Unity3D实现Camera镜头高斯模糊(Blur)和UGUI Image高斯模糊(Blur)效果

前言

高斯模糊是非常常用的一种特效,比如说营造景深或者毛玻璃等效果都可以使用。下面介绍一下镜头和UI上的使用。

1.Camera上的镜头特效

摄像机上可以通过两款特效插件非常方便的实现这种效果。第一款插件就是经典的ImageEffect,可以在镜头下添加BlurOptimized组件轻松的实现,具体的效果可以通过改变参数调节。第二款插件是PostProcess,它是第一款插件的升级版,功能也更加丰富。安装好插件后首先给Camera下添加PostProcessingBehaviour组件,然后在Project面板下右键创建一个PostProcess拖拽给相机下的PostProcessingBehaviour组件,之后在PostProcess里调节效果就可以了。高斯模糊特效只是这两个插件的一小部分功能,还有很多好用的效果,例如bloom、噪点等等,大家可以自己研究一下。
不过有个坑就是移动端最好使用ImageEffect更加稳定一些,我在项目中最开始时使用PostProcess实现的效果,结果在低端机上测试出现花屏现象。查了一下好像是低端机的GPU不支持新的shader api造成的。下面是两种插件的链接。
1.ImageEffect
2.PostProcess

2.UGUI中给image添加shader实现

因为要实现模糊对话面板后面背景的效果,所以就不能通过直接给相机添加特效实现,而是要做成类似遮罩划分出层级。在网上试了好多种shader,下面是我试过其中最好用的。

使用方法:先把image的透明度设置为0,然后把加有shader的material赋给image就可以了。具体效果可以通过改变material上的参数调节。

Shader "Custom/MaskedUIBlur" {
    Properties {
        _Size ("Blur", Range(0, 30)) = 1
        [HideInInspector] _MainTex ("Masking Texture", 2D) = "white" {}
        _AdditiveColor ("Additive Tint color", Color) = (0, 0, 0, 0)
        _MultiplyColor ("Multiply Tint color", Color) = (1, 1, 1, 1)
    }

    Category {

        // We must be transparent, so other objects are drawn before this one.
        Tags { "Queue"="Transparent" "IgnoreProjector"="True" "RenderType"="Opaque" }


        SubShader
        {
            // Horizontal blur
            GrabPass
            {
                "_HBlur"
            }
            /*
            ZTest Off
            Blend SrcAlpha OneMinusSrcAlpha
            */

            Cull Off
            Lighting Off
            ZWrite Off
            ZTest [unity_GUIZTestMode]
            Blend SrcAlpha OneMinusSrcAlpha

            Pass
            {          
                CGPROGRAM
                #pragma vertex vert
                #pragma fragment frag
                #pragma fragmentoption ARB_precision_hint_fastest
                #include "UnityCG.cginc"

                struct appdata_t {
                    float4 vertex : POSITION;
                    float2 texcoord : TEXCOORD0;
                };

                struct v2f {
                    float4 vertex : POSITION;
                    float4 uvgrab : TEXCOORD0;
                    float2 uvmain : TEXCOORD1;
                };

                sampler2D _MainTex;
                float4 _MainTex_ST;

                v2f vert (appdata_t v)
                {
                    v2f o;
                    o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);

                    #if UNITY_UV_STARTS_AT_TOP
                    float scale = -1.0;
                    #else
                    float scale = 1.0;
                    #endif

                    o.uvgrab.xy = (float2(o.vertex.x, o.vertex.y * scale) + o.vertex.w) * 0.5;
                    o.uvgrab.zw = o.vertex.zw;

                    o.uvmain = TRANSFORM_TEX(v.texcoord, _MainTex);
                    return o;
                }

                sampler2D _HBlur;
                float4 _HBlur_TexelSize;
                float _Size;
                float4 _AdditiveColor;
                float4 _MultiplyColor;

                half4 frag( v2f i ) : COLOR
                {   
                    half4 sum = half4(0,0,0,0);

                    #define GRABPIXEL(weight,kernelx) tex2Dproj( _HBlur, UNITY_PROJ_COORD(float4(i.uvgrab.x + _HBlur_TexelSize.x * kernelx * _Size, i.uvgrab.y, i.uvgrab.z, i.uvgrab.w))) * weight

                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.05, -4.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.09, -3.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.12, -2.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.15, -1.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.18,  0.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.15, +1.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.12, +2.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.09, +3.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.05, +4.0);


                    half4 result = half4(sum.r * _MultiplyColor.r + _AdditiveColor.r, 
                                        sum.g * _MultiplyColor.g + _AdditiveColor.g, 
                                        sum.b * _MultiplyColor.b + _AdditiveColor.b, 
                                        tex2D(_MainTex, i.uvmain).a);
                    return result;
                }
                ENDCG
            }

            // Vertical blur
            GrabPass
            {
                "_VBlur"
            }

            Pass
            {          
                CGPROGRAM
                #pragma vertex vert
                #pragma fragment frag
                #pragma fragmentoption ARB_precision_hint_fastest
                #include "UnityCG.cginc"

                struct appdata_t {
                    float4 vertex : POSITION;
                    float2 texcoord: TEXCOORD0;
                };

                struct v2f {
                    float4 vertex : POSITION;
                    float4 uvgrab : TEXCOORD0;
                    float2 uvmain : TEXCOORD1;
                };

                sampler2D _MainTex;
                float4 _MainTex_ST;

                v2f vert (appdata_t v) {
                    v2f o;
                    o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);

                    #if UNITY_UV_STARTS_AT_TOP
                    float scale = -1.0;
                    #else
                    float scale = 1.0;
                    #endif

                    o.uvgrab.xy = (float2(o.vertex.x, o.vertex.y * scale) + o.vertex.w) * 0.5;
                    o.uvgrab.zw = o.vertex.zw;

                    o.uvmain = TRANSFORM_TEX(v.texcoord, _MainTex);

                    return o;
                }

                sampler2D _VBlur;
                float4 _VBlur_TexelSize;
                float _Size;
                float4 _AdditiveColor;
                float4 _MultiplyColor;

                half4 frag( v2f i ) : COLOR
                {
                    half4 sum = half4(0,0,0,0);

                    #define GRABPIXEL(weight,kernely) tex2Dproj( _VBlur, UNITY_PROJ_COORD(float4(i.uvgrab.x, i.uvgrab.y + _VBlur_TexelSize.y * kernely * _Size, i.uvgrab.z, i.uvgrab.w))) * weight

                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.05, -4.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.09, -3.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.12, -2.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.15, -1.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.18,  0.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.15, +1.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.12, +2.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.09, +3.0);
                    sum += GRABPIXEL(0.05, +4.0);

                    half4 result = half4(sum.r * _MultiplyColor.r + _AdditiveColor.r, 
                                        sum.g * _MultiplyColor.g + _AdditiveColor.g, 
                                        sum.b * _MultiplyColor.b + _AdditiveColor.b, 
                                        tex2D(_MainTex, i.uvmain).a);
                    return result;
                }
                ENDCG
            }
        }
    }
}

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