该做任何事情,但如果您远程运行使用Spring Cloud连接器或Spring Boot定义经纪人凭据的约定,例如Rabbit

官方文档:http://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/Dalston.SR2/#_spring_cloud_bus

- RabbitMQ搭建

RabbitMQ搭建:http://blog.battcn.com/2017/08/20/linux/linux-centos7-ribbitmq/

- 开始

1.拷贝battcn-cloud-config代码进行改造,其中battcn-config-server不需要动

2.pom.xml 导入AMQP包

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<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discoveryartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-clientartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuatorartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqpartifactId>
dependency>
dependencies>

3.添加@RefreshScope注解

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@RestController
@RefreshScope
public class TestController {

@Value("${order.name}")
String orderName;

@RequestMapping("/test")
public String test() {
return "client ====>>> " + orderName;
}
}

4.给battcn-config-client配置rabbitmq信息

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server:
port: 9001
spring:
application:
name: battcn-config-client
cloud:
config:
name: config-server
profile: order-default
uri: http://localhost:9000
consul:
host: localhost
port: 8500
enabled: true
discovery:
enabled: true
prefer-ip-address: true
rabbitmq:
addresses: 192.168.31.86
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest
management:
security:
enabled: false

- 测试

1.启动consul

2.启动battcn-config-serverbattcn-config-client

3.访问:http://localhost:9001/test 会看到如下内容,表示服正常

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client ====>>> My Name's Order Service,Are you Afraid?

4.修改battcn-config-serverconfig-server-order-default.yml文件的内容

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order:
name: My Name's Order Service,Are you Afraid?123

5.只重启battcn-config-server 同时发送POST请求:http://localhost:9001/bus/refresh 通知服务刷新配置

6.再次访问:http://localhost:9001/test 会看到如下内容,表示服正常

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client ====>>> My Name's Order Service,Are you Afraid?123

battcn-config-server日志

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2017-08-21 20:45:09.048  INFO 11420 --- [nio-9000-exec-3] o.s.cloud.commons.util.InetUtils         : Cannot determine local hostname
2017-08-21 20:45:09.074 INFO 11420 --- [nio-9000-exec-3] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@5e6721d9: startup date [Mon Aug 21 20:45:09 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-08-21 20:45:09.080 INFO 11420 --- [nio-9000-exec-3] o.s.c.c.s.e.NativeEnvironmentRepository : Adding property source: classpath:/config-server-order-default.yml
2017-08-21 20:45:09.080 INFO 11420 --- [nio-9000-exec-3] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Closing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@5e6721d9: startup date [Mon Aug 21 20:45:09 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy

battcn-config-client日志

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2017-08-21 20:45:54.896  INFO 16768 --- [nio-9001-exec-8] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@7dc4513: startup date [Mon Aug 21 20:45:54 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-08-21 20:45:54.906 INFO 16768 --- [nio-9001-exec-8] f.a.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor : JSR-330 'javax.inject.Inject' annotation found and supported for autowiring
2017-08-21 20:45:54.907 INFO 16768 --- [nio-9001-exec-8] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'configurationPropertiesRebinderAutoConfiguration' of type [org.springframework.cloud.autoconfigure.ConfigurationPropertiesRebinderAutoConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$6f70a08a] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-08-21 20:45:55.973 INFO 16768 --- [nio-9001-exec-8] o.s.cloud.commons.util.InetUtils : Cannot determine local hostname
2017-08-21 20:45:55.994 INFO 16768 --- [nio-9001-exec-8] c.c.c.ConfigServicePropertySourceLocator : Fetching config from server at: http://localhost:9000
2017-08-21 20:45:57.093 INFO 16768 --- [nio-9001-exec-8] c.c.c.ConfigServicePropertySourceLocator : Located environment: name=config-server, profiles=[order-default], label=null, version=null, state=null
2017-08-21 20:45:57.093 INFO 16768 --- [nio-9001-exec-8] b.c.PropertySourceBootstrapConfiguration : Located property source: CompositePropertySource [name='configService', propertySources=[MapPropertySource [name='classpath:/config-server-order-default.yml']]]
2017-08-21 20:45:57.094 INFO 16768 --- [nio-9001-exec-8] o.s.boot.SpringApplication : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2017-08-21 20:45:57.095 INFO 16768 --- [nio-9001-exec-8] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@676107bb: startup date [Mon Aug 21 20:45:57 CST 2017]; parent: org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@7dc4513
2017-08-21 20:45:57.096 INFO 16768 --- [nio-9001-exec-8] f.a.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor : JSR-330 'javax.inject.Inject' annotation found and supported for autowiring
2017-08-21 20:45:57.099 INFO 16768 --- [nio-9001-exec-8] o.s.boot.SpringApplication : Started application in 3.294 seconds (JVM running for 1514.761)
2017-08-21 20:45:57.099 INFO 16768 --- [nio-9001-exec-8] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Closing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@676107bb: startup date [Mon Aug 21 20:45:57 CST 2017]; parent: org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@7dc4513
2017-08-21 20:45:57.217 INFO 16768 --- [nio-9001-exec-8] o.s.cloud.bus.event.RefreshListener : Received remote refresh request. Keys refreshed []

通过日志可以分析出,battcn-config-server重新加载了classpath:/config-server-order-default.yml文件,并且客户端重新读取了[name='configService', propertySources=[MapPropertySource [name='classpath:/config-server-order-default.yml']]],有兴趣的可以DEBUG源码看详细的处理过程…

- 疑问解答

  • 在测试第四步中,之所以修改yaml后重启,是因为我们的config是本地的而不是GIT仓库,所以项目没法加载,但是这种方式即使关闭了config,调用过的服务依旧是可以正常使用的,包括旧的配置依旧正常读取使用,Config做了本地缓存

  • 博客只演示了一个battcn-config-client的情况,多个client其实效果一样只需要刷新其中一个,剩下的都会跟着刷新,比如battcn-config-client启动了3个实例,分别是9001,9002,9003,访问:http://localhost:9001/bus/refresh,三个实例的结果都是一样

消息总线(Bus)_第1张图片架构图

- 刷新范围

上面的例子中,我们通过向服务实例请求Spring Cloud Bus/bus/refresh接口,从而触发总线上其他服务实例的/refresh。但是有些特殊场景下(比如:灰度发布),我们希望可以刷新微服务中某个具体实例的配置。

Spring Cloud Bus对这种场景也有很好的支持:/bus/refresh接口还提供了destination参数,用来定位具体要刷新的应用程序。比如,我们可以请求/bus/refresh?destination=customers:9000,此时总线上的各应用实例会根据destination属性的值来判断是否为自己的实例名,若符合才进行配置刷新,若不符合就忽略该消息。

destination参数除了可以定位具体的实例之外,还可以用来定位具体的服务。定位服务的原理是通过使用SpringPathMatecher(路径匹配)来实现,比如:/bus/refresh?destination=customers:**(以冒号的路径分隔符:)来确定一个实例是否处理该消息,该配置的请求会触发customers服务的所有实例进行刷新。

- 优化方案

既然访问任意端口都可以通知全部实例,那么我们利用刷新范围的方式,将battcn-config-server也添加上spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp和 rabbitmq的配置信息,访问:http://localhost:9000/bus/refresh?destination=battcn-config-client:** 结果一样,battcn-config-client依然会去读取最新配置

消息总线(Bus)_第2张图片优化后

主要做了这些改动:

1.在Config Server中也引入Spring Cloud Bus,将配置服务端也加入到消息总线中来。
2./bus/refresh请求不在发送到具体服务实例上,而是发送给Config Server,并通过destination参数来指定需要更新配置的服务或实例。

参考博客:http://blog.didispace.com/springcloud7/

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/lywJ/p/10715624.html

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