java中使用阻塞队列解决生产者消费者问题

java语言中提供了blockingQueue阻塞队列以及几种实现：

在解决多线程生产者，消费者问题的时候，可以使用阻塞队列来代替java同步原语wati()和notify()以及sychronized。简化编程模型。

下面使用linkedBlockingQueue来简化生产者消费者问题[1]。

问题：有一台机器有三个任务，一个制作toast，一个抹黄油，一个涂果酱，还有一个消费toast的人，总共有四个任务，使用队列解决这四个任务之间的协同？
解决方法描述如下图：

1. make线程制作toast之后put到dryQueue
2. butterer线程从dryQueue队列take获得toast，处理之后放入butteredQueue队列
3. jammer线程从butteredQueue队列take获得toast，处理之后放入finnishedQueue队列

阻塞队列take方法在队列为空时阻塞，直到队列中有元素为止。使用阻塞队列处理的好处就是：在程序中可以不使用任何显示的同步以及wait()/notify()等方法。

1，toast类
使用枚举类型描述toast的状态

/**
 * 枚举类
 * @author lecky
 *
 */
public class Toast {
    public  enum Status {DRY,BUTTER,JAMMED}
    private Status status = Status.DRY;
    private final int id;
    public Toast(int id) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
    }
    public void butter(){
        status = Status.BUTTER;
    }
    public void jammer(){
        status = Status.JAMMED;
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public Status getStatus() {
        return status;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Toast [status=" + status + ", id=" + id + "]";
    }
}

2，Toaster类

import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;

/**
 * 制作面包线程
 * 只与dryQueue阻塞队列交互，做完面包之后就交给dryQueue队列
 * @author lecky
 *
 */
public class Toaster implements Runnable{
    private BlockingQueue dryQueue;
    private int count=0;

    public Toaster(BlockingQueue dryQueue) {
        this.dryQueue = dryQueue;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            while (!Thread.interrupted()) {
                Thread.sleep(1000);//制作toast
                Toast t = new Toast(++count);
                dryQueue.put(t);
                System.out.println("toaster make the toast!"+t);
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            System.out.println("Toaster InterruptedException");
        }
        System.out.println("Toaster OK!");
    }
}

3，Butterer类

import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;

/**
 * 抹黄油线程
 * 从dryQueue队列获得任务，并抹黄油之后交给butterQueue队列
 * @author lecky
 *
 */
public class Butterer implements Runnable{
    private BlockingQueue dryQueue;
    private BlockingQueue butterQueue;

    public Butterer(BlockingQueue dryQueue,
            BlockingQueue butterQueue) {
        this.dryQueue = dryQueue;
        this.butterQueue = butterQueue;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            while (!Thread.interrupted()) {
                Toast t = dryQueue.take();
                System.out.println("Butterer Take The Toast and buttering........"+t);
                t.butter();
                Thread.sleep(500);//butterer过程
                butterQueue.put(t);
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            System.out.println("Butter InterruptedException");
        }
        System.out.println("butterer Off!");
    }
}

4，Jammer类

import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;

/**
 * 涂果酱任务
 * 从butterQueue队列获取任务并涂上果酱，交给finishedQueue
 * @author lecky
 *
 */
public class Jammer implements Runnable{
    private BlockingQueue butterQueue;
    private BlockingQueue finishedQueue;
    public Jammer(BlockingQueue butterQueue,
            BlockingQueue finishedQueue) {
        this.butterQueue = butterQueue;
        this.finishedQueue = finishedQueue;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            while (!Thread.interrupted()) {
                Toast t = butterQueue.take();
                System.out.println("jammer take the toast and jammering......"+t);
                t.jammer();
                Thread.sleep(300);
                finishedQueue.put(t);
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            System.out.println("Jammer InterruptedException");
        }
        System.out.println("Jammer Off!");
    }
}

5，Eater类

import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;

/**
 * 从finishedQueue获取任务并消费任务
 * @author lecky
 *
 */
public class Eater implements Runnable {
    private BlockingQueue finishedQueue;
    private int counter=0;
    public Eater(BlockingQueue finishedQueue) {
        this.finishedQueue = finishedQueue;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            while (!Thread.interrupted()){
                Toast t = finishedQueue.take();
                if(++counter != t.getId() || Toast.Status.JAMMED !=t.getStatus()){
                    System.out.println("error>>>>"+t);
                    System.exit(0);
                }
                System.out.println("eater take the toast and eat...."+t);
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            System.out.println("eater InterruptedException");
        }
        System.out.println("eater off!");
    }
}

6，测试类

import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

public class ToastMatic {

    @Test
    public void test() throws InterruptedException {
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        BlockingQueue dryQueue = new LinkedBlockingDeque();
        BlockingQueue butteredQueue = new LinkedBlockingDeque();
        BlockingQueue finishedQueue = new LinkedBlockingDeque();
        executor.execute(new Eater(finishedQueue));
        executor.execute(new Jammer(butteredQueue, finishedQueue));
        executor.execute(new Butterer(dryQueue, butteredQueue));
        executor.execute(new Toaster(dryQueue));
        Thread.sleep(5*1000);
        System.out.println("shunDown");
        executor.shutdownNow();;
    }
}

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[1].Thinking in java