情况一:用plsql连接本地或远程Oracle服务器时,出现中文乱码时,更改客户端的字符集与服务器中的一致即可。 注意要一致!!!
步骤一:在plsql中执行 select userenv(‘language’) from dual;
步骤二:将查出来的值添加到环境变量中。
变量名:NLS_LANG
变量值:AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
情况二:查询出来的字符集不为AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK时,又想更改Oracle服务器的字符集。
步骤如下
更改字符集步骤方法(WE8MSWIN1252 --> ZHS16GBK)
开始 - 运行 - 输入cmd 进入命令提示符(Windows系统)
Ctrl + Alt + T 打开控制台窗口(Ubuntu系统)
输入 sqlplus /nolog
以管理员身份登录sqlplus
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 236000356 bytes
Fixed Size 451684 bytes
Variable Size 201326592 bytes
Database Buffers 33554432 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
System altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;
ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set
提示我们的字符集:新字符集必须为旧字符集的超集,这时我们可以跳过超集的检查做更改:
SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;
Database altered.
SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;
… …
19 rows selected.
重启检查是否更改完成:
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 236000356 bytes
Fixed Size 451684 bytes
Variable Size 201326592 bytes
Database Buffers 33554432 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;
… …
19 rows selected.
更改完成后,重启下plsql,再在plsql中执行该SQL语句查看字符集是否更改为ZHS16GBK:
在plsql中执行 select userenv(‘language’) from dual;
然后在设置下系统变量,步骤如情况一 一致。