MS SQLSERVER 中如何得到表的创建语句

MS SQLSERVER 只能得到存储过程的创建语句,方法如下:

sp_helptext procedureName

但是往往我们需要得到表的创建语句,比如说在数据库升级的时候判断某个表是否已经改变,或者已经有一个表存在,但不知道它的创建语句是什么,字段有没有约束,有没有主键,创建了哪些索引等等.下面我给出一个存储过程,供读者参考.

该存储过程可以得到你想得到的所有的表的创建语句,包括和表有关的索引的创建语句.

SQLSERVER2000 下的代码

create procedure SP_GET_TABLE_INFO
@ObjName varchar(128)       /* The table to generate sql script */
as

declare @Script varchar(255)
declare @ColName varchar(30)
declare @ColID   TinyInt
declare @UserType smallint
declare @TypeName sysname
declare @Length   TinyInt
declare @Prec     TinyInt
declare @Scale    TinyInt
declare @Status   TinyInt
declare @cDefault int
declare @DefaultID TinyInt
declare @Const_Key varchar(255)
declare @IndID     SmallInt 
declare @IndStatus Int
declare @Index_Key varchar(255)
declare @DBName    varchar(30)
declare @strPri_Key varchar (255)

/*
**  Check to see the the table exists and initialize @objid.
*/
if not Exists(Select name from sysobjects where name = @ObjName)
begin
  select @DBName = db_name()
    raiserror(15009,-1,-1,@ObjName,@DBName)
    return (1)
end

create table #spscript
(
    id     int IDENTITY not null,
    Script Varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    LastLine tinyint
)

declare Cursor_Column INSENSITIVE CURSOR
  for Select a.name,a.ColID,a.usertype,b.name,a.length,a.prec,a.scale,a.Status, a.cDefault,
        case a.cdefault when 0 then ' ' else (select c.Text from syscomments c where a.cdefault = c.id) end const_key
        from syscolumns a, systypes b where object_name(a.id) = @ObjName
        and a.usertype = b.usertype order by a.ColID

set nocount on
Select @Script = 'Create table ' + @ObjName + '('
Insert into #spscript values(@Script,0)

/* Get column information */
open Cursor_Column

fetch next from Cursor_Column into @ColName,@ColID,@UserType,@TypeName,@Length,@Prec,@Scale,
      @Status,@cDefault,@Const_Key

Select @Script = ''
while (@@FETCH_STATUS <> -1)
begin
  if (@@FETCH_STATUS <> -2)
  begin
    Select @Script = @ColName + ' ' + @TypeName
    if @UserType in (1,2,3,4)
      Select @Script = @Script + '(' + Convert(char(3),@Length) + ') '
    else if @UserType in (24)
      Select @Script = @Script + '(' + Convert(char(3),@Prec) + ','
                      + Convert(char(3),@Scale) + ') '
    else
      Select @Script = @Script + ' '
    if ( @Status & 0x80 ) > 0
      Select @Script = @Script + ' IDENTITY(1,1) '

    if ( @Status & 0x08 ) > 0
      Select @Script = @Script + ' NULL '
    else
      Select @Script = @Script + ' NOT NULL '
    if @cDefault > 0
      Select @Script = @Script + ' DEFAULT ' + @Const_Key
  end
  fetch next from Cursor_Column into @ColName,@ColID,@UserType,@TypeName,@Length,@Prec,@Scale,
      @Status,@cDefault,@Const_Key
  if @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
  begin
    Select @Script = @Script + ','
    Insert into #spscript values(@Script,0)
  end
  else
  begin
    Insert into #spscript values(@Script,1)
    Insert into #spscript values(')',0)
  end
end
Close Cursor_Column
Deallocate Cursor_Column

/* Get index information */
Declare Cursor_Index INSENSITIVE CURSOR
  for Select name,IndID,status from sysindexes where object_name(id)=@ObjName
              and IndID > 0 and IndID<>255  order by IndID   /*增加了对InDid为255的判断*/
Open Cursor_Index
Fetch Next from Cursor_Index into @ColName, @IndID, @IndStatus
while (@@FETCH_STATUS <> -1)
begin
  if @@FETCH_STATUS <> -2
  begin

    declare @i TinyInt
    declare @thiskey varchar(50)
    declare @IndDesc varchar(68) /* string to build up index desc in */

    Select  @i = 1
    while (@i <= 16)
    begin
      select @thiskey = index_col(@ObjName, @IndID, @i)
      if @thiskey is null
        break

      if @i = 1
        select @Index_Key = index_col(@ObjName, @IndID, @i)
      else
        select @Index_Key = @Index_Key + ', ' + index_col(@ObjName, @IndID, @i)
      select @i = @i + 1
    end
    if (@IndStatus & 0x02) > 0
      Select @Script = 'Create unique '
    else
      Select @Script = 'Create '
    if @IndID = 1
      select @Script = @Script + ' clustered '

    if (@IndStatus & 0x800) > 0
     select @strPri_Key = ' PRIMARY KEY (' + @Index_Key + ')'
    else
     select @strPri_Key = ''
     
    if @IndID > 1
      select @Script = @Script + ' nonclustered '
    Select @Script = @Script + ' index ' + @ColName + ' ON '+ @ObjName
           + '(' + @Index_Key + ')'
    Select @IndDesc = ''
    /*
 **  See if the index is ignore_dupkey (0x01).
    */
    if @IndStatus & 0x01 = 0x01
      Select @IndDesc = @IndDesc + ' IGNORE_DUP_KEY' + ','
    /*
     **  See if the index is ignore_dup_row (0x04).
    */
   /* if @IndStatus & 0x04 = 0x04 */
   /*   Select @IndDesc = @IndDesc + ' IGNORE_DUP_ROW' + ',' */ /* 2000 不在支持*/
    /*
 **  See if the index is allow_dup_row (0x40).
    */
    if @IndStatus & 0x40 = 0x40
      Select @IndDesc = @IndDesc + ' ALLOW_DUP_ROW' + ','
    if @IndDesc <> ''
    begin
      Select @IndDesc = SubString( @IndDesc, 1, DataLength(@IndDesc) - 1 )
      Select @Script = @Script + ' WITH ' + @IndDesc
    end
    /*
 **  Add the location of the data.
    */
  end
  if (@strPri_Key = '')
    Insert into #spscript values(@Script,0)
  else
    update #spscript set Script = Script + @strPri_Key where LastLine = 1
 
  Fetch Next from Cursor_Index into @ColName, @IndID, @IndStatus
end
Close Cursor_Index
Deallocate Cursor_Index

Select Script from #spscript

set nocount off

return (0)

SQLSERVER6.5下的代码

create procedure SP_GET_TABLE_INFO
@ObjName varchar(128)       /* The table to generate sql script */
as

declare @Script varchar(255)
declare @ColName varchar(30)
declare @ColID   TinyInt
declare @UserType smallint
declare @TypeName sysname
declare @Length   TinyInt
declare @Prec     TinyInt
declare @Scale    TinyInt
declare @Status   TinyInt
declare @cDefault int
declare @DefaultID TinyInt
declare @Const_Key varchar(255)
declare @IndID     SmallInt
declare @IndStatus SmallInt
declare @Index_Key varchar(255)
declare @Segment   SmallInt
declare @DBName    varchar(30)
declare @strPri_Key varchar (255)

/*
**  Check to see the the table exists and initialize @objid.
*/
if not Exists(Select name from sysobjects where name = @ObjName)
begin
  select @DBName = db_name()
    raiserror(15009,-1,-1,@ObjName,@DBName)
    return (1)
end

create table #spscript
(
    id     int IDENTITY not null,
    Script Varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    LastLine tinyint
)

declare Cursor_Column INSENSITIVE CURSOR
  for Select a.name,a.ColID,a.usertype,b.name,a.length,a.prec,a.scale,a.Status, a.cDefault,
        case a.cdefault when 0 then ' ' else (select case c.text when "(' ')" then "('')" else c.text end
        from syscomments c where a.cdefault = c.id) end const_key
        from syscolumns a, systypes b where object_name(a.id) = @ObjName
        and a.usertype = b.usertype order by a.ColID

set nocount on
Select @Script = 'Create table ' + @ObjName + '('
Insert into #spscript values(@Script,0)

/* Get column information */
open Cursor_Column

fetch next from Cursor_Column into @ColName,@ColID,@UserType,@TypeName,@Length,@Prec,@Scale,
      @Status,@cDefault,@Const_Key

Select @Script = ''
while (@@FETCH_STATUS <> -1)
begin
  if (@@FETCH_STATUS <> -2)
  begin
    Select @Script = @ColName + ' ' + @TypeName
    if @UserType in (1,2,3,4)
      Select @Script = @Script + '(' + Convert(char(3),@Length) + ') '
    else if @UserType in (24)
      Select @Script = @Script + '(' + Convert(char(3),@Prec) + ','
                      + Convert(char(3),@Scale) + ') '
    else
      Select @Script = @Script + ' '
    if ( @Status & 0x80 ) > 0
      Select @Script = @Script + ' IDENTITY(1,1) '

    if ( @Status & 0x08 ) > 0
      Select @Script = @Script + ' NULL '
    else
      Select @Script = @Script + ' NOT NULL '
    if @cDefault > 0
      Select @Script = @Script + ' DEFAULT ' + @Const_Key
  end
  fetch next from Cursor_Column into @ColName,@ColID,@UserType,@TypeName,@Length,@Prec,@Scale,
      @Status,@cDefault,@Const_Key
  if @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
  begin
    Select @Script = @Script + ','
    Insert into #spscript values(@Script,0)
  end
  else
  begin
    Insert into #spscript values(@Script,1)
    Insert into #spscript values(')',0)
  end
end
Close Cursor_Column
Deallocate Cursor_Column

/* Get index information */
Declare Cursor_Index INSENSITIVE CURSOR
  for Select name,IndID,status,Segment from sysindexes where object_name(id)=@ObjName
              and IndID > 0 and IndID<>255 order by IndID
Open Cursor_Index
Fetch Next from Cursor_Index into @ColName, @IndID, @IndStatus, @Segment
while (@@FETCH_STATUS <> -1)
begin
  if @@FETCH_STATUS <> -2
  begin

    declare @i TinyInt
    declare @thiskey varchar(50)
    declare @IndDesc varchar(68) /* string to build up index desc in */

    Select  @i = 1
    while (@i <= 16)
    begin
      select @thiskey = index_col(@ObjName, @IndID, @i)
      if @thiskey is null
        break

      if @i = 1
        select @Index_Key = index_col(@ObjName, @IndID, @i)
      else
        select @Index_Key = @Index_Key + ', ' + index_col(@ObjName, @IndID, @i)
      select @i = @i + 1
    end
    if (@IndStatus & 0x02) > 0
      Select @Script = 'Create unique '
    else
      Select @Script = 'Create '
    if @IndID = 1
      select @Script = @Script + ' clustered '

    if (@IndStatus & 0x800) > 0
     select @strPri_Key = ' PRIMARY KEY (' + @Index_Key + ')'
    else
     select @strPri_Key = ''
     
    if @IndID > 1
      select @Script = @Script + ' nonclustered '
    Select @Script = @Script + ' index ' + @ColName + ' ON '+ @ObjName
           + '(' + @Index_Key + ')'
    Select @IndDesc = ''
    /*
 **  See if the index is ignore_dupkey (0x01).
    */
    if @IndStatus & 0x01 = 0x01
      Select @IndDesc = @IndDesc + ' IGNORE_DUP_KEY' + ','
    /*
     **  See if the index is ignore_dup_row (0x04).
    */
    if @IndStatus & 0x04 = 0x04
      Select @IndDesc = @IndDesc + ' IGNORE_DUP_ROW' + ','
    /*
 **  See if the index is allow_dup_row (0x40).
    */
    if @IndStatus & 0x40 = 0x40
      Select @IndDesc = @IndDesc + ' ALLOW_DUP_ROW' + ','
    if @IndDesc <> ''
    begin
      Select @IndDesc = SubString( @IndDesc, 1, DataLength(@IndDesc) - 1 )
      Select @Script = @Script + ' WITH ' + @IndDesc
    end
    /*
 **  Add the location of the data.
    */
    if @Segment <> 1
      select @Script = @Script + ' ON ' + name
  from syssegments
  where segment = @Segment
  end
  if (@strPri_Key = '')
    Insert into #spscript values(@Script,0)
  else
    update #spscript set Script = Script + @strPri_Key where LastLine = 1
 
  Fetch Next from Cursor_Index into @ColName, @IndID, @IndStatus, @Segment
end
Close Cursor_Index
Deallocate Cursor_Index

Select Script from #spscript order by id

set nocount off

return (0)