原文：http://blog.csdn.net/u012341163/article/details/51065310
1、前期准备
1 上opencv官网，下载opencv for Android
2 安装 Android studio
2、方法一（使用C++实现底层算法再利用jni传递使用)
开始配置
1.安装Android NDK
新建项目，建完后可通过Android studio下载Android NDK环境
一般是没有Android NDK的，勾上后点Apply，然后等它下载，安装
PS：需要，不知道如何的，参考如下网址
google
2 添加opencv native包
将opencv官网上下载好的opencv for Android 中的native文件夹，拷贝到建好的工程根目录下，如图
拷贝前：
拷贝后：
3 配置编译环境
编辑gradle.properties文件，增加下面的属性使用旧版的ndk功能（不添加会使用实验性的ndk构建工具）
android.useDeprecatedNdk=true
在local.properties文件中配置ndk目录
ndk.dir=D:\Android\sdk\ndk-bundle
sdk.dir=D:\Android\sdk
（如果是通过Android studio 来安装的Android NDK 这一步可以不用，因为Android studio安装NDK了）自动配置好
编辑build.gradle，在android节点中增加下面的代码
sourceSets.main.jni.srcDirs = []
sourceSets.main.jniLibs.srcDirs = ['src/main/libs','src/main/jniLibs']
task ndkBuild(type: Exec, description: 'Compile JNI source with NDK') {
Properties properties = new Properties()
properties.load(project.rootProject.file('local.properties').newDataInputStream())
def ndkDir = properties.getProperty('ndk.dir')
if (org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.condition.Os.isFamily(org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.condition.Os.FAMILY_WINDOWS)) {
commandLine "$ndkDir/ndk-build.cmd", '-C', file('src/main/jni').absolutePath
} else {
commandLine "$ndkDir/ndk-build", '-C', file('src/main/jni').absolutePath
}
}
tasks.withType(JavaCompile) {
compileTask -> compileTask.dependsOn ndkBuild
}
task ndkClean(type: Exec, description: 'Clean NDK Binaries') {
Properties properties = new Properties()
properties.load(project.rootProject.file('local.properties').newDataInputStream())
def ndkDir = properties.getProperty('ndk.dir')
if (org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.condition.Os.isFamily(org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.condition.Os.FAMILY_WINDOWS)) {
commandLine "$ndkDir/ndk-build.cmd",'clean', '-C', file('src/main/jni').absolutePath
} else {
commandLine "$ndkDir/ndk-build",'clean', '-C', file('src/main/jni').absolutePath
}
}
clean.dependsOn 'ndkClean'
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加入前：
加入后（代码太长截图没截完）：
在main中新建jni目录，并在jni中新建Android.mk和Application.mk
在Android.mk中加入如下代码
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
OpenCV_INSTALL_MODULES := on
OpenCV_CAMERA_MODULES := off
OPENCV_LIB_TYPE :=STATIC
ifeq ("$(wildcard $(OPENCV_MK_PATH))","")
include ..\..\..\..\native\jni\OpenCV.mk
else
include $(OPENCV_MK_PATH)
endif
LOCAL_MODULE := OpenCV
LOCAL_SRC_FILES :=
LOCAL_LDLIBS += -lm -llog
include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
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在Application.mk中加入如下代码
APP_STL := gnustl_static
APP_CPPFLAGS := -frtti -fexceptions
APP_ABI := armeabi armeabi-v7a
APP_PLATFORM := android-8
这时候，使用gradle构建一下，如果能成功构建出so，说明配置没问题，如下图，点击Android studio右侧的gradle展开，在app->other中找到ndkbuild(没有就刷新)进行构建
4 实现jni调用
在建项目时自带的Java文件所在的文件夹中，新建一个java文件，声明native方法，这里尝试实现灰度化方法，所以命名为gray
使用javah命令生成头文件，利用AS（android studio）下方的terminal窗口
如图：
这里需要注意，有大坑，不会javah的人尤其注意，这里不能进入刚才新建的java文件所在那个目录进行生成，会出现找不到“XXX”类错误，使用javah命令时，必须进入java目录，即上图中cd进去的那个目录，然后使用
javah -d ../jni com.example.administrator.tryopencv.OpenCVHelper
其中中间的-d ../jni 是指定输出目录，后面需要生成头文件的java名称一定要写完整，要从com开始写，每一层包含关系都写出来，即写成这样com.example.administrator.tryopencv.OpenCVHelper
这样才没问题，在jni目录中会出现生成的头文件，如上图所示
头文件中内容如下：
然后新建刚才生成的.h对应的cpp文件，注意文件名称和函数名称，一定要一致哦
建好后就在里面写实现函数啦，灰度化图像
//
// Created by Administrator on 2015/12/22.
//
using namespace cv;
extern "C" {
JNIEXPORT jintArray JNICALL Java_com_example_administrator_tryopencv_OpenCVHelper_gray(JNIEnv *env,jclass obj,jintArray buf,int w,int h);
JNIEXPORT jintArray JNICALL Java_com_example_administrator_tryopencv_OpenCVHelper_gray(JNIEnv *env,jclass obj,jintArray buf,int w,int h)
{
jint *cbuf;
cbuf = env->GetIntArrayElements(buf,JNI_FALSE);
if (NULL == cbuf)
{
return 0;
}
Mat imgData(h,w,CV_8UC4,(unsigned char*) cbuf);
u_char *ptr = imgData.ptr(0);
for (int i = 0; i < w*h; ++i)
{
//图像存储方式为：BGRA
int grayScale = (int)(ptr[4*i+2]*0.299 + ptr[4*i+1]*0.587 + ptr[4*i+0]*0.144 );
ptr[4*i+0] = grayScale;
ptr[4*i+1] = grayScale;
ptr[4*i+2] = grayScale;
}
int size = w * h;
jintArray result = env->NewIntArray(size);
env->SetIntArrayRegion(result,0,size,cbuf);
env->ReleaseIntArrayElements(buf,cbuf,0);
return result;
}
}
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然后在Andorid.mk文件中加入
LOCAL_SRC_FILES :=com_example_administrator_tryopencv_OpenCVHelper.cpp
然后在java主代码中写测试代码调用就行啦
这时布局文件代码
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context="com.example.administrator.choosepic.PicActivity">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="choose picture!"
android:id="@+id/title"/>
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="灰度图"
android:id="@+id/GiveFaceButton"
android:layout_below="@+id/title"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/GetFaceButton"
android:layout_alignStart="@+id/GetFaceButton"
android:layout_marginTop="71dp" />
<ImageView
android:adjustViewBounds="true"
android:maxHeight="400dp"
android:maxWidth="200dp"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:scaleType="fitStart"
android:id="@+id/IV01" />
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="原图"
android:id="@+id/GetFaceButton"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_alignParentEnd="true" />
<ImageView
android:adjustViewBounds="true"
android:maxHeight="400dp"
android:maxWidth="200dp"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:scaleType="fitStart"
android:id="@+id/IV02"
android:layout_below="@id/IV01" />
RelativeLayout>
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这是java文件中的代码
package com.example.administrator.tryopencv
import android.content.ContentResolver
import android.content.Intent
import android.graphics.Bitmap
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory
import android.net.Uri
import android.os.Bundle
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.util.Log
import android.view.View
import android.widget.Button
import android.widget.ImageView
import java.io.FileNotFoundException
import java.io.InputStream
public class tryOpenCvActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_try_open_cv)
Button GiveFaceButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.GiveFaceButton)
GiveFaceButton.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener()
{
public void onClick(View v)
{
Intent myIntent = new Intent()
//开启picture画面Type设置为image*
myIntent.setType("image/*")
//使用Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT这个Action
myIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT)
startActivityForResult(myIntent,1)
}
})
Button GetFaceButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.GetFaceButton)
GetFaceButton.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener()
{
public void onClick(View v)
{
Intent myIntent = new Intent()
//开启picture画面Type设置为image*
myIntent.setType("image/*")
//使用Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT这个Action
myIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT)
startActivityForResult(myIntent,2)
}
})
}
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode,int resultCode,Intent data)
{
switch (requestCode)
{
case 1 :
Uri uri = data.getData()
Log.e("uri",uri.toString())
ContentResolver cr = this.getContentResolver()
try
{
InputStream input = cr.openInputStream(uri)
BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options()
options.inJustDecodeBounds = true
BitmapFactory.decodeStream(input, null, options)
if (options.outWidth > 1024 || options.outHeight > 1024){
options.inSampleSize = Math.max(options.outWidth / 1024, options.outHeight/1024)
}
options.inJustDecodeBounds = false
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(cr.openInputStream(uri), null, options)
int w = bitmap.getWidth()
int h = bitmap.getHeight()
int[] pix = new int[w * h]
bitmap.getPixels(pix, 0, w, 0, 0, w, h)
int[] resultPixels = OpenCVHelper.gray(pix, w, h)
Bitmap result = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, h, Bitmap.Config.RGB_565)
result.setPixels(resultPixels,0,w,0,0,w,h)
ImageView imageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.IV01)
imageView.setImageBitmap(result)
}
catch(FileNotFoundException e)
{
Log.e("Exception",e.getMessage(),e)
}
break
case 2:
Uri uri2 = data.getData()
Log.e("uri2",uri2.toString())
ContentResolver cr2 = this.getContentResolver()
try
{
InputStream input = cr2.openInputStream(uri2)
BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options()
options.inJustDecodeBounds = true
BitmapFactory.decodeStream(input, null, options)
if (options.outWidth > 1024 || options.outHeight > 1024){
options.inSampleSize = Math.max(options.outWidth / 1024, options.outHeight/1024)
}
options.inJustDecodeBounds = false
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(cr2.openInputStream(uri2), null, options)
ImageView imageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.IV02)
imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap)
}
catch(FileNotFoundException e)
{
Log.e("Exception",e.getMessage(),e)
}
break
default:
break
}
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode,data)
}
}
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然后就可以运行啦
方法二 （使用opencv封装的jar包，纯java层代码处理）
前期准备和方法一相同，实际上，按照方法一做到“3 配置编译环境”中的编辑Android.mk和Application.mk这一步
这里需要编译出动态库，所以Android会有所不同
其中内容如下：
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
OpenCV_INSTALL_MODULES := on
OpenCV_CAMERA_MODULES := off
OPENCV_LIB_TYPE :=SHARED
ifeq ("$(wildcard $(OPENCV_MK_PATH))","")
include ..\..\..\..\native\jni\OpenCV.mk
else
include $(OPENCV_MK_PATH)
endif
LOCAL_MODULE := OpenCV
LOCAL_SRC_FILES :=
LOCAL_LDLIBS += -lm -llog
include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
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主要改的这两个地方
OPENCV_LIB_TYPE :=SHARED（静态改动态）
LOCAL_SRC_FILES :=（没有c++底层代码所以这里为空）
然后在项目中加入opencv的jar包，将之前下好的，opencv for Android sdk中的org文件夹拷贝到main文件夹中
如图：
在main文件夹下新建aidl文件夹
将org/opencv/engine/XXX.aidl文件连同目录一起拷到刚才新建的文件夹中
如图
这里动态编译出的libopencv.so还依赖于libopencv_java3.so文件，这个文件在native/libs中可以找到，一般添加armeabi和armeabi-v7a中的即可，然后在main文件夹中新建jnilibs文件夹，将armeabi和armeabi-v7a中的libopencv_java3.so连同文件夹一起拷贝到jnilibs，还有一个资源文件，将sdk\java\res\values下的attrs.xml拷贝到工程目录res\values目录下，不然camera会有变量不认识
如图：
布局文件：
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context="com.example.administrator.tryopencv2.tryOpenCv2Activity">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="choose picture!"
android:id="@+id/title"/>
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="原图"
android:id="@+id/GiveFaceButton"
android:layout_below="@+id/title"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/GetFaceButton"
android:layout_alignStart="@+id/GetFaceButton"
android:layout_marginTop="71dp" />
<ImageView
android:adjustViewBounds="true"
android:maxHeight="400dp"
android:maxWidth="200dp"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:scaleType="fitStart"
android:id="@+id/IV01" />
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="灰度图"
android:id="@+id/GetFaceButton"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_alignParentEnd="true" />
<ImageView
android:adjustViewBounds="true"
android:maxHeight="400dp"
android:maxWidth="200dp"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:scaleType="fitStart"
android:id="@+id/IV02"
android:layout_below="@id/IV01" />
RelativeLayout>
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主程序java文件
package com.example.administrator.tryopencv2
import android.content.ContentResolver
import android.content.Intent
import android.graphics.Bitmap
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory
import android.net.Uri
import android.os.Bundle
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.util.Log
import android.view.View
import android.widget.Button
import android.widget.ImageView
import java.io.FileNotFoundException
import java.io.InputStream
import org.opencv.android.OpenCVLoader
import org.opencv.android.Utils
import org.opencv.core.Mat
import org.opencv.imgproc.Imgproc
public class tryOpenCv2Activity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_try_open_cv2 )
Button GiveFaceButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.GiveFaceButton)
GiveFaceButton.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener()
{
public void onClick(View v)
{
Intent myIntent = new Intent()
//开启picture画面Type设置为image*
myIntent.setType("image/*")
//使用Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT这个Action
myIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT)
startActivityForResult(myIntent,1)
}
})
Button GetFaceButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.GetFaceButton)
GetFaceButton.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener()
{
public void onClick(View v)
{
Intent myIntent = new Intent()
//开启picture画面Type设置为image*
myIntent.setType("image/*")
//使用Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT这个Action
myIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT)
startActivityForResult(myIntent,2)
}
})
}
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode,int resultCode,Intent data)
{
switch (requestCode)
{
case 1 :
Uri uri = data.getData()
Log.e("uri",uri.toString())
ContentResolver cr = this.getContentResolver()
try
{
InputStream input = cr.openInputStream(uri)
BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options()
options.inJustDecodeBounds = true
BitmapFactory.decodeStream(input, null, options)
if (options.outWidth > 1024 || options.outHeight > 1024){
options.inSampleSize = Math.max(options.outWidth / 1024, options.outHeight/1024)
}
options.inJustDecodeBounds = false
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(cr.openInputStream(uri), null, options)
ImageView imageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.IV01)
imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap)
}
catch(FileNotFoundException e)
{
Log.e("Exception",e.getMessage(),e)
}
break
case 2:
Uri uri2 = data.getData()
Log.e("uri2",uri2.toString())
ContentResolver cr2 = this.getContentResolver()
try
{
InputStream input = cr2.openInputStream(uri2)
BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options()
options.inJustDecodeBounds = true
BitmapFactory.decodeStream(input, null, options)
if (options.outWidth > 1024 || options.outHeight > 1024){
options.inSampleSize = Math.max(options.outWidth / 1024, options.outHeight/1024)
}
options.inJustDecodeBounds = false
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(cr2.openInputStream(uri2), null, options)
OpenCVLoader.initDebug()
Mat rgbMat = new Mat()
Mat grayMat = new Mat()
Bitmap grayBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap.getWidth(),bitmap.getHeight(),Bitmap.Config.RGB_565)
Utils.bitmapToMat(bitmap,rgbMat)
Imgproc.cvtColor(rgbMat, grayMat, Imgproc.COLOR_RGB2GRAY)
Utils.matToBitmap(grayMat,grayBitmap)
ImageView imageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.IV02)
imageView.setImageBitmap(grayBitmap)
}
catch(FileNotFoundException e)
{
Log.e("Exception",e.getMessage(),e)
}
break
default:
break
}
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)
}
}
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运行即可，运行中会遇到，在opencv某个文件中出现找不到R包的错误，出现错误时，进入那个文件，导入自己的R包即可
运行结果：
终于写完了，好累！！！项目所需还研究过android的在android studio中的jni调用，网上的资源也很少且不清楚，过段时间再写那篇教程！！
