下拉框相当常见了,例如选择省、市、县;例如选择部门;选择员工。用处一般是多选一。
下拉框一般有两种形式,一种是下拉显示可选项,一种是弹窗显示可选项。通过调整参数spinnerMode,dropdown/dialog分别代表两种下拉框。
注意下拉框的数据需要从资源中关联过来,资源文件res/values/arrays.xml
代码如下:
<resources>
<string-array name="gradeArray">
<item>初一item>
<item>初二item>
<item>初三item>
string-array>
resources>
Android布局文件如下:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="4dp">
<Spinner
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:entries="@array/gradeArray"
android:spinnerMode="dropdown">Spinner>
<Spinner
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:entries="@array/gradeArray"
android:spinnerMode="dialog">Spinner>
<Button
android:id="@+id/buttonOk"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:text="确认" />
LinearLayout>
可以利用数组适配器ArrayAdapter
动态设置下来框的选项,布局文件修改为:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="4dp">
<Spinner
android:id="@+id/spinnerGrade"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:spinnerMode="dropdown">Spinner>
<Button
android:id="@+id/buttonOk"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:text="确认" />
LinearLayout>
代码部分修改为:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Spinner spinnerGrade=findViewById(R.id.spinnerGrade);
//内容数组
String[] gradeArray={"初一","初二","初三","初四"};
//数组适配器
ArrayAdapter<String> gradeAdapter=new ArrayAdapter<>(this,R.layout.support_simple_spinner_dropdown_item,gradeArray);
spinnerGrade.setAdapter(gradeAdapter);
//设置默认选中项
spinnerGrade.setSelection(0);
}
}
点击确认后获取选中项,并显示选中项内容。
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
//内容数组
String[] gradeArray={"初一","初二","初三","初四"};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Spinner spinnerGrade=findViewById(R.id.spinnerGrade);
//数组适配器
ArrayAdapter<String> gradeAdapter=new ArrayAdapter<>(this,R.layout.support_simple_spinner_dropdown_item,gradeArray);
spinnerGrade.setAdapter(gradeAdapter);
//设置默认选中项
spinnerGrade.setSelection(0);
//获取按钮
Button buttonOk = findViewById(R.id.buttonOk);
//设置按钮点击监听器
buttonOk.setOnClickListener(new MyOnClickListener());
}
//定义按钮点击监听器
class MyOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener {
//按钮点击
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
if (view.getId() == R.id.buttonOk) {//被点击的是确认按钮
//获取选中项
Spinner spinnerGrade=findViewById(R.id.spinnerGrade);
//显示提示框
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, gradeArray[spinnerGrade.getSelectedItemPosition()] , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
}
当下拉框选中项发生改变时,弹窗显示新项目,代码如下:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
//内容数组
String[] gradeArray={"初一","初二","初三","初四"};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Spinner spinnerGrade=findViewById(R.id.spinnerGrade);
//数组适配器
ArrayAdapter<String> gradeAdapter=new ArrayAdapter<>(this,R.layout.support_simple_spinner_dropdown_item,gradeArray);
spinnerGrade.setAdapter(gradeAdapter);
//设置默认选中项
spinnerGrade.setSelection(0);
//获取按钮
Button buttonOk = findViewById(R.id.buttonOk);
//设置按钮点击监听器
buttonOk.setOnClickListener(new MyOnClickListener());
spinnerGrade.setOnItemSelectedListener(new MyOnItemSelectedListener());
}
//定义按钮点击监听器
class MyOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener {
//按钮点击
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
if (view.getId() == R.id.buttonOk) {//被点击的是确认按钮
//获取选中项
Spinner spinnerGrade=findViewById(R.id.spinnerGrade);
//显示提示框
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, gradeArray[spinnerGrade.getSelectedItemPosition()] , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
class MyOnItemSelectedListener implements AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener {
//选择
@Override
public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, gradeArray[i], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
//未选择
@Override
public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> adapterView) {
}
}
}