修改MySQl密码约束规则

使用MySQL5.x时,设置用户密码有可能会出现如下警告,这是因为新设置的密码不符合MySql规定的密码规则。

[ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements](https://www.cnblogs.com/ivictor/p/5142809.html)

解决方式,一是设置符合规则的密码,或是更改密码规则限制。
这个规则的设置来源validate_password_policy字段的值。

validate_password_policy有以下取值:

Policy Tests Performed
0 or LOW Length
1 or MEDIUM Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters
2 or STRONG Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file

默认是1,即MEDIUM,所以刚开始设置的密码必须符合长度,且必须含有数字,小写或大写字母,特殊字符。

设置validate_password_policy参数的值

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;

这里,具体规则的约束可以去网上检索,例如:

mysql> 
mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
|                          8 |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)
mysql> 

validate_password_length参数默认为8,它有最小值的限制,最小值为:

validate_password_number_count
+ validate_password_special_char_count
+ (2 * validate_password_mixed_case_count)

其中,validate_password_number_count指定了密码中数据的长度,validate_password_special_char_count指定了密码中特殊字符的长度,validate_password_mixed_case_count指定了密码中大小字母的长度。

这些参数,默认值均为1,所以validate_password_length最小值为4,如果你显性指定validate_password_length的值小于4,尽管不会报错,但validate_password_length的值将设为4。如下所示:

mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
|                          8 |
+----------------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
|                          4 |
+----------------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec)

如果修改了validate_password_number_count,validate_password_special_char_count,validate_password_mixed_case_count中任何一个值,则validate_password_length将进行动态修改。

mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
|                          4 |
+----------------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @@validate_password_mixed_case_count;
+--------------------------------------+
| @@validate_password_mixed_case_count |
+--------------------------------------+
|                                    1 |
+--------------------------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=2;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @@validate_password_mixed_case_count;
+--------------------------------------+
| @@validate_password_mixed_case_count |
+--------------------------------------+
|                                    2 |
+--------------------------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
|                          6 |
+----------------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec)

当然,前提是validate_password插件必须已经安装,MySQL5.7是默认安装的。

那么如何验证validate_password插件是否安装呢?可通过查看以下参数,如果没有安装,则输出将为空。

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                        | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password_dictionary_file    |       |
| validate_password_length             | 6     |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count   | 2     |
| validate_password_number_count       | 1     |
| validate_password_policy             | LOW   |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1     |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)

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