企业级数据库（1） 主从复制

直接使用tar包进行安装，

[root@server1 ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@server1 ~]# ls
mysql-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

解压完成选择rpm包进行安装，两个节点都进行安装

[root@server1 ~]# yum install mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -y

安装完成配置主库
配置文件

[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

log-bin=mysql-bin  ##开启二进制日志
server-id=1       ##id号

启动服务

[root@server1 ~]# systemctl start mysqld

筛选数据库密码

[root@server1 ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep pass
2020-04-15T09:28:56.805287Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: SL2zBV?)jG(w

使用这个密码做初始化

[root@server1 ~]# mysql_secure_installation 

做完初始化就可以登陆数据库进行操作了。
登陆进去进行授权

mysql> CREATE USER 'repl'@'%.example.com' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%.example.com';

mysql> show master status ;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 |      693 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

配置从库

[root@server2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id=2

安全初始化

[root@server2 ~]# mysql_secure_installation 

登陆数据库，指定master

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.223.11' , ##指定主库地址
    -> master_user='repl',master_password='password', ##认证密码
    -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',  ##日志文件
    -> master_log_pos=693; ##复制点
mysql> start slave; ##开启slave
mysql> show slave status\G##查看状态
            Slave_IO_Running: Yes  ##这两个没问题就完成了
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

部署完成进行测试
server1上创建数据库，

mysql> create database hhaa;
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hhaa               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+

server2上进行查看

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hhaa               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+

同步完成，下来测试数据

server1

mysql> create table aaa(
    -> username varchar(10) not null,
    -> password varchar(20) not null);
mysql> insert into aaa values('user1','123');

server2

mysql> select * from hhaa.aaa;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| user1    | 123      |
+----------+----------+

基于gtid的主从复制

server1
配置文件

[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=1
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=true

进入数据库

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select * from gtid_executed; ##内容为空

[root@server1 ~]# cd /var/lib/mysql
[root@server1 mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000002

如果是基于position的主从复制：将一个事件拆开来复制，如果一个事件进行的过程中出现问题，那么复制也会出现问题
如果是基于gtid的主从复制：一个以事件为单位进行复制，如果一个事件进行的过程中出现问题，那么复制也不会出现问题

[root@server1 mysql]# cat auto.cnf ##查看id
[auto]
server-uuid=87c64563-7efb-11ea-b696-000c2975af7b
[root@server1 mysql]# systemctl restart mysqld

server2

[root@server2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id=2
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=true  ##开启gitd
[root@server2 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

开启数据库进行配置

mysql> stop slave;
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.223.11',master_user='repl',master_password='password',master_auto_position=1;
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G；
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes ##保证主从复制是好的
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:      ##这两个是空的，等待数据写入
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 

server1写入数据

mysql> insert into aaa values ('user2','123');
mysql> insert into aaa values ('user3','123');

server2查看

mysql> show slave status\G；
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 87c64563-7efb-11ea-b696-000c2975af7b:1-2
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 87c64563-7efb-11ea-b696-000c2975af7b:1-2

并且可以查询到数据

mysql>  use mysql
mysql>  select * from gtid_executed;
+--------------------------------------+----------------+--------------+
| source_uuid                          | interval_start | interval_end |
+--------------------------------------+----------------+--------------+
| 87c64563-7efb-11ea-b696-000c2975af7b |              1 |            1 |
| 87c64563-7efb-11ea-b696-000c2975af7b |              2 |            2 |
+--------------------------------------+----------------+--------------+