C++ QT学习之路----控件应用

包含：QPushButton、QLabel、QLineEdit、QTextEdit、QPlainTextEdit、QComboBox、QFontComboBox、QSpinBox、QTimeEdit、QDateEdit、QScrollBar、QRadioButton、QCheckBox、QListView、QTreeView、QTableView、QHBoxLayout、QGridLayout、QGroupBox、QTabWidget、QMenu、QToolBar、任务栏托盘菜单等控件的使用。

cpp文件代码如下：

#include "QT_practice.h"
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

QT_practice::QT_practice(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
{
    ui.setupUi(this);

	//创建一个QLabel控件
	QLabel *label = new QLabel(this);
	//QLabel控件显示文字内容
	label->setText("Hello World!");
	//显示位置
	label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 200, 25));

	//窗体标题
	QString str;
	str = str.fromLocal8Bit("Qt1.0 移动无边框窗体");
	/*
	//去掉标题栏
	this->setWindowFlags(Qt::FramelessWindowHint);
	//添加一个关闭按钮，实现关闭功能
	btClose = new QPushButton(this);
	btClose->setText("close");
	btClose->setGeometry(QRect(50, 100, 200, 25));
	//按钮点击事件
	connect(btClose, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(close()));
	*/

	//去掉标题栏最大化、最小化按钮
	//this->setWindowFlags(Qt::WindowCloseButtonHint);
	this->setWindowTitle(str);
	//窗体ICO图片
	this->setWindowIcon(QIcon("qt.ico"));
	//窗体最大300*300
	this->setMaximumSize(1000, 1000);
	//窗体最小300*300
	this->setMinimumSize(1000, 1000);


	//默认窗体居中显示，如果想要更改，用move或setGeometry
	this->move(100,100);
	this->move(x() + 100, x() + 100);
	//设置背景透明
	//this->setAttribute(Qt::WA_TranslucentBackground, true);
	//this->setStyleSheet("background-image:url(:/new/prefixl/touming);background-repeat:no-repeat;");
	//背景灰色
	//this->setStyleSheet("background:grey");

	//实例QPushButton控件
	button = new QPushButton(this);
	//按钮显示位置
	str = str.fromLocal8Bit("打开子窗口");
	button->setText(str);
	button->setGeometry(QRect(100, 100, 100, 25));
	//点击事件
	connect(button, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(showsubWindow()));

	//button改变文字
	str = str.fromLocal8Bit("按钮A");
	button = new QPushButton(str, this);
	//定义按钮X轴、Y轴，W宽、H高
	button->setGeometry(QRect(100, 150, 150, 25));
	//添加槽事件
	connect(button, SIGNAL(released()), this, SLOT(txtbutton()));

	//实例QLabel控件
	str = str.fromLocal8Bit("我是QLabel");
	label = new QLabel(str, this);
	//位置
	label->setGeometry(QRect(100, 200, 100, 25));
	label->setStyleSheet("font-size:20px;color:red;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic");

	//创建QLineEdit控件
	lineEdit = new QLineEdit(this);
	//位置大小
	lineEdit->setGeometry(QRect(100, 250, 200, 25));
	lineEdit->setStyleSheet("border:1px;border-style:solid;color:red;border-color:blue red;");
	//限制最长输入12位
	lineEdit->setMaxLength(12);
	//密码*号输入
	lineEdit->setEchoMode(QLineEdit::Password);

	//实例QTextEdit控件
	textEdit = new QTextEdit(this);
	//控件位置大小
	textEdit->setGeometry(QRect(100, 300, 200, 100));
	//内容
	str = str.fromLocal8Bit("我是第一行
我是第二行");
	textEdit->setText(str);

	//实例
	plainTextEdit = new QPlainTextEdit(this);
	//位置
	plainTextEdit->setGeometry(QRect(100, 400, 200, 100));
	//添加内容
	str = str.fromLocal8Bit("第一行");
	plainTextEdit->setPlainText(str);

	//实例QComboBox
	comboBox = new QComboBox(this);
	//控件显示位置大小
	comboBox->setGeometry(QRect(100, 450, 120, 25));
	//定义字符串列表
	QStringList str_list;
	str_list << str.fromLocal8Bit("数学") << str.fromLocal8Bit("语文") << str.fromLocal8Bit("地理");
	//将字符串列表绑定QComboBox控件
	comboBox->addItems(str_list);

	//实例QFontComboBox
	fontComboBox = new QFontComboBox(this);
	//实例QPushButton
	fontbutton = new QPushButton(this);
	//实例QLabel
	fontlabel = new QLabel(this);
	fontlabel->setText(str.fromLocal8Bit("字体示例"));
	fontlabel->setGeometry(QRect(100, 500, 300, 25));
	//按钮名
	fontbutton->setText(str.fromLocal8Bit("按钮"));
	//位置
	fontbutton->move(180, 50);
	//事件
	connect(fontbutton, SIGNAL(released()), this, SLOT(fontButton()));
	//QFontComboBox控件位置
	fontComboBox->setGeometry(QRect(50, 150, 120, 25));

	//实例QSpinBox
	spinBox = new QSpinBox(this);
	//位置
	spinBox->setGeometry(QRect(100, 600, 100, 25));
	//值范围
	spinBox->setRange(0, 2000);
	//初始值
	spinBox->setValue(10);
	//后缀
	spinBox->setSuffix(str.fromLocal8Bit("元"));
	//前缀
	spinBox->setPrefix("$");

	//实例
	timeEdit = new QTimeEdit(this);
	//位置
	timeEdit->setGeometry(QRect(200, 600, 120, 25));
	//获取系统时间
	QDateTime sysTime = QDateTime::currentDateTime();
	//获取时分秒以“：”号拆分赋予list数组
	QStringList list = sysTime.toString("hh:mm:ss").split(':');
	//将时分秒绑定控件
	timeEdit->setTime(QTime(list[0].toInt(), list[1].toInt(), list[2].toInt()));

	//实例
	dateEdit = new QDateEdit(this);
	//位置
	dateEdit->setGeometry(QRect(200, 750, 120, 25));
	//获取系统时间
	sysTime = QDateTime::currentDateTime();
	//获取时分秒以“-”号拆分赋予list数组
	list = sysTime.toString("yyyy-MM-dd").split('-');
	//将年月日绑定控件 
	dateEdit->setDate(QDate(list[0].toInt(), list[1].toInt(), list[2].toInt()));

	//实例
	scrollBar = new QScrollBar(this);
	spinBox1 = new QSpinBox(this);
	//横显/竖显
	scrollBar->setOrientation(Qt::Horizontal);
	//位置
	scrollBar->setGeometry(QRect(200, 650, 180, 20));
	spinBox1->setGeometry(QRect(200, 700, 100, 25));
	//控制条宽度
	scrollBar->setPageStep(10);
	//scrollBar 事件
	connect(scrollBar, SIGNAL(valueChanged(int)), spinBox1, SLOT(setValue(int)));
	//spinBox事件
	connect(spinBox1, SIGNAL(valueChanged(int)), scrollBar, SLOT(setValue(int)));
	//初始值
	scrollBar->setValue(50);

	//实例
	radioM = new QRadioButton(this);
	radioW = new QRadioButton(this);
	radiolabel = new QLabel(this);
	//位置
	radioM->setGeometry(QRect(400, 50, 50, 50));
	radioW->setGeometry(QRect(450, 50, 50, 50));
	radiolabel->setGeometry(QRect(400, 100, 100, 25));
	radioM->setText("man");
	radioW->setText("woman");
	//默认选择
	radioM->setChecked(true);
	radiolabel->setText("man");
	//事件
	connect(radioM, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(radioChange()));
	connect(radioW, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(radioChange()));

	//实例化checkBox控件
	checkBox01 = new QCheckBox(this);
	checkBox02 = new QCheckBox(this);
	checkBox03 = new QCheckBox(this);
	//实例label控件显示结果
	checklabel = new QLabel(this);
	//控件位置
	checkBox01->setGeometry(QRect(400, 100, 50, 50));
	checkBox02->setGeometry(QRect(450, 100, 50, 50));
	checkBox03->setGeometry(QRect(500, 100, 50, 50));
	checklabel->setGeometry(QRect(400, 150, 200, 30));
	//控件值
	checkBox01->setText(str.fromLocal8Bit("数学"));
	checkBox02->setText(str.fromLocal8Bit("语文"));
	checkBox03->setText(str.fromLocal8Bit("地理"));
	//checkbox控件点击事件
	connect(checkBox01, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(checkChange()));
	connect(checkBox02, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(checkChange()));
	connect(checkBox03, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(checkChange()));

	//实例listView 
	listView = new QListView(this);
	//定义位置宽高
	listView->setGeometry(QRect(400, 200, 100, 100));
	//StringList 数组
	QStringList list_string;
	list_string << str.fromLocal8Bit("数学") << str.fromLocal8Bit("语文") << str.fromLocal8Bit("外语") << str.fromLocal8Bit("地理");
	//添加数据
	model = new QStringListModel(list_string);
	//将数据绑定listView控件
	listView->setModel(model);

	//实例QTreeView 控件
	treeView = new QTreeView(this);
	//位置
	treeView->setGeometry(QRect(400, 300, 150, 200));
	//实例数据类型4个节点，2列
	treemodel = new QStandardItemModel(3, 2);
	//列名称
	treemodel->setHeaderData(0, Qt::Horizontal, str.fromLocal8Bit("第一列"));
	treemodel->setHeaderData(1, Qt::Horizontal, str.fromLocal8Bit("第二列"));
	//定义节点
	QStandardItem *item1 = new QStandardItem(str.fromLocal8Bit("数学"));
	item1->setIcon(QIcon("://new/prefix1/folder"));

	QStandardItem *item2 = new QStandardItem(str.fromLocal8Bit("语文"));
	item2->setIcon(QIcon(":/new/prefix1/folder"));

	QStandardItem *item3 = new QStandardItem(str.fromLocal8Bit("外语"));
	item3->setIcon(QIcon(":/new/prefix1/folder"));

	//外语子项
	QStandardItem *item4 = new QStandardItem(str.fromLocal8Bit("外语A"));
	item4->setIcon(QIcon(":/new/prefix1/file"));
	item3->appendRow(item4);

	//将节点添加至QStandardItemModel
	treemodel->setItem(0, 0, item1);
	treemodel->setItem(1, 0, item2);
	treemodel->setItem(2, 0, item3);

	//将QStandardItemModel数据绑定QTreeView控件
	treeView->setModel(treemodel);

	//实例
	tableView = new QTableView(this);
	//位置
	tableView->setGeometry(QRect(400, 500, 310, 200));
	//实例数据模型
	tablemodel = new QStandardItemModel();
	//定义列
	tablemodel->setHorizontalHeaderItem(0, new QStandardItem(str.fromLocal8Bit("数学")));
	tablemodel->setHorizontalHeaderItem(1, new QStandardItem(str.fromLocal8Bit("语文")));
	tablemodel->setHorizontalHeaderItem(2, new QStandardItem(str.fromLocal8Bit("外语")));

	//行数据0行，0列
	tablemodel->setItem(0, 0, new QStandardItem(str.fromLocal8Bit("数学A")));
	tablemodel->setItem(0, 1, new QStandardItem(str.fromLocal8Bit("语文A")));
	tablemodel->setItem(0, 2, new QStandardItem(str.fromLocal8Bit("外语A")));

	tablemodel->setItem(1, 0, new QStandardItem(str.fromLocal8Bit("数学B")));
	tablemodel->setItem(1, 1, new QStandardItem(str.fromLocal8Bit("语文B")));
	tablemodel->setItem(1, 2, new QStandardItem(str.fromLocal8Bit("外语B")));

	//将数据模型绑定控件
	tableView->setModel(tablemodel);

	//创建横向布局
	hboxLayout = new QHBoxLayout();
	button1 = new QPushButton(str.fromLocal8Bit("按钮1"));
	button2 = new QPushButton(str.fromLocal8Bit("按钮2"));
	button3 = new QPushButton(str.fromLocal8Bit("按钮3"));

	//向布局中添加控件
	hboxLayout->addWidget(button1);
	hboxLayout->addWidget(button2);
	hboxLayout->addWidget(button3);

	//间隔
	hboxLayout->setSpacing(60);

	//实例QWidget
	widget = new QWidget();
	//绑定布局
	widget->setLayout(hboxLayout);
	//绑定界面
	this->setCentralWidget(widget);

	//创建纵向布局
	gridLayout = new QGridLayout();

	gridbutton1 = new QPushButton(str.fromLocal8Bit("按钮1"));
	gridbutton2 = new QPushButton(str.fromLocal8Bit("按钮2"));
	gridbutton3 = new QPushButton(str.fromLocal8Bit("按钮3"));

	//向布局中添加控件
	gridLayout->addWidget(gridbutton1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
	gridLayout->addWidget(gridbutton2, 0, 1, 1, 1);
	gridLayout->addWidget(gridbutton3, 1, 0, 1, 1);

	//实例QWidget
	gridwidget = new QWidget();

	//绑定布局
	gridwidget->setLayout(gridLayout);
	//绑定界面
	this->setCentralWidget(gridwidget);

	//实例QGroupBox
	box = new QGroupBox(this);
	//位置、大小
	box->setGeometry(QRect(400, 700, 340, 100));
	//标题
	box->setTitle(str.fromLocal8Bit("语音栏目"));
	//实例按钮
	groupbutton = new QPushButton();
	groupbutton->setText(str.fromLocal8Bit("按钮"));
	//实例布局
	vbox = new QVBoxLayout;
	//将按钮加入布局
	vbox->addWidget(groupbutton);
	//将布局加入QGroupBox控件
	box->setLayout(vbox);

	//实例QTabWidget
	tabWidget = new QTabWidget(this);
	tabWidget->setGeometry(QRect(600, 30, 340, 140));
	tabWidget->addTab(new tabA, str.fromLocal8Bit("A栏目"));
	tabWidget->addTab(new tabB, str.fromLocal8Bit("B栏目"));

	//填充菜单子节点
	newAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/new"), tr("新建"), this);
	newAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+N"));
	newAct->setStatusTip(tr("新建文件"));
	connect(newAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(newFile()));

	cutAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/cut"), tr("剪切"), this);
	cutAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+X"));
	cutAct->setStatusTip(tr("剪切内容"));

	copyAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/copy"), tr("复制"),this);
	copyAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+C"));
	copyAct->setStatusTip(tr("复制内容"));

	pasteAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/paste"), tr("粘贴"), this);
	pasteAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+V"));
	pasteAct->setStatusTip(tr("粘贴内容"));

	aboutQtAct = new QAction(tr("关于Qt"), this);
	aboutQtAct->setStatusTip(tr("关于Qt信息"));
	connect(aboutQtAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), qApp, SLOT(aboutQt()));

	//填充菜单
	fileMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("文件"));
	fileMenu->addAction(newAct);
	fileMenu->addSeparator();

	editMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("编辑"));
	editMenu->addAction(cutAct);
	editMenu->addAction(copyAct);
	editMenu->addAction(pasteAct);
	menuBar()->addSeparator();

	helpMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("帮助"));
	helpMenu->addAction(aboutQtAct);

	//toolBar工具条
	fileToolBar = addToolBar(tr("新建"));
	fileToolBar->addAction(newAct);

	editToolBar = addToolBar(tr("修改"));
	editToolBar->addAction(cutAct);
	editToolBar->addAction(copyAct);
	editToolBar->addAction(pasteAct);

	//菜单
	createMenu();
	//判断系统是否支持托盘图标
	if (!QSystemTrayIcon::isSystemTrayAvailable())
	{
		return;
	}
	//实例QSystemTrayIcon
	myTrayIcon = new QSystemTrayIcon(this);
	//设置图标
	myTrayIcon->setIcon(QIcon(":/new/prefixl/ico"));
	//鼠标放托盘图标上提示信息
	myTrayIcon->setToolTip("Qt托盘图标功能");
	//设置消息
	myTrayIcon->showMessage("托盘", "托盘管理", QSystemTrayIcon::Information, 10000);
	//托盘菜单
	myTrayIcon->setContextMenu(myMenu);
	//显示
	myTrayIcon->show();
}

//绘制菜单
void QT_practice::createMenu()
{
	restoreWinAction = new QAction("恢复(&R)", this);
	quitAction = new QAction("退出(&Q)", this);
	//恢复
	connect(restoreWinAction, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(showNormal()));
	//退出
	connect(quitAction, SIGNAL(triggered()), qApp, SLOT(quit()));

	myMenu = new QMenu((QWidget*)QApplication::desktop());
	//添加菜单
	myMenu->addAction(restoreWinAction);
	//分隔符
	myMenu->addSeparator();
	myMenu->addAction(quitAction);
}

//恢复
void QT_practice::showNormal()
{
	this->show();
}

//点击最小化按钮隐藏界面
void QWidget::changeEvent(QEvent *e)
{
	if ((e->type() == QEvent::WindowStateChange) && this->isMinimized())
	{
		//QTimer::singleShot(100,this,SLOT(hide()));
		this->hide();
	}
}
//子菜单事件
void QT_practice::newFile() {
	QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Warning"),
		tr("创建新文件？"),
		QMessageBox::Yes | QMessageBox::Default,
		QMessageBox::No);
}
tabA::tabA(QWidget *parent) :QWidget(parent)
{
	QString str;
	QPushButton *buttonA = new QPushButton(this);
	buttonA->setText(str.fromLocal8Bit("页面A"));
}
tabB::tabB(QWidget *parent) :QWidget(parent)
{
	QString str;
	QPushButton *buttonB = new QPushButton(this);
	buttonB->setText(str.fromLocal8Bit("页面B"));
}
void QT_practice::showsubWindow()
{
	//显示subWindow窗体
	sw.show();
}
void QT_practice::txtbutton()
{
	QString str;
	str = str.fromLocal8Bit("按钮B");
	button->setText(str);
}
//方法
void QT_practice::fontButton()
{
	QString str;
	fontlabel->setText(str.fromLocal8Bit("选择字体:") + fontComboBox->currentText());
}
//radio点击方法
void QT_practice::radioChange()
{
	if (sender() == radioM)
	{
		radiolabel->setText("man");
	}
	else if (sender() == radioW)
	{
		radiolabel->setText("woman");
	}
}
QString check_str;
void QT_practice::checkChange()
{
	QString str;
	if (sender() == checkBox01)
	{
		//判断是否被选中
		if (checkBox01->checkState() == Qt::Checked)
		{
			check_str += str.fromLocal8Bit("数学");
		}
		else
		{
			check_str = check_str.replace(str.fromLocal8Bit("数学"), QString(""));
		}
	}
	else if (sender() == checkBox02)
	{
		if (checkBox02->checkState() == Qt::Checked)
		{
			check_str += str.fromLocal8Bit("语文");
		}
		else
		{
			check_str = check_str.replace(str.fromLocal8Bit("语文"), QString(""));
		}
	}
	else if (sender() == checkBox03)
	{
		if (checkBox03->checkState() == Qt::Checked)
		{
			check_str += str.fromLocal8Bit("地理");
		}
		else
		{
			check_str = check_str.replace(str.fromLocal8Bit("地理"), QString(""));
		}
	}
	//绑定值
	checklabel->setText(check_str);
}
/*
void QT_practice::mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *e)
{
	last = e->globalPos();
}

void QT_practice::mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *e)
{
	int dx = e->globalX() - last.x();
	int dy = e->globalY() - last.y();

	last = e->globalPos();
	move(this->pos().x() + dx, this->pos().y() + dy);//这里（x(),y()）是父窗体左上角在屏幕中的位置
}

void QT_practice::mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *e)
{
	int dx = e->globalX() - last.x();
	int dy = e->globalY() - last.y();
	move(x() + dx, y() + dy);
}
*/

头文件代码如下：

#pragma once

#include 
#include "ui_QT_practice.h"

#include 	//鼠标类头文件
#include 	//引用按钮类头文件
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 	//QListView类
#include 	//数据模型类
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 	//任务栏类
#include "subwindow.h"	//引用子窗体

class QT_practice : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    QT_practice(QWidget *parent = Q_NULLPTR);

private:
    Ui::QT_practiceClass ui;
	QPushButton *button;
	QPushButton *changetxtButton;
	subWindow sw;

	//声明QLabel
	QLabel *label;
	//声明QLineEdit
	QLineEdit *lineEdit;
	//声明QTextEdit
	QTextEdit *textEdit;
	QPlainTextEdit *plainTextEdit;
	QComboBox *comboBox;
	
	//QFontComboBox字体下拉列表框
	QFontComboBox *fontComboBox;
	QPushButton *fontbutton;
	QLabel *fontlabel;
	QSpinBox *spinBox;

	QTimeEdit *timeEdit;
	QDateEdit *dateEdit;
	QScrollBar *scrollBar;
	QSpinBox *spinBox1;
	QRadioButton *radioM;
	QRadioButton *radioW;
	QLabel *radiolabel;
	QCheckBox *checkBox01;
	QCheckBox *checkBox02;
	QCheckBox *checkBox03;
	QLabel *checklabel;
	QListView *listView;
	QStringListModel *model;
	QTreeView *treeView;
	QStandardItemModel *treemodel;
	QTableView *tableView;
	QStandardItemModel *tablemodel;
	QHBoxLayout *hboxLayout;
	QPushButton *button1;
	QPushButton *button2;
	QPushButton *button3;
	QWidget *widget;
	QGridLayout *gridLayout;
	QPushButton *gridbutton1;
	QPushButton *gridbutton2;
	QPushButton *gridbutton3;
	QWidget *gridwidget;
	QGroupBox *box;
	QPushButton *groupbutton;
	QVBoxLayout *vbox;
	QTabWidget *tabWidget;
	QMenu *fileMenu, *editMenu, *helpMenu;
	QToolBar *fileToolBar, *editToolBar;
	QAction *newAct;
	QAction *cutAct;
	QAction *copyAct;
	QAction *pasteAct;
	QAction *aboutQtAct;
	QSystemTrayIcon *myTrayIcon;
	QMenu *myMenu;
	QAction *restoreWinAction;
	QAction *quitAction;
	void createMenu();
private slots:
	void showsubWindow();
	void txtbutton();
	void fontButton();
	void radioChange();
	void checkChange();
	void newFile();
	void showNormal();
public:
	
	/*
protected:
	//鼠标按下
	void mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *e);
	//鼠标移动
	void mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *e);
	//鼠标释放
	void mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *e);

private:
	QPushButton *btClose;
	QPoint last;*/
};
//tabA类
class tabA :public QWidget
{
	Q_OBJECT
public:
	tabA(QWidget *parent = 0);
};
//tabB类
class tabB :public QWidget
{
	Q_OBJECT
public:
	tabB(QWidget *parent = 0);
};

写得比较杂乱，仅供以后查询控件使用方法用。

另外，存在一个问题，就是界面总是出现中文乱码，只有用QString.FromLocal8Bit()转换一下，才不会出现乱码，不知道VS工具里哪里可以设置一下，一劳永逸，不用每次都去转换。