这一部分的内容记述一下对Excel表格的操作,本实战中的测试用例是由Excel来管理的,因此操作Excel是重要的一部分。
再次贴出这张图,所有的测试用例都在这个sheet内,请求数据真实存放在json文件内,表格中的请求数据列放置的是json文件内字典的key值。
操作Excel主要就是取出Excel中的case(即数据),然后执行,重点是怎样取出数据,因为有些数据是不需要的,所以不能用遍历Excel的方法来取数据。
思路一:把列数作为常量,行数作为变量来取想要的数据
思路二:把Excel中不需要的列数据剪切掉,留下需要的数据,然后遍历Excel
这里使用的思路一
下面是excelColNum.py的源码(请根据需要灵活使用,模块作用参考第一篇文章):
1 class ExcelColNum(): 2 case_id = 0 3 model = 1 4 case_name = 2 5 url = 4 6 header = 5 7 run = 6 8 requestMethord = 7 9 caseDepend = 8 10 depReKey = 9 11 depKey = 10 12 requestData = 11 13 respectResult = 12 14 returnData = 13 15 realResult = 14 16 17 #获取用例ID 18 def get_caseID(self): 19 return ExcelColNum.case_id 20 21 #获取请求的url 22 def get_url(self): 23 return ExcelColNum.url 24 25 #获取是否运行 26 def get_run(self): 27 return ExcelColNum.run 28 29 #获取请求方式 30 def get_methord(self): 31 return ExcelColNum.requestMethord 32 33 #获取请求数据 34 def get_requestData(self): 35 return ExcelColNum.requestData 36 37 #或取是否携带header 38 def get_haeder(self): 39 return ExcelColNum.header 40 41 #获取被依赖的caseID 42 def getDepCaseID(self): 43 return ExcelColNum.caseDepend 44 45 #获取被依赖的用例的返回数据的key值 46 def getDepReKey(self): 47 return ExcelColNum.depReKey 48 49 #获取依赖的需要传入值的key值 50 def getDepKey(self): 51 return ExcelColNum.depKey 52 53 #获取预期结果 54 def getRespectResult(self): 55 return ExcelColNum.respectResult 56 57 #获取返回数据 58 def getReturnResult(self): 59 return ExcelColNum.returnData 60 61 #实际结果 62 def getRealResult(self): 63 return ExcelColNum.realResult
然后是operateExcel.py的源码:
1 import xlrd 2 from xlutils.copy import copy 3 4 class operateExcel(): 5 def __init__(self,excelPath=None,sheetName=None): 6 #容错处理 7 if excelPath: 8 self.excelPath = excelPath 9 self.sheetName = sheetName 10 else: 11 self.excelPath = "******" #Excel文件的路径 12 self.sheetName = "******" #sheet的名字 13 self.data = self.openExcel() 14 #打开Excel表格 15 def openExcel(self): 16 file = xlrd.open_workbook(self.excelPath) 17 sheet = file.sheet_by_name(self.sheetName) 18 return sheet 19 20 #获取sheet的行数 21 def getSheetRow(self): 22 rows = self.data.nrows 23 return rows 24 25 #获取sheet的列数 26 def getSheetCol(self): 27 cols = self.data.ncols 28 return cols 29 30 #获取某一个单元格的内容 31 def getCellContent(self,rowNum,colNum): 32 content = self.data.cell_value(rowNum,colNum) 33 return content 34 35 #向excel里追加写入数据 36 def writeValue(self,rowNum,colNum,value): 37 file = xlrd.open_workbook(self.excelPath) 38 workbook = copy(file) 39 sheetData = workbook.get_sheet(0) 40 sheetData.write(rowNum,colNum,value) 41 workbook.save(self.excelPath) 42 43 #获取Excel中某一列的内容 44 def getColData(self,colNum=None): 45 if colNum != None: 46 colData = self.data.col_values(colNum) 47 else: 48 colData = self.data.col_values(0) 49 return colData 50 51 #根据依赖的caseID找到对应的行号 52 def depRowNum(self,caseID): 53 rowNum = 0 54 colDatas = self.getColData() 55 for colData in colDatas: 56 if caseID in colData: 57 return rowNum 58 rowNum += 1 59 60 # 根据行号获取对应行的整行内容 61 def getRowData(self, rowNum): 62 rowData = self.data.row_values(rowNum) 63 return rowData 64 65 #根据依赖的caseID,获取依赖case的行号,根据行号取出对应行的内容 66 def dependCaseData(self,caseID): 67 rowNum = self.depRowNum(caseID) 68 rowData = self.getRowData(rowNum) 69 return rowData
下面是get_Case的源码:
1 from data import operateExcel 2 from data import excelColNum 3 from data import operateJson 4 import json 5 6 class getCaseData(): 7 def __init__(self): 8 self.operateExcel = operateExcel.operateExcel() 9 self.excelColNum = excelColNum.ExcelColNum() 10 self.operateJson = operateJson.operateJson() 11 12 # 获取测试用例的行数,即case的个数,即表格的行数 13 def getExcelRow(self): 14 excelRows = self.operateExcel.getSheetRow() 15 return excelRows 16 17 #获取是否执行 18 def getRun_or_not(self,rowNum): 19 flag = None 20 colNum = self.excelColNum.get_run() 21 runOrNot = self.operateExcel.getCellContent(rowNum,colNum) 22 if runOrNot == "yes": 23 flag = True 24 else: 25 flag = False 26 return flag 27 28 #获取是否携带header,header可以放在配置文件内 29 def getHeader(self,rowNum): 30 colNum = self.excelColNum.get_haeder() 31 headers = self.operateExcel.getCellContent(rowNum,colNum) 32 headers = json.loads(headers) 33 return headers 34 35 #获取请求方式 36 def getRequestMethord(self,rowNum): 37 colNum = self.excelColNum.get_methord() 38 requestmethord = self.operateExcel.getCellContent(rowNum,colNum) 39 return requestmethord 40 41 #获取请求的url 42 def getUrl(self,rowNum): 43 colNum = self.excelColNum.get_url() 44 url = self.operateExcel.getCellContent(rowNum,colNum) 45 return url 46 47 #获取请求数据 48 def getRequestData(self,rowNum): 49 colNum = self.excelColNum.get_requestData() 50 reqData = self.operateExcel.getCellContent(rowNum,colNum) 51 if reqData == "": 52 return None 53 else: 54 return reqData 55 56 #获取json文件内的请求数据 57 def getJsonData(self,rowNum): 58 data = self.operateJson.getJsonData(self.getRequestData(rowNum)) 59 data = json.dumps(data) 60 return data 61 62 #获取预期结果 63 def getRespectResult(self,rowNum): 64 colNum = self.excelColNum.getRespectResult() 65 resResult = self.operateExcel.getCellContent(rowNum,colNum) 66 if resResult == "": 67 return None 68 return resResult 69 70 #写入返回数据 71 def wriReturn(self,rowNum,value): 72 colNum = self.excelColNum.getReturnResult() 73 self.operateExcel.writeValue(rowNum,colNum,value) 74 75 #写入实际结果(pass、fail) 76 def wriRealResult(self,rowNum,value): 77 colNum = self.excelColNum.getRealResult() 78 self.operateExcel.writeValue(rowNum,colNum,value) 79 80 # 判断是否有case依赖 81 def judgeCaseDep(self, rowNum): 82 colNum = self.excelColNum.getDepCaseID() 83 caseID = self.operateExcel.getCellContent(rowNum, colNum) 84 if caseID != "": 85 return caseID 86 else: 87 return None 88 89 #获取Excel中被依赖返回数据中的值 90 def getDepReKey(self,rowNum): 91 colNum = self.excelColNum.getDepReKey() 92 reKey = self.operateExcel.getCellContent(rowNum,colNum) 93 if reKey == "": 94 return None 95 else: 96 return reKey 97 98 #获取Excel中需要传入的依赖的数据 99 def getDependKey(self,rowNum): 100 colNum = self.excelColNum.getDepKey() 101 depkey = self.operateExcel.getCellContent(rowNum,colNum) 102 if depkey != "": 103 return depkey 104 else: 105 return None