Android关于布局的经典面试题及解答(一)

1、RelativeLayout中如何获取控件相对于屏幕的坐标?

用View.getLocationOnScreen()方法。

2、如何用代码给RelativeLayout中的控件添加布局属性?

用addRule()的方法。

textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.text_view);
		RelativeLayout.LayoutParams para = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
				ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
		para.addRule(RelativeLayout.CENTER_IN_PARENT, RelativeLayout.TRUE);
		textView.setLayoutParams(para);

前提是textView的母布局是个RelativeLayout。

3、GridLayout和TableLayout的区别,有变化。

参见 http://blog.csdn.net/runninglion/article/details/10813929 

4、如何实现截图?

利用/**
* 若要截图,在getDrawingCache前必须要measure和layout
* */
int widthMeasure = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
int heightMeasure = widthMeasure;
parent.measure(widthMeasure, heightMeasure);
parent.layout(0, 0, widthMeasure, heightMeasure);

这是骗人的,根本截不了。正确如下:

private void getDrawBitmap(){
		View parent = this.getWindow().getDecorView();
				//getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.activity_main, null);
		if(parent == null){
			return;
		}
		parent.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);
//		parent.buildDrawingCache();
		/**
		 * 若要截图,在getDrawingCache前必须要measure和layout
		 * */
		int widthMeasure = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
		int heightMeasure = widthMeasure;
		parent.measure(widthMeasure, heightMeasure);
		parent.layout(0, 0, widthMeasure, heightMeasure);
		Bitmap b = parent.getDrawingCache();
		saveBitmap(b,"/storage/sdcard0/Download", "ttt.jpg");

	}
	/**
	 * @param b
	 * @param path
	 * @param name
	 * 保存图片
	 */
	private void saveBitmap(Bitmap b, String path,String name){
		File file = new File(path);
		if (!file.exists()){
			file.mkdir();
		}
		try {
			FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path + "/" + name);
			b.compress(CompressFormat.JPEG, 85, fos);
			fos.close();
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

参见: http://blog.csdn.net/developer_jiangqq/article/details/12164239 http://whithin.blog.51cto.com/690417/1159072

5、如何设置Activity或View的背景颜色为渐变色??

		//设置Activity从上到下的渐变色
		GradientDrawable gradientDraw = new GradientDrawable(Orientation.TOP_BOTTOM,
				new int[]{Color.RED, Color.YELLOW});
		getWindow().setBackgroundDrawable(gradientDraw);

效果:

Android关于布局的经典面试题及解答(一)_第1张图片

更多关于GradientDrawable的用法: http://blog.csdn.net/qq315297923/article/details/8539736 


6、android 的layout_weight的含义:

表示view的原布局宽度再加上剩余空间的程度的比重,所以当两个View的宽度设为wrap_content和match_parent时设同样的weight得效果刚好相反的原因。

参见:

http://www.xiaoyunduo.org/article/97/ 

http://blog.csdn.net/jincf2011/article/details/6598256  

http://yulongsheng.blog.51cto.com/3804293/1260876

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