JSONPath 解析 JSON 内容详解(翻译自 github)

 

Github :https://github.com/json-path/JsonPath

http://www.ibloger.net/article/2329.html

JSONPath Online Evaluator:http://jsonpath.com

 

 

JsonPath 是一种简单的方法来提取给定JSON文档的部分内容。 JsonPath有许多编程语言,如Javascript,Python和PHP,Java。JsonPath 提供的 json 解析非常强大,它提供了类似正则表达式的语法,基本上可以满足所有你想要获得的 json 内容.

JsonPath 表达式总是引用 JSON 结构,其方式与XPath表达式解析XML文档的方式类似。JsonPath中的 “根成员对象” 总是被引用为$,不管它是对象还是数组。

JsonPath 可以使用 点 表示法:$.store.book[0].title
或者 括号 表示法:$['store']['book'][0]['title']

 

 

操作符

 

操作符 和 描述

操作符 描述
$ 查询根元素。这将开始所有路径表达式
@ 使用过滤谓词来处理当前节点。即过滤当前节点。
* 通配符。 任何可以使用名称和数字的地方都可以使用。
.. 深层扫描。 任何可以使用名称的地方都可以使用
. 点,表示子节点。
['' (, '')] 括号 表示子项。
[ (, )] 数组索引 或 索引
[start:end] 数组切片操作。
[?()] 过滤表达式。 表达式的结果必须是一个 bool 值。

 

 

函数

 

函数可以在路径的末尾调用——函数的输入是路径表达式的输出。函数输出由函数本身决定。

函数 描述 输出
min() 提供数字数组的最小值 Double
max() 提供数字数组的最大值 Double
avg() 提供数字数组的平均值 Double
stddev() 提供数字数组的标准偏差值 Double
length() 提供数组的长度 Integer
sum() 提供数字数组的所有元素的和 Double

 

 

过滤器运算符

 

过滤器 是 用于筛选数组的逻辑表达式。一个典型的过滤器应该是 [?(@.age > 18)],其中 @ 表示当前正在处理的项。可以使用逻辑运算符 &&|| 创建更复杂的过滤器。字符串文字 必须用 单引号双引号 括起来 ([?(@.color == 'blue')] or [?(@.color == "blue")])。

操作符 描述
== 左边得值 等于 右边的值 ( 注意:数字 1 不等于 字符串 '1' )
!= 不等于
< 小于
<= 小于等于
> 大于
>= 大于等于
=~ 匹配正则表达式  [?(@.name =~ /foo.*?/i)]
in 左边 in 右边 [?(@.size in ['S', 'M'])]
nin 左边 not in 右边
subsetof 左边是右边的一个子字符串 [?(@.sizes subsetof ['S', 'M', 'L'])]
anyof 左边和右边相交 [?(@.sizes anyof ['M', 'L'])]
noneof 左边和右边不相交 [?(@.sizes noneof ['M', 'L'])]
size (数组或字符串)长度
empty (数组或字符串)为空

 

 

示例

 

示例 Json:

{
    "store": {
        "book": [
            {
                "category": "reference",
                "author": "Nigel Rees",
                "title": "Sayings of the Century",
                "price": 8.95
            },
            {
                "category": "fiction",
                "author": "Evelyn Waugh",
                "title": "Sword of Honour",
                "price": 12.99
            },
            {
                "category": "fiction",
                "author": "Herman Melville",
                "title": "Moby Dick",
                "isbn": "0-553-21311-3",
                "price": 8.99
            },
            {
                "category": "fiction",
                "author": "J. R. R. Tolkien",
                "title": "The Lord of the Rings",
                "isbn": "0-395-19395-8",
                "price": 22.99
            }
        ],
        "bicycle": {
            "color": "red",
            "price": 19.95
        }
    },
    "expensive": 10
}

JsonPath 表达式示例:

JsonPath ( 点击链接测试 ) 结果
$.store.book[*].author 获取 Json 中 store下book下的所有author值
$..author 获取 Json 中 所有 author 的值。
$.store.* 获取 store 下所有东西( book 和 bicycle )
$.store..price 获取 store下以及所有子节点下的所有 price
$..book[2] 获取 book数组的第3个值
$..book[-2] 获取 book数组的倒数第二个值
$..book[0,1] 获取 book数组的第一、第二的值
$..book[:2] 获取 book数组从索引 0 (包括) 到 索引 2 (不包括) 的所有值 
$..book[1:2] 获取 book数组从索引 1 (包括) 到 索引 2 (不包括) 的所有值 
$..book[-2:] 获取 book数组从索引 -2 (包括) 到 结尾 的所有值
$..book[2:] 获取 book数组从索引 2 (包括) 到 结尾 的所有值
$..book[?(@.isbn)] 获取 所有节点以及子节点中 book 数组包含 isbn 的所有值
$.store.book[?(@.price < 10)] 获取 store下 book 数组中 price < 10 的所有值
$..book[?(@.price <= $['expensive'])] 获取 所有节点以及子节点下 book 数组中 price <= expensive 的所有值
$..book[?(@.author =~ /.*REES/i)] 获取所有匹配正则的 book ( 不区分大小写 )
$..*

逐层列出 json 中 的所有值,层级由外到内

$..book.length() book 数组的长度

 

 

阅读文档

 

使用 JsonPath 的最简单的最直接的方法是通过静态读取 API。

String json = "...";

List authors = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store.book[*].author");

如果你只想读取一次,那么上面的代码就可以了。如果你还想读取其他路径,现在上面不是很好的方法,因为他每次获取都需要再解析整个文档。所以,我们可以先解析整个文档,再选择调用路径。

String json = "...";
Object document = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(json);

String author0 = JsonPath.read(document, "$.store.book[0].author");
String author1 = JsonPath.read(document, "$.store.book[1].author");

JsonPath还提供流畅的API。 这也是最灵活的一个。

String json = "...";

ReadContext ctx = JsonPath.parse(json);

List authorsOfBooksWithISBN = ctx.read("$.store.book[?(@.isbn)].author");


List> expensiveBooks = JsonPath
                            .using(configuration)
                            .parse(json)
                            .read("$.store.book[?(@.price > 10)]", List.class);

 

何时返回

 

当在 java 中使用 JsonPath 时,重要的是要知道你在结果中期望什么类型。 JsonPath 将自动尝试将结果转换为调用者预期的类型。

//Will throw an java.lang.ClassCastException    
List list = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[0].author")

//Works fine
String author = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[0].author")

当评估路径时,你需要理解路径确定的概念。路径是不确定的,它包含

  • .. :深层扫描操作

  • ?() :表达式

  • [, (, )] :多个数组索引

不确定的路径总是返回一个列表(由当前的JsonProvider表示)。

默认情况下,MappingProvider SPI提供了一个简单的对象映射器。 这允许您指定所需的返回类型,MappingProvider将尝试执行映射。 在下面的示例中,演示了Long和Date之间的映射。

String json = "{\"date_as_long\" : 1411455611975}";

Date date = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$['date_as_long']", Date.class);

如果您将JsonPath配置为使用JacksonMappingProvider或GsonMappingProvider,您甚至可以将JsonPath输出直接映射到POJO中。

Book book = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[0]", Book.class);

要获取完整的泛型类型信息,请使用TypeRef。

TypeRef> typeRef = new TypeRef>() {};

List titles = JsonPath.parse(JSON_DOCUMENT).read("$.store.book[*].title", typeRef);

 

谓词

 

在JsonPath中创建过滤器谓词有三种不同的方法。

 

内联谓词

内联谓词是路径中定义的谓词。

List> books =  JsonPath.parse(json)
                                     .read("$.store.book[?(@.price < 10)]");

你可以使用 && 和 || 结合多个谓词 [?(@.price < 10 && @.category == 'fiction')] , [?(@.category == 'reference' || @.price > 10)].

你也可以使用!否定一个谓词 [?(!(@.price < 10 && @.category == 'fiction'))].

 

过滤谓词

谓词可以使用Filter API构建,如下所示:

import static com.jayway.jsonpath.JsonPath.parse;
import static com.jayway.jsonpath.Criteria.where;
import static com.jayway.jsonpath.Filter.filter;
...
...

Filter cheapFictionFilter = filter(
   where("category").is("fiction").and("price").lte(10D)
);

List> books =  
   parse(json).read("$.store.book[?]", cheapFictionFilter);

注意占位符? 为路径中的过滤器。 当提供多个过滤器时,它们按照占位符数量与提供的过滤器数量相匹配的顺序应用。 您可以在一个过滤器操作[?,?]中指定多个谓词占位符,这两个谓词都必须匹配。

过滤器也可以与“OR”和“AND”

Filter fooOrBar = filter(
   where("foo").exists(true)).or(where("bar").exists(true)
);
   
Filter fooAndBar = filter(
   where("foo").exists(true)).and(where("bar").exists(true)
);

 

自定义

第三个选择是实现你自己的谓词

Predicate booksWithISBN = new Predicate() {
    @Override
    public boolean apply(PredicateContext ctx) {
        return ctx.item(Map.class).containsKey("isbn");
    }
};

List> books = 
   reader.read("$.store.book[?].isbn", List.class, booksWithISBN);

 

Path vs Value

在 Goessner 实现中,JsonPath 可以返回 Path 或 Value。 值是默认值,上面所有示例返回。 如果你想让我们查询的元素的路径可以通过选项来实现。

Configuration conf = Configuration.builder()
   .options(Option.AS_PATH_LIST).build();

List pathList = using(conf).parse(json).read("$..author");

assertThat(pathList).containsExactly(
    "$['store']['book'][0]['author']",
    "$['store']['book'][1]['author']",
    "$['store']['book'][2]['author']",
    "$['store']['book'][3]['author']");

 

调整配置

 

选项创建配置时,有几个可以改变默认行为的选项标志。

DEFAULT_PATH_LEAF_TO_NULL

此选项使JsonPath对于缺少的叶子返回null。 考虑下面的json

[
   {
      "name" : "john",
      "gender" : "male"
   },
   {
      "name" : "ben"
   }
]
Configuration conf = Configuration.defaultConfiguration();

//Works fine
String gender0 = JsonPath.using(conf).parse(json).read("$[0]['gender']");
//PathNotFoundException thrown
String gender1 = JsonPath.using(conf).parse(json).read("$[1]['gender']");

Configuration conf2 = conf.addOptions(Option.DEFAULT_PATH_LEAF_TO_NULL);

//Works fine
String gender0 = JsonPath.using(conf2).parse(json).read("$[0]['gender']");
//Works fine (null is returned)
String gender1 = JsonPath.using(conf2).parse(json).read("$[1]['gender']");

 

ALWAYS_RETURN_LIST
This option configures JsonPath to return a list even when the path is definite.

Configuration conf = Configuration.defaultConfiguration();

//Works fine
List genders0 = JsonPath.using(conf).parse(json).read("$[0]['gender']");
//PathNotFoundException thrown
List genders1 = JsonPath.using(conf).parse(json).read("$[1]['gender']");

SUPPRESS_EXCEPTIONS
This option makes sure no exceptions are propagated from path evaluation. It follows these simple rules:

  • If option ALWAYS_RETURN_LIST is present an empty list will be returned
  • If option ALWAYS_RETURN_LIST is NOT present null returned

JsonProvider SPI

JsonPath is shipped with five different JsonProviders:

  • JsonSmartJsonProvider (default)
  • JacksonJsonProvider
  • JacksonJsonNodeJsonProvider
  • GsonJsonProvider
  • JsonOrgJsonProvider

Changing the configuration defaults as demonstrated should only be done when your application is being initialized. Changes during runtime is strongly discouraged, especially in multi threaded applications.

Configuration.setDefaults(new Configuration.Defaults() {

    private final JsonProvider jsonProvider = new JacksonJsonProvider();
    private final MappingProvider mappingProvider = new JacksonMappingProvider();
      
    @Override
    public JsonProvider jsonProvider() {
        return jsonProvider;
    }

    @Override
    public MappingProvider mappingProvider() {
        return mappingProvider;
    }
    
    @Override
    public Set

Note that the JacksonJsonProvider requires com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.4.5 and the GsonJsonProvider requires com.google.code.gson:gson:2.3.1 on your classpath.

 

Cache SPI

In JsonPath 2.1.0 a new Cache SPI was introduced. This allows API consumers to configure path caching in a way that suits their needs. The cache must be configured before it is accesses for the first time or a JsonPathException is thrown. JsonPath ships with two cache implementations

  • com.jayway.jsonpath.spi.cache.LRUCache (default, thread safe)
  • com.jayway.jsonpath.spi.cache.NOOPCache (no cache)

If you want to implement your own cache the API is simple.

CacheProvider.setCache(new Cache() {
    //Not thread safe simple cache
    private Map map = new HashMap();

    @Override
    public JsonPath get(String key) {
        return map.get(key);
    }

    @Override
    public void put(String key, JsonPath jsonPath) {
        map.put(key, jsonPath);
    }
});

 

 

Java 操作示例源码

 

示例 Json:

{
  "store": {
    "book": [
      {
        "category": "reference",
        "author": "Nigel Rees",
        "title": "Sayings of the Century",
        "price": 8.95
      },
      {
        "category": "fiction",
        "author": "Evelyn Waugh",
        "title": "Sword of Honour",
        "price": 12.99
      },
      {
        "category": "fiction",
        "author": "Herman Melville",
        "title": "Moby Dick",
        "isbn": "0-553-21311-3",
        "price": 8.99
      },
      {
        "category": "JavaWeb",
        "author": "X-rapido",
        "title": "Top-link",
        "isbn": "0-553-211231-3",
        "price": 32.68
      },
      {
        "category": "fiction",
        "author": "J. R. R. Tolkien",
        "title": "The Lord of the Rings",
        "isbn": "0-395-19395-8",
        "price": 22.99
      }
    ],
    "bicycle": {
      "color": "red",
      "price": 19.95
    }
  },
  "expensive": 10
}

java 示例:

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import com.jayway.jsonpath.JsonPath;

public class TestJsonPath {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
        String sjson = readtxt();
        print("--------------------------------------getJsonValue--------------------------------------");
        getJsonValue(sjson);
    }

    private static String readtxt() {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        try {
            FileReader fr = new FileReader("D:/books.txt");
            BufferedReader bfd = new BufferedReader(fr);
            String s = "";
            while((s=bfd.readLine())!=null) {
                sb.append(s);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(sb.toString());
        return sb.toString();
    }
    
    private static void getJsonValue(String json) {
        //The authors of all books:获取json中store下book下的所有author值
        List authors1 = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store.book[*].author");
        
        //All authors:获取所有json中所有author的值
        List authors2 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..author");
        
        //All things, both books and bicycles 
        //authors3返回的是net.minidev.json.JSONArray:获取json中store下的所有value值,不包含key,如key有两个,book和bicycle
        List authors3 = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store.*");
        
        //The price of everything:获取json中store下所有price的值
        List authors4 = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store..price");
        
        //The third book:获取json中book数组的第3个值
        List authors5 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[2]");
        
        //The first two books:获取json中book数组的第1和第2两个个值
        List authors6 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[0,1]");
        
        //All books from index 0 (inclusive) until index 2 (exclusive):获取json中book数组的前两个区间值
        List authors7 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[:2]");
        
        //All books from index 1 (inclusive) until index 2 (exclusive):获取json中book数组的第2个值
        List authors8 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[1:2]");
        
        //Last two books:获取json中book数组的最后两个值
        List authors9 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[-2:]");
        
        //Book number two from tail:获取json中book数组的第3个到最后一个的区间值
        List authors10 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[2:]");
        
        //All books with an ISBN number:获取json中book数组中包含isbn的所有值
        List authors11 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[?(@.isbn)]");
        
        //All books in store cheaper than 10:获取json中book数组中price<10的所有值
        List authors12 = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store.book[?(@.price < 10)]");
        
        //All books in store that are not "expensive":获取json中book数组中price<=expensive的所有值
        List authors13 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[?(@.price <= $['expensive'])]");
        
        //All books matching regex (ignore case):获取json中book数组中的作者以REES结尾的所有值(REES不区分大小写)
        List authors14 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[?(@.author =~ /.*REES/i)]");
        
        //Give me every thing:逐层列出json中的所有值,层级由外到内
        List authors15 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..*");
        
        //The number of books:获取json中book数组的长度
        List authors16 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book.length()");
        print("**********authors1**********");
        print(authors1);
        print("**********authors2**********");
        print(authors2);
        print("**********authors3**********");
        printOb(authors3);
        print("**********authors4**********");
        printOb(authors4);
        print("**********authors5**********");
        printOb(authors5);
        print("**********authors6**********");
        printOb(authors6);
        print("**********authors7**********");
        printOb(authors7);
        print("**********authors8**********");
        printOb(authors8);
        print("**********authors9**********");
        printOb(authors9);
        print("**********authors10**********");
        printOb(authors10);
        print("**********authors11**********");
        printOb(authors11);
        print("**********authors12**********");
        printOb(authors12);
        print("**********authors13**********");
        printOb(authors13);
        print("**********authors14**********");
        printOb(authors14);
        print("**********authors15**********");
        printOb(authors15);
        print("**********authors16**********");
        printOb(authors16);
        
    }
    
    private static void print(List list) {
        for(Iterator it = list.iterator();it.hasNext();) {
            System.out.println(it.next());
        }
    }
    
    private static void printOb(List list) {
        for(Iterator it = list.iterator();it.hasNext();) {
            System.out.println(it.next());
        }
    }
    
    private static void print(String s) {
        System.out.println("\n"+s);
    }

} 
  

输出:

{"store":{"book":[{"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{"category":"JavaWeb","author":"X-rapido","title":"Top-link","isbn":"0-553-211231-3","price":32.68},{"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}],"bicycle":{"color":"red","price":19.95}},"expensive":10}

--------------------------------------getJsonValue--------------------------------------
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/D:/workSpaces/SupportPackge/MavenRepository/org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-slf4j-impl/2.0.2/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.0.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/D:/workSpaces/SupportPackge/MavenRepository/org/slf4j/slf4j-log4j12/1.7.10/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]
ERROR StatusLogger No log4j2 configuration file found. Using default configuration: logging only errors to the console.

**********authors1**********
Nigel Rees
Evelyn Waugh
Herman Melville
X-rapido
J. R. R. Tolkien

**********authors2**********
Nigel Rees
Evelyn Waugh
Herman Melville
X-rapido
J. R. R. Tolkien

**********authors3**********
[{"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{"category":"JavaWeb","author":"X-rapido","title":"Top-link","isbn":"0-553-211231-3","price":32.68},{"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}]
{color=red, price=19.95}

**********authors4**********
8.95
12.99
8.99
32.68
22.99
19.95

**********authors5**********
{category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99}

**********authors6**********
{category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95}
{category=fiction, author=Evelyn Waugh, title=Sword of Honour, price=12.99}

**********authors7**********
{category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95}
{category=fiction, author=Evelyn Waugh, title=Sword of Honour, price=12.99}

**********authors8**********
{category=fiction, author=Evelyn Waugh, title=Sword of Honour, price=12.99}

**********authors9**********
{category=JavaWeb, author=X-rapido, title=Top-link, isbn=0-553-211231-3, price=32.68}
{category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99}

**********authors10**********
{category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99}
{category=JavaWeb, author=X-rapido, title=Top-link, isbn=0-553-211231-3, price=32.68}
{category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99}

**********authors11**********
{category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99}
{category=JavaWeb, author=X-rapido, title=Top-link, isbn=0-553-211231-3, price=32.68}
{category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99}

**********authors12**********
{category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95}
{category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99}

**********authors13**********
{category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95}
{category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99}

**********authors14**********
{category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95}

**********authors15**********
{book=[{"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{"category":"JavaWeb","author":"X-rapido","title":"Top-link","isbn":"0-553-211231-3","price":32.68},{"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}], bicycle={color=red, price=19.95}}
10
[{"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{"category":"JavaWeb","author":"X-rapido","title":"Top-link","isbn":"0-553-211231-3","price":32.68},{"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}]
{color=red, price=19.95}
{category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95}
{category=fiction, author=Evelyn Waugh, title=Sword of Honour, price=12.99}
{category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99}
{category=JavaWeb, author=X-rapido, title=Top-link, isbn=0-553-211231-3, price=32.68}
{category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99}
reference
Nigel Rees
Sayings of the Century
8.95
fiction
Evelyn Waugh
Sword of Honour
12.99
fiction
Herman Melville
Moby Dick
0-553-21311-3
8.99
JavaWeb
X-rapido
Top-link
0-553-211231-3
32.68
fiction
J. R. R. Tolkien
The Lord of the Rings
0-395-19395-8
22.99
red
19.95

**********authors16**********
5

示例 2:

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import com.jayway.jsonpath.Configuration;
import com.jayway.jsonpath.JsonPath;
import com.jayway.jsonpath.ReadContext;

public class TestJsonPath3 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
        String sjson = readtxt();
        print("-----------------------getJsonValue0-----------------------");
        getJsonValue0(sjson);
        print("-----------------------getJsonValue1-----------------------");
        getJsonValue1(sjson);
        print("-----------------------getJsonValue2-----------------------");
        getJsonValue2(sjson);
        print("-----------------------getJsonValue3-----------------------");
        getJsonValue3(sjson);
        print("-----------------------getJsonValue4-----------------------");
        getJsonValue4(sjson);
    }

    private static String readtxt() {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        try {
            FileReader fr = new FileReader("D:/books.txt");
            BufferedReader bfd = new BufferedReader(fr);
            String s = "";
            while((s=bfd.readLine())!=null) {
                sb.append(s);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(sb.toString());
        return sb.toString();
    }
    

    /**
     * 读取json的一种写法,得到匹配表达式的所有值
     * */
    private static void getJsonValue0(String json) {
        List authors = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store.book[*].author");
        print(authors);
        
    }
    
    /**
     * 读取JSON得到某个具体值(推荐使用这种方法,一次解析多次调用)
     * */
    private static void getJsonValue1(String json) {
        Object document = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(json);
        String author0 = JsonPath.read(document, "$.store.book[0].author");
        String author1 = JsonPath.read(document, "$.store.book[1].author");
        print(author0);
        print(author1);
        
    }
    
    /**
     * 读取json的一种写法
     * */
    private static void getJsonValue2(String json) {
        ReadContext ctx = JsonPath.parse(json);
        // 获取json中book数组中包含isbn的作者
        List authorsOfBooksWithISBN = ctx.read("$.store.book[?(@.isbn)].author");
        
        // 获取json中book数组中价格大于10的对象
        List> expensiveBooks = JsonPath
                                    .using(Configuration.defaultConfiguration())
                                    .parse(json)
                                    .read("$.store.book[?(@.price > 10)]", List.class);
        print(authorsOfBooksWithISBN);
        print("********Map********");
        printListMap(expensiveBooks);
    }
    
    /**
     * 读取JSON得到的值是一个String,所以不能用List存储 
     * */
    private static void getJsonValue3(String json) {
        //Will throw an java.lang.ClassCastException    
        //List list = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[0].author");
        //由于会抛异常,暂时注释上面一行,要用的话,应使用下面的格式
        
        String author = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[0].author");
        print(author);
    }
    
    /**
     * 读取json的一种写法,支持逻辑表达式,&&和||
     */
    private static void getJsonValue4(String json) {
        List> books1 =  JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[?(@.price < 10 && @.category == 'fiction')]");
        List> books2 =  JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[?(@.category == 'reference' || @.price > 10)]");
        print("********books1********");
        printListMap(books1);
        print("********books2********");
        printListMap(books2);
    }
    
    private static void print(List list) {
        for(Iterator it = list.iterator();it.hasNext();) {
            System.out.println(it.next());
        }
    }
    
    private static void printListMap(List> list) {
        for(Iterator> it = list.iterator();it.hasNext();) {
            Map map = it.next();
            for(Iterator iterator =map.entrySet().iterator();iterator.hasNext();) {
                System.out.println(iterator.next());
            }
        }
    }
    
    private static void print(String s) {
        System.out.println("\n"+s);
    }

}

输出:

{"store":{"book":[{"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{"category":"JavaWeb","author":"X-rapido","title":"Top-link","isbn":"0-553-211231-3","price":32.68},{"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}],"bicycle":{"color":"red","price":19.95}},"expensive":10}

-----------------------getJsonValue0-----------------------
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/D:/workSpaces/SupportPackge/MavenRepository/org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-slf4j-impl/2.0.2/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.0.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/D:/workSpaces/SupportPackge/MavenRepository/org/slf4j/slf4j-log4j12/1.7.10/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]
ERROR StatusLogger No log4j2 configuration file found. Using default configuration: logging only errors to the console.
Nigel Rees
Evelyn Waugh
Herman Melville
X-rapido
J. R. R. Tolkien

-----------------------getJsonValue1-----------------------

Nigel Rees

Evelyn Waugh

-----------------------getJsonValue2-----------------------
Herman Melville
X-rapido
J. R. R. Tolkien

********Map********
category=fiction
author=Evelyn Waugh
title=Sword of Honour
price=12.99
category=JavaWeb
author=X-rapido
title=Top-link
isbn=0-553-211231-3
price=32.68
category=fiction
author=J. R. R. Tolkien
title=The Lord of the Rings
isbn=0-395-19395-8
price=22.99

-----------------------getJsonValue3-----------------------

Nigel Rees

-----------------------getJsonValue4-----------------------

********books1********
category=fiction
author=Herman Melville
title=Moby Dick
isbn=0-553-21311-3
price=8.99

********books2********
category=reference
author=Nigel Rees
title=Sayings of the Century
price=8.95
category=fiction
author=Evelyn Waugh
title=Sword of Honour
price=12.99
category=JavaWeb
author=X-rapido
title=Top-link
isbn=0-553-211231-3
price=32.68
category=fiction
author=J. R. R. Tolkien
title=The Lord of the Rings
isbn=0-395-19395-8
price=22.99

 

过滤器示例

 

java 示例:

public static void main(String[] args) {
	String json = readtxt();
	Object document = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(json);
	
	// 过滤器链(查找包含isbn并category中有fiction或JavaWeb的值)
	Filter filter = Filter.filter(Criteria.where("isbn").exists(true).and("category").in("fiction", "JavaWeb"));
	List books = JsonPath.read(document, "$.store.book[?]", filter);
	printOb(books);
	
	System.out.println("\n----------------------------------------------\n");
	
	// 自定义过滤器
	Filter mapFilter = new Filter() {
		@Override
		public boolean apply(PredicateContext context) {
			Map map = context.item(Map.class);	
			if (map.containsKey("isbn")) {
				return true;
			}
			return false;
		}
	};
	List books2 = JsonPath.read(document, "$.store.book[?]", mapFilter);
	
	printOb(books2);
	
}
 
  

输出:

{category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99}
{category=JavaWeb, author=X-rapido, title=Top-link, isbn=0-553-211231-3, price=32.68}
{category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99}

----------------------------------------------

{category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99}
{category=JavaWeb, author=X-rapido, title=Top-link, isbn=0-553-211231-3, price=32.68}
{category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99}

由此可见,使用过滤器,或者使用上述的表达式,都是可以达到理想的效果

示例中的books2中,注意到context.item(Map.class); 这句话

这句中的Map.class是根据预定的结果类型定义的,如果返回的是String类型值,那就改为String.class

 

 

 

 

 

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