【Golang】格式化JSON字符串，方便查看

分别介绍golang及Python格式化接口返回JSON数据的方法，及Python json.dumps方法出现NameError: name 'true' is not defined原因解析及解决方案介绍。

格式化JSON字符串

我们经常会遇到接口返回的字符串类型的JSON数据，在其中查找数据的时候很不方便，所以一般会选择将他们格式化，在python中我们通常会使用json.dumps方法来格式化数据，其实golang中也有类似的方法--json.Indent,我们一起来看实例。

{"args": {},"headers": {"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8","Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate","Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9","Connection": "close","Host": "httpbin.org","Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1","User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36"},"origin": "103.*.*.*","url": "http://httpbin.org/get"}

Golang实现

package main

import (
    "bytes"
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    data := `{"args": {},"headers": {"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8","Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate","Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9","Connection": "close","Host": "httpbin.org","Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1","User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36"},"origin": "103.*.*.*","url": "http://httpbin.org/get"}`

    var str bytes.Buffer
    _ = json.Indent(&str, []byte(data), "", "    ")
    fmt.Println("formated: ", str.String())
    fmt.Println("data: ", data)
}

实际效果

python实现

参考代码

import json

data = '{"args": {},"headers": {"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8","Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate","Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9","Connection": "close","Host": "httpbin.org","Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1","User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36"},"origin": "103.*.*.*","url": "http://httpbin.org/get"}'
print(json.dumps(eval(data), indent=4))

局限

其实上面的的Python实现有一定的局限性，因为在Python当中是不存在true/false/null这样的标准json参数的，取而代之的是True/ False/None，这就回导致一个问题，如果接口返回的数据中含有true/false/null，直接使用eval进行转化会出现比如：NameError: name 'true' is not defined这样的错误，那么怎么解决呢？

其实答案就是前面的藐视中：true/false/null是标准的JSON格式，那么我们便先把数据转化为JSON，再进行格式化即可：

json.dumps(json.loads(data), indent=4, ensure_ascii=False)

解释：ensure_ascii会保留中文而非转化为Unicode码，即\uxxxx形式

当然，如果大家使用的是requests库，接口返回的数据中已经携带了，可以直接调用其已经为返回结果（Response类）封装好的的json()方法：

import requests
import json

resp = requests.get("http://httpbin.org/get")
print(json.dumps(resp.json(), indent=4))

其实它最后也是调用的json.loads()：

总结

• JSON格式化，ensure_ascii
• resp.json()

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Detector/p/9801339.html