linux下卷组管理
1、首先通过fdisk -l查看当前存在的物理磁盘
[root@rac1 work]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 2610 20860402+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 536 MB, 536870912 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 512 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/sdc: 536 MB, 536870912 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 512 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table
2、使用pvcreate创建PV物理分区（可以pvcreate /dev/sdb /dev/sdd同时创建多个PV）
[root@rac1 work]# pvcreate /dev/sdd
Physical volume "/dev/sdd" successfully created
3、PV创建成功，可以是用pvscan和pvdisplay进行查询当前PV状况
[root@rac1 work]# pvscan
PV /dev/sdb VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 8.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sdc VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 508.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sdd VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 508.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sda2 VG VolGroup00 lvm2 [19.88 GB / 0 free]
PV /dev/sde lvm2 [512.00 MB]
PV /dev/sdf lvm2 [512.00 MB]
Total: 6 [22.36 GB] / in use: 4 [21.36 GB] / in no VG: 2 [1.00 GB]
4、通过vgscan和vgdisplay查询当前VG信息
[root@rac1 work]# vgscan
Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while...
Found volume group "vg01" using metadata type lvm2
Found volume group "VolGroup00" using metadata type lvm2
[root@rac1 work]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg01
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 3
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 3
Act PV 3
VG Size 1.49 GB
PE Size 4.00 MB
Total PE 381
Alloc PE / Size 125 / 500.00 MB
Free PE / Size 256 / 1.00 GB
VG UUID tBqgwY-7PdL-I1B0-JsXP-240U-MMN0-zviktm
5、使用vgcreate创建卷组
[root@rac1 work]#vgcreate vg1 /dev/sdb
#vgcreate vg2 /dev/sdc
#vgscan
#vgdisplay
6、vgextend扩充卷组
[root@rac1 work]# vgextend vg01 /dev/sde
Volume group "vg01" successfully extended
[root@rac1 work]# pvscan
PV /dev/sdb VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 8.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sdc VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 508.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sdd VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 508.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sde VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 508.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sdf VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 508.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sda2 VG VolGroup00 lvm2 [19.88 GB / 0 free]
Total: 6 [22.36 GB] / in use: 6 [22.36 GB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]
7、lvcreate创建逻辑卷（分别创建work和study两个逻辑卷）
#lvcreate -L 1200M -n oracle oravg
#lvcreate -L 500M -n study vg2
#lvscan
#lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/vg2/study
VG Name vg2
LV UUID 53VT9v-dyp0-lSST-eDFz-w2Ns-Os0Z-ERnqVU
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 500.00 MB
Current LE 125
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:1
8、lvextend增加减少LV大小
[root@rac1 work]# lvextend -L +100M /dev/vg01/lv11
Extending logical volume lv11 to 800.00 MB
Logical volume lv11 successfully resized
9、 删除逻辑卷-卷组-物理卷 (必需按照先后顺序来执行删除)
#lvremove /dev/vg0/vg1 删除逻辑卷
a、先卸载目录挂载 umount
使用lvchange -a n /dev/vg01/lv11更改lv在线状态
[root@rac1 ~]# lvscan
ACTIVE Original '/dev/vg01/lv11' [800.00 MB] inherit
ACTIVE Snapshot '/dev/vg01/kuaizhao' [12.00 MB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00' [17.94 GB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01' [1.94 GB] inherit
[root@rac1 ~]# lvchange -a n /dev/vg01/lv11
[root@rac1 ~]# lvscan
inactive Original '/dev/vg01/lv11' [800.00 MB] inherit
inactive Snapshot '/dev/vg01/kuaizhao' [12.00 MB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00' [17.94 GB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01' [1.94 GB] inherit
b、如果删除不了，要先确认是否已经做过快照（snapshot），先删除快照
#vgremove /dev/vg0 删除卷组
这里有一个问题,如果建立的卷组是活动的,他就不能删除
这里需要使用一个命令来是他变成固定的,以便删除
#vgchage -a n /dev/vg0
-a 参数指定卷组是否是活动的,n表示固定,y表示活动
#vgremove /dev/vg0
成功
物理卷的删除,移除/etc下的lvmconf 和lvmtab的两个文件,然后将分区转换为linux的就可以了
10、 分区格式化
#mkfs.ext3 /dev/vg1/work //或 #mkfs -j /dev/vg1/work
#mkfs.ext3 /dev/vg2/study //...
#df–l
Disk /dev/hda:8589 MB,8589934592 bytes
255 heads,63 sectors/track,1044 cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/hda1* 1 32 257008+ 83 Linux
/dev/hda2 33 97 522112+ 83 Linux
/dev/hda3 98 358 2096482+83 Linux
/dev/hda4 359 1044 5510295 5 Extended
/dev/hda5 359 549 1534176 83 Linux
/dev/hda6 550 848 2401686 83 Linux
/dev/hda7 849 913 522081 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/hda8 914 978 522081 83 Linux
/dev/hda9 979 1043 522081 83 Linux
11、挂载新分区
#mkdir../home/work../home/study
#mount../dev/vg1/work../home/work
#mount../dev/vg2/study../home/study
#df–Th
Filesystem Type SizeUsed Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda2 ext3 494M 212M 257M 46% /
/dev/hda9 ext3 494M 45M 425M 10% /var
/dev/hda8 ext3 494M 11M 458M 3% /opt
/dev/hda6 ext3 2.3G 68M 2.1G 4% /home
/dev/hda3 ext3 2.0G 1.7G 182M 91% /usr
/dev/hda5 ext3 1.5G 35M 1.4G 3% /usr/local
/dev/hda1 ext3 244M 12M 219M 6% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 125M 0 125M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/vg1-work
ext3 485M 11M 449M 3% /home/work
/dev/mapper/vg2-study
ext3 485M 11M 449M 3% /home/study
[root@rac1 work]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 2610 20860402+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 536 MB, 536870912 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 512 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/sdc: 536 MB, 536870912 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 512 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table
2、使用pvcreate创建PV物理分区（可以pvcreate /dev/sdb /dev/sdd同时创建多个PV）
[root@rac1 work]# pvcreate /dev/sdd
Physical volume "/dev/sdd" successfully created
3、PV创建成功，可以是用pvscan和pvdisplay进行查询当前PV状况
[root@rac1 work]# pvscan
PV /dev/sdb VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 8.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sdc VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 508.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sdd VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 508.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sda2 VG VolGroup00 lvm2 [19.88 GB / 0 free]
PV /dev/sde lvm2 [512.00 MB]
PV /dev/sdf lvm2 [512.00 MB]
Total: 6 [22.36 GB] / in use: 4 [21.36 GB] / in no VG: 2 [1.00 GB]
4、通过vgscan和vgdisplay查询当前VG信息
[root@rac1 work]# vgscan
Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while...
Found volume group "vg01" using metadata type lvm2
Found volume group "VolGroup00" using metadata type lvm2
[root@rac1 work]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg01
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 3
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 3
Act PV 3
VG Size 1.49 GB
PE Size 4.00 MB
Total PE 381
Alloc PE / Size 125 / 500.00 MB
Free PE / Size 256 / 1.00 GB
VG UUID tBqgwY-7PdL-I1B0-JsXP-240U-MMN0-zviktm
5、使用vgcreate创建卷组
[root@rac1 work]#vgcreate vg1 /dev/sdb
#vgcreate vg2 /dev/sdc
#vgscan
#vgdisplay
6、vgextend扩充卷组
[root@rac1 work]# vgextend vg01 /dev/sde
Volume group "vg01" successfully extended
[root@rac1 work]# pvscan
PV /dev/sdb VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 8.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sdc VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 508.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sdd VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 508.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sde VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 508.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sdf VG vg01 lvm2 [508.00 MB / 508.00 MB free]
PV /dev/sda2 VG VolGroup00 lvm2 [19.88 GB / 0 free]
Total: 6 [22.36 GB] / in use: 6 [22.36 GB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]
7、lvcreate创建逻辑卷（分别创建work和study两个逻辑卷）
#lvcreate -L 1200M -n oracle oravg
#lvcreate -L 500M -n study vg2
#lvscan
#lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/vg2/study
VG Name vg2
LV UUID 53VT9v-dyp0-lSST-eDFz-w2Ns-Os0Z-ERnqVU
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 500.00 MB
Current LE 125
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:1
8、lvextend增加减少LV大小
[root@rac1 work]# lvextend -L +100M /dev/vg01/lv11
Extending logical volume lv11 to 800.00 MB
Logical volume lv11 successfully resized
9、 删除逻辑卷-卷组-物理卷 (必需按照先后顺序来执行删除)
#lvremove /dev/vg0/vg1 删除逻辑卷
a、先卸载目录挂载 umount
使用lvchange -a n /dev/vg01/lv11更改lv在线状态
[root@rac1 ~]# lvscan
ACTIVE Original '/dev/vg01/lv11' [800.00 MB] inherit
ACTIVE Snapshot '/dev/vg01/kuaizhao' [12.00 MB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00' [17.94 GB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01' [1.94 GB] inherit
[root@rac1 ~]# lvchange -a n /dev/vg01/lv11
[root@rac1 ~]# lvscan
inactive Original '/dev/vg01/lv11' [800.00 MB] inherit
inactive Snapshot '/dev/vg01/kuaizhao' [12.00 MB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00' [17.94 GB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01' [1.94 GB] inherit
b、如果删除不了，要先确认是否已经做过快照（snapshot），先删除快照
#vgremove /dev/vg0 删除卷组
这里有一个问题,如果建立的卷组是活动的,他就不能删除
这里需要使用一个命令来是他变成固定的,以便删除
#vgchage -a n /dev/vg0
-a 参数指定卷组是否是活动的,n表示固定,y表示活动
#vgremove /dev/vg0
成功
物理卷的删除,移除/etc下的lvmconf 和lvmtab的两个文件,然后将分区转换为linux的就可以了
10、 分区格式化
#mkfs.ext3 /dev/vg1/work //或 #mkfs -j /dev/vg1/work
#mkfs.ext3 /dev/vg2/study //...
#df–l
Disk /dev/hda:8589 MB,8589934592 bytes
255 heads,63 sectors/track,1044 cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/hda1* 1 32 257008+ 83 Linux
/dev/hda2 33 97 522112+ 83 Linux
/dev/hda3 98 358 2096482+83 Linux
/dev/hda4 359 1044 5510295 5 Extended
/dev/hda5 359 549 1534176 83 Linux
/dev/hda6 550 848 2401686 83 Linux
/dev/hda7 849 913 522081 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/hda8 914 978 522081 83 Linux
/dev/hda9 979 1043 522081 83 Linux
11、挂载新分区
#mkdir../home/work../home/study
#mount../dev/vg1/work../home/work
#mount../dev/vg2/study../home/study
#df–Th
Filesystem Type SizeUsed Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda2 ext3 494M 212M 257M 46% /
/dev/hda9 ext3 494M 45M 425M 10% /var
/dev/hda8 ext3 494M 11M 458M 3% /opt
/dev/hda6 ext3 2.3G 68M 2.1G 4% /home
/dev/hda3 ext3 2.0G 1.7G 182M 91% /usr
/dev/hda5 ext3 1.5G 35M 1.4G 3% /usr/local
/dev/hda1 ext3 244M 12M 219M 6% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 125M 0 125M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/vg1-work
ext3 485M 11M 449M 3% /home/work
/dev/mapper/vg2-study
ext3 485M 11M 449M 3% /home/study
本文转自 hsbxxl 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/hsbxxl/813595，如需转载请自行联系原作者