HBase shell基本命令
获得某一个命令的详细信息
help ‘status’
hbase(main):006:0> help 'status'
Show cluster status. Can be 'summary', 'simple', 'detailed', or 'replication'. The
default is 'summary'. Examples:
hbase> status
hbase> status 'simple'
hbase> status 'summary'
hbase> status 'detailed'
hbase> status 'replication'
hbase> status 'replication', 'source'
hbase> status 'replication', 'sink'
查询服务器状态
status
hbase(main):007:0> status
1 active master, 0 backup masters, 1 servers, 0 dead, 7.0000 average load
查看所有表
list
hbase(main):008:0> list
TABLE
student
course
member
5 row(s) in 0.0710 seconds
=> ["course", "student","member"]
创建一个表
create ‘FileTable’,‘fileInfo’,‘saveInfo’
hbase(main):001:0> create 'man','basic','extend'
0 row(s) in 2.7520 seconds
=> Hbase::Table - man
获得表的描述
describe ‘FileTable’
hbase(main):002:0> describe 'man'
Table man is ENABLED
man
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => 'basic', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => '
FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
{NAME => 'extend', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL =>
'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
2 row(s) in 0.1980 seconds
添加一个列族
alter ‘FileTable’, ‘cf’
hbase(main):003:0> alter 'man','cf'
Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 2.0370 seconds
注意：最好不要修改列簇，因为涉及到物理存储更新，所以最好在建表的时候，指定好表结构，之后尽量不要去修改。可以看到当添加一个列簇的时候，执行了update all region操作。
删除一个列簇
alter ‘man’, {NAME => ‘cf’, METHOD => ‘delete’}
hbase(main):014:0> alter 'man',{NAME=>'cf',METHOD=>'delete'}
Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 2.3180 seconds
注意：NAME 和 METHOD必须为大写，这事规定。
插入数据
hbase(main):004:0> put 'man', 'rowkey1','basic:name','zs'
0 row(s) in 0.1850 seconds
hbase(main):005:0> put 'man', 'rowkey1','basic:age','18'
0 row(s) in 0.0090 seconds
hbase(main):006:0> put 'man', 'rowkey1','basic:sex','male'
0 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds
hbase(main):007:0> put 'man', 'rowkey1','extend:salary','0'
0 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds
hbase(main):008:0> put 'man', 'rowkey1','extend:job','student'
0 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds
hbase(main):009:0> put 'man', 'rowkey2','basic:name','jack'
0 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds
hbase(main):010:0> put 'man', 'rowkey2','basic:age','26'
0 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds
hbase(main):011:0> put 'man', 'rowkey2','basic:sex','male'
0 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds
hbase(main):012:0> put 'man', 'rowkey2','extend:job','IT'
0 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds
hbase(main):013:0> put 'man', 'rowkey2','extend:salary','20000'
0 row(s) in 0.0130 seconds
查询表中有多少行（多少个rowkey）
count ‘man’
hbase(main):025:0> count 'FileTable'
2 row(s) in 0.0450 seconds
获取一个rowkey的所有数据
get ‘man’, ‘rowkey1’
hbase(main):015:0> get 'man','rowkey1'
COLUMN CELL
basic:age timestamp=1541177216436, value=18
basic:name timestamp=1541177216371, value=zs
basic:sex timestamp=1541177216528, value=male
extend:job timestamp=1541177216611, value=student
extend:salary timestamp=1541177216569, value=0
5 row(s) in 0.0250 seconds
获得一个列簇中的所有数据
get ‘man’, ‘rowkey1’, ‘basic’
hbase(main):017:0> get 'man','rowkey1','basic'
COLUMN CELL
basic:age timestamp=1541177216436, value=18
basic:name timestamp=1541177216371, value=zs
basic:sex timestamp=1541177216528, value=male
3 row(s) in 0.0200 seconds
查询整表数据
scan ‘man’
hbase(main):019:0> scan 'man'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
rowkey1 column=basic:age, timestamp=1541177216436, value=18
rowkey1 column=basic:name, timestamp=1541177216371, value=zs
rowkey1 column=basic:sex, timestamp=1541177216528, value=male
rowkey1 column=extend:job, timestamp=1541177216611, value=student
rowkey1 column=extend:salary, timestamp=1541177216569, value=0
rowkey2 column=basic:age, timestamp=1541177216697, value=26
rowkey2 column=basic:name, timestamp=1541177216655, value=jack
rowkey2 column=basic:sex, timestamp=1541177216726, value=male
rowkey2 column=extend:job, timestamp=1541177216759, value=IT
rowkey2 column=extend:salary, timestamp=1541177217293, value=20000
2 row(s) in 0.0580 seconds
扫描整个列簇
scan ‘man’, {COLUMN=>‘basic’}
hbase(main):020:0> scan 'man', {COLUMN=>'basic'}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
rowkey1 column=basic:age, timestamp=1541177216436, value=18
rowkey1 column=basic:name, timestamp=1541177216371, value=zs
rowkey1 column=basic:sex, timestamp=1541177216528, value=male
rowkey2 column=basic:age, timestamp=1541177216697, value=26
rowkey2 column=basic:name, timestamp=1541177216655, value=jack
rowkey2 column=basic:sex, timestamp=1541177216726, value=male
2 row(s) in 0.0500 seconds
指定扫描其中的某个列
scan ‘man’, {COLUMNS=> ‘basic:name’}
hbase(main):021:0> scan 'man', {COLUMNS=> 'basic:name'}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
rowkey1 column=basic:name, timestamp=1541177216371, value=zs
rowkey2 column=basic:name, timestamp=1541177216655, value=jack
2 row(s) in 0.0280 seconds
除了列（COLUMNS）修饰词外，HBase还支持Limit（限制查询结果行数），STARTROW（ROWKEY起始行。会先根据这个key定位到region，再向后扫描）、STOPROW(结束行)、TIMERANGE（限定时间戳范围）、VERSIONS（版本数）、和FILTER（按条件过滤行）等。比如我们从RowKey1这个rowkey开始，找下一个行的最新版本
hbase(main):022:0> scan 'man',{STARTROW=>'rowkey1',LIMIT=>1,VERSION=>1}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
rowkey1 column=basic:age, timestamp=1541177216436, value=18
rowkey1 column=basic:name, timestamp=1541177216371, value=zs
rowkey1 column=basic:sex, timestamp=1541177216528, value=male
rowkey1 column=extend:job, timestamp=1541177216611, value=student
rowkey1 column=extend:salary, timestamp=1541177216569, value=0
1 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds
Filter是一个非常强大的修饰词，可以设定一系列条件来进行过滤。比如我们要限制名称为file1.txt
scan ‘man’, FILTER=>“ValueFilter(=,'name:zs’)”
FILTER中支持多个过滤条件通过括号、AND和OR的条件组合
scan ‘man’, FILTER=>“ColumnPrefixFilter(‘sex’) AND ValueFilter ValueFilter(=,‘substring:10’)”
通过delete命令，我们可以删除某个字段，接下来的get就无结果
delete ‘man’,‘rowkey1’,‘basic:age’
get ‘man’,‘rowkey1’,‘basic:age’
hbase(main):025:0> delete 'man','rowkey1','basic:age'
0 row(s) in 0.0380 seconds
hbase(main):026:0>
hbase(main):027:0* get 'man','rowkey1','basic:age'
COLUMN CELL
0 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds
删除整行的值
deleteall ‘man’,‘rowkey1’
get ‘man’,’rowkey1’
hbase(main):017:0> deleteall 'man','rowkey1'
0 row(s) in 0.0130 seconds
hbase(main):018:0> get 'man','rowkey1'
COLUMN CELL
0 row(s) in 0.0040 seconds
注意：这里根据rowkey删除，需要使用deleteall
通过enable和disable来启用/禁用这个表,相应的可以通过is_enabled和is_disabled来检查表是否被禁用
is_enabled ‘man’
is_disabled ‘man’
hbase(main):020:0> is_enabled 'man'
true
0 row(s) in 0.0990 seconds
hbase(main):021:0> is_disabled 'man'
false
0 row(s) in 0.0240 seconds
删除表需要先将表disable
disable ‘man’
drop ‘man’
hbase(main):029:0> disable 'man'
0 row(s) in 2.4430 seconds
hbase(main):030:0> drop 'man'
0 row(s) in 1.3180 seconds
使用exists来检查表是否存在
exists ‘FileTable’
hbase(main):028:0> exists 'man'
Table man does exist
0 row(s) in 0.0340 seconds