Flask项目实战——6—(前台用户模型、前台登录注册、图形验证码、手机短信验证码、添加表单验证短信验证码请求)
1、前台用户模型
前台用户模型定义
创建前台模型文件 apps/front/models.py
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
@File : models.py
@Time : 2020/5/11 10:00
@Author : chen
前台模型文件 apps/front/models.py
"""
# 前台管理的模型
from exts import db # 数据库连接
import shortuuid # 前台用户id加密
from datetime import datetime
from werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash, check_password_hash # 导入密码加密，解密方法的库
import enum # 导入枚举
# 性别选择的类
class GenderEnum(enum.Enum):
MALE = 1
FEMALE = 2
SECRET = 3
UNKNOW = 4
# 前台用户模型类
class Front_User(db.Model):
__tablename__ = "front_user"
# id 类型不用db.Integer类型，使用String是为了防止爆破，同时使用shortuuid进行加密
id = db.Column(db.String(100), primary_key=True, default=shortuuid.uuid)
telephone = db.Column(db.String(11), nullable=False, unique=True) # 非空唯一
username = db.Column(db.String(150), nullable=False)
_password = db.Column(db.String(150), nullable=False) # 密码加密操作修改字段
email = db.Column(db.String(50), unique=True)
realname = db.Column(db.String(50))
avatar = db.Column(db.String(150)) # 头像，二进制数据
signatrue = db.Column(db.String(500)) # 签名
gender = db.Column(db.Enum(GenderEnum), default=GenderEnum.UNKNOW) # 性别枚举类，默认未知
join_time = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.now) # 默认当前时间
# 修改密码加密操作，manage.py映射数据库时候，使用字段保持相同，由于字段太多，使用传参形式
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
if 'password' in kwargs: # 如果传参中包含有
self.password = kwargs.get('password') # 获取该参数值赋值给password
kwargs.pop('password') # 模型参数中是_password，不是password，弹出
# super(FrontUser, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) # python2的写法
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
# 密码加密操作
@property
def password(self): # 密码取值
return self._password
@password.setter # 密码加密
def password(self, raw_password):
self._password = generate_password_hash(raw_password)
# 用于验证前台登录密码是否和数据库一致，raw_password是前台登录输入的密码
def check_password(self, raw_password):
result = check_password_hash(self.password, raw_password) # 相当于用相同的hash加密算法加密raw_password，检测与数据库中是否一致
return result
前台用户模型映射到数据库
映射数据库信息文件manage.py
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
@File : manage.py
@Time : 2020/5/10 17:36
@Author : chen
"""
from flask_script import Manager
from bbs import app # 需要将当前文件夹设置为当前根目录，才不会报错
from flask_migrate import Migrate, MigrateCommand
from exts import db
# 导入后台模型 才能映射到数据库 导入后端的模型
from apps.cms.models import CMS_User
# 导入后台角色模型,映射到数据库 CMSPersmission角色权限定义类
from apps.cms.models import CMSRole, CMSPersmission
# 导入前台模型 才能映射到数据库
from apps.front.models import Front_User
manage = Manager(app)
Migrate(app, db)
manage.add_command('db', MigrateCommand)
# 命令行添加后台用户
@manage.option('-u', '--username', dest='username')
@manage.option('-p', '--password', dest='password')
@manage.option('-e', '--email', dest='email')
def create_cms_user(username, password, email):
user = CMS_User(username=username, password=password, email=email)
# 添加映射到数据库，提交至数据库
db.session.add(user)
db.session.commit()
print("cms后台用户添加成功")
# 命令行添加前台用户
@manage.option('-t', '--telephone', dest='telephone')
@manage.option('-u', '--username', dest='username')
@manage.option('-p', '--password', dest='password')
def create_front_user(telephone, username, password):
user = Front_User(telephone=telephone, username=username, password=password)
# 添加映射到数据库，提交至数据库
db.session.add(user)
db.session.commit()
print("front前台用户添加成功")
# 添加角色 不传参用command
@manage.command
def create_role():
# 访问者
visitor = CMSRole(name="访问者", desc="只能查看数据，不能修改数据")
visitor.permission = CMSPersmission.VISITOR # 权限
# 运营人员
operator = CMSRole(name="运营人员", desc="管理评论、帖子、管理前台用户")
# 权限或运算，代表包含有运算中的所有权限 二进制的运算 001|010=011
operator.permission = CMSPersmission.VISITOR | CMSPersmission.POSTER | CMSPersmission.CMSUSER | \
CMSPersmission.COMMENTER | CMSPersmission.FRONTUSER
# 管理员
admin = CMSRole(name="管理员", desc="拥有本系统大部分权限")
admin.permission = CMSPersmission.VISITOR | CMSPersmission.POSTER | CMSPersmission.CMSUSER | \
CMSPersmission.COMMENTER | CMSPersmission.FRONTUSER | CMSPersmission.BOARDER
# 开发人员
developer = CMSRole(name="开发人员", desc="拥有本系统所有权限")
developer.permission = CMSPersmission.ALL_PERMISSION
# 提交数据库 添加身份字段到数据库中的表,
db.session.add_all([visitor, operator, admin, developer])
db.session.commit()
return "创建角色成功"
# 测试用户权限
@manage.command
def test_permission():
# user = CMS_User.query.first() # 查询第一个用户，当时创建的用户还没有关联权限，所以应该是没有权限
user = CMS_User.query.get(3)
print(user) # 显示用户信息
if user.has_permissions(CMSPersmission.VISITOR): # has_permissions方法判定是否具有该权限
print("这个用户有访问者的权限！")
else:
print("这个用户有访问者的权限！")
# 添加用户到角色里面
@manage.option("-e", "--email", dest="email")
@manage.option("-n", "--name", dest="name")
def add_user_to_role(email, name):
user = CMS_User.query.filter_by(email=email).first() # 通过邮箱查询用户
if user:
role = CMSRole.query.filter_by(name=name).first() # 邮箱存在的前提下，通过name查询角色
if role:
role.users.append(user) # 将用户添加到角色中，list类型数据，role.users是CMSRole中的外键
db.session.commit() # 映射到数据库
print("用户添加到角色成功")
else:
print("该角色不存在")
else:
print("邮箱不存在")
if __name__ == '__main__':
manage.run()
命令行执行映射数据库
python manage.py db migrate
python manage.py db upgrade
命令行添加前台用户
python manage.py create_front_user -t 15210438734 -u ch -p 1234
2、前台登录注册
注册界面搭建
前台用户注册界面：templates/front/front_signup.html
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>论坛注册title>
<script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.1.1/jquery.min.js">script>
<link href="http://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="{{ url_for('static', filename='front/css/front_signbase.css') }}" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js">script>
head>
<body>
<div class="outer-box">
<div class="logo-box">
<a href="/">
<img src="{{ url_for('static',filename='common/images/logo.png') }}"/>
a>
div>
<h2 class="page-title">BBS论坛注册h2>
<div class="sign-box">
<div class="form-group">
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" name="telephone" class="form-control" placeholder="手机号码">
<span class="input-group-btn">
<button class="btn btn-default">
发送验证码
button>
span>
div>
div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" name="sms_captcha" class="form-control" placeholder="短信验证码">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" name="username" class="form-control" placeholder="用户名">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="password" name="password" class="form-control" placeholder="密码">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="password" name="password2" class="form-control" placeholder="确认密码">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" name="graph_captcha" class="form-control" placeholder="图形验证码">
<span class="input-group-addon captcha-addon">
图形验证码
span>
div>
div>
<div class="form-group">
<button class="btn btn-warning btn-block">
立即注册
button>
div>
div>
div>
body>
html>
前台注册界面静态资源文件：static/front/css/front_base.css
body{
background: #f3f3f3;
}
.outer-box{
width: 854px;
background: #fff;
margin: 0 auto;
overflow: hidden;
}
.logo-box{
text-align: center;
padding-top: 40px;
}
.logo-box img{
width: 60px;
height:60px;
}
.page-title{
text-align: center;
}
.sign-box{
width: 300px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding-top: 50px;
}
.captcha-addon{
padding: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}
.captcha-img{
width: 94px;
height: 32px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.captcha-addon{
padding:0;
/*溢出隐藏*/
overflow: hidden;
}
.captcha-img{
width:94px;
height:32px;
cursor:pointer;
}
前台的蓝图文件：apps/front/views.py
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
@File : views.py
@Time : 2020/5/11 9:59
@Author : chen
前台蓝图文件：apps/front/views.py
"""
# 前台的蓝图文件 类视图函数写在这里
from flask import Blueprint, render_template, views
front_bp = Blueprint("front_bp", __name__) # 前端不用前缀，直接在首页显示
@front_bp.route("/")
def index():
return "front index：前端的首页"
# 用户注册类视图
class SingupView(views.MethodView):
def get(self):
return render_template("front/front_signup.html")
def post(self):
pass
# 绑定类视图的路由
front_bp.add_url_rule("/signup/", view_func=SingupView.as_view("/signup/"))
需要注意的是：在static/common/images/文件夹中添加一个logo.png的图片文件，用于显示在注册界面上方：
3、图形验证码
先导入pillow库
pip install pillow -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
虚拟环境中此项目需要用的库：
创建图像验证码生成文件：utils/captcha/ _ _ init_ _.py
import random
import string
# Image：一个画布
# ImageDraw：一个画笔
# ImageFont:画笔的字体
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
# pip install pillow
# Captcha验证码
class Captcha(object):
# 生成几位数的验证码
number = 4
# 验证码图片的宽度和高度
size = (100, 30)
# 验证码字体大小
fontsize = 30
# 加入干扰线的条数
line_number = 2
# 构建一个验证码源文本
SOURCE = list(string.ascii_letters)
for index in range(0, 10):
SOURCE.append(str(index))
# 用来绘制干扰线
@classmethod
def __gene_line(cls, draw, width, height):
begin = (random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height))
end = (random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height))
draw.line([begin, end], fill=cls.__gene_random_color(), width=2)
# 用来绘制干扰点
@classmethod
def __gene_points(cls, draw, point_chance, width, height):
chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100]
for w in range(width):
for h in range(height):
tmp = random.randint(0, 100)
if tmp > 100 - chance:
draw.point((w, h), fill=cls.__gene_random_color())
# 生成随机的颜色
@classmethod
def __gene_random_color(cls, start=0, end=255):
random.seed()
return (random.randint(start, end), random.randint(start, end), random.randint(start, end))
# 随机选择一个字体
@classmethod
def __gene_random_font(cls):
fonts = [
'Lobster-Regular.ttf',
'verdana.ttf'
]
font = random.choice(fonts) # 随机选择一个列表中的字体
return 'utils/captcha/' + font
# 用来随机生成一个字符串(包括英文和数字)
@classmethod
def gene_text(cls, number):
# number是生成验证码的位数
return ''.join(random.sample(cls.SOURCE, number))
# 生成验证码
@classmethod
def gene_graph_captcha(cls):
# 验证码图片的宽和高
width, height = cls.size
# 创建图片
# R：Red（红色）0-255
# G：G（绿色）0-255
# B：B（蓝色）0-255
# A：Alpha（透明度）
image = Image.new('RGBA', (width, height), cls.__gene_random_color(0, 100))
# 验证码的字体
font = ImageFont.truetype(cls.__gene_random_font(), cls.fontsize)
# 创建画笔
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image)
# 生成字符串
text = cls.gene_text(cls.number)
# 获取字体的尺寸
font_width, font_height = font.getsize(text)
# 填充字符串
draw.text(((width - font_width) / 2, (height - font_height) / 2), text, font=font,
fill=cls.__gene_random_color(150, 255))
# 绘制干扰线
for x in range(0, cls.line_number):
cls.__gene_line(draw, width, height)
# 绘制噪点
cls.__gene_points(draw, 10, width, height)
return (text, image)
# 测试文件
# if __name__ == '__main__':
# c = Captcha()
# print(c.gene_graph_captcha())
视图文件apps/front/views.py文件测试图形验证码
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
@File : views.py
@Time : 2020/5/11 9:59
@Author : chen
前台蓝图文件：apps/front/views.py
"""
# 前台的蓝图文件 类视图函数写在这里
from flask import Blueprint, render_template, views, make_response # make_response生成response对象，用于返回前端模板
# 导入图像验证码生成文件
from utils.captcha import Captcha
# 图形验证码image是二进制数据，需要转换成字节流才能使用
from io import BytesIO
front_bp = Blueprint("front", __name__) # 前端不用前缀，直接在首页显示，，front是蓝图，在front_signup.html调用生成图形验证码时候需要用
@front_bp.route("/")
def index():
return "front index：前端的首页"
# 图形验证码路由
@front_bp.route("/captcha/")
def graph_captcha():
try: # 异常处理
# 图像验证码生成文件中返回两个参数 text, image
text, image = Captcha.gene_graph_captcha() # 生成图形验证码，image是二进制数据，需要转换成字节流才能使用
# BytesIO是生成的字节流
out = BytesIO()
image.save(out, 'png') # 把图片image保存在字节流中，并指定为png格式
# 文件流指针
out.seek(0) # 从字节流最初开始读取
# 生成response对象，用于返回前端模板中
resp = make_response(out.read())
resp.content_type = 'image/png' # 指定数据类型
except:
return graph_captcha() # 没有生成验证码就再调用一次
return resp # 返回对象
# 用户注册类视图
class SingupView(views.MethodView):
def get(self):
# 图像验证码生成文件中返回两个参数 text, image
text, image = Captcha.gene_graph_captcha()
# print(text) # 验证码
# print(image) # 图形文件，图形类测试效果如下：
图形验证码渲染到注册页面
修改前台用户注册界面：templates/front/front_signup.html
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>论坛注册title>
<script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.1.1/jquery.min.js">script>
<link href="http://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="{{ url_for('static', filename='front/css/front_signbase.css') }}" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="{{ url_for('static', filename='front/js/front_signup.js' ) }}">script>
head>
<body>
<div class="outer-box">
<div class="logo-box">
<a href="/">
<img src="{{ url_for('static',filename='common/images/logo.png') }}"/>
a>
div>
<h2 class="page-title">BBS论坛注册h2>
<div class="sign-box">
<div class="form-group">
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" name="telephone" class="form-control" placeholder="手机号码">
<span class="input-group-btn">
<button class="btn btn-default">
发送验证码
button>
span>
div>
div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" name="sms_captcha" class="form-control" placeholder="短信验证码">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" name="username" class="form-control" placeholder="用户名">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="password" name="password" class="form-control" placeholder="密码">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="password" name="password2" class="form-control" placeholder="确认密码">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" name="graph_captcha" class="form-control" placeholder="图形验证码">
<span class="input-group-addon captcha-addon">
<img id="captcha-img" class="captcha-img" src="{{ url_for('front.graph_captcha') }}" alt="">
span>
div>
div>
<div class="form-group">
<button class="btn btn-warning btn-block">
立即注册
button>
div>
div>
div>
body>
html>
引入静态资源文件：static/front/js/front_signup.js
var param = {
setParam: function (href,key,value) {
// 重新加载整个页面
var isReplaced = false;
var urlArray = href.split('?'); // 通过？分割url
// 判定图形验证码的url长度，需要控制长度
if(urlArray.length > 1){
var queryArray = urlArray[1].split('&');
for(var i=0; i < queryArray.length; i++){
var paramsArray = queryArray[i].split('=');
if(paramsArray[0] == key){
paramsArray[1] = value;
queryArray[i] = paramsArray.join('=');
isReplaced = true;
break;
}
}
if(!isReplaced){
var params = {};
params[key] = value;
if(urlArray.length > 1){
href = href + '&' + $.param(params);
}else{
href = href + '?' + $.param(params);
}
}else{
var params = queryArray.join('&');
urlArray[1] = params;
href = urlArray.join('?');
}
}else{
var param = {};
param[key] = value;
if(urlArray.length > 1){
href = href + '&' + $.param(param);
}else{
href = href + '?' + $.param(param);
}
}
return href;
}
};
var lgajax = {
'get':function(args) {
args['method'] = 'get';
this.ajax(args);
},
'post':function(args) {
args['method'] = 'post';
this.ajax(args);
},
'ajax':function(args) {
// 设置csrftoken
this._ajaxSetup();
$.ajax(args);
},
'_ajaxSetup': function() {
$.ajaxSetup({
'beforeSend':function(xhr,settings) {
if (!/^(GET|HEAD|OPTIONS|TRACE)$/i.test(settings.type) && !this.crossDomain) {
var csrftoken = $('meta[name=csrf-token]').attr('content');
xhr.setRequestHeader("X-CSRFToken", csrftoken)
}
}
});
}
};
$(function(){
// #captcha-img绑定这个id,在front_signup.html文件中绑定图形验证码的id
$('#captcha-img').click(function (event) {
var self = $(this);
var src = self.attr('src');
// 每次 click之后，srcd地址改变，图形验证码就会刷新
var newsrc = param.setParam(src,'xx',Math.random());
self.attr('src',newsrc);
});
});
// $(function () {
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// })
$(function () {
// 绑定手机发送验证码按钮
$("#sms-captcha-btn").click(function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
var self = $(this);
var telephone = $("input[name='telephone']").val();
if(!(/^1[345879]\d{9}$/.test(telephone))){
lgalert.alertInfo('请输入正确的手机号码！'); // 定义lgalert，需要导入static/comment/sweetalert/lgalert.js
return;
}
var timestamp = (new Date).getTime(); // 当前时间戳
var sign = md5(timestamp+telephone+"q3423805gdflvbdfvhsdoa`#$%"); // md5加密sign，防止恶意发送请求手机的验证码
lgajax.post({
'url': '/c/sms_captcha/',
'data':{
'telephone': telephone,
'timestamp': timestamp,
'sign': sign
},
'success': function (data) {
if(data['code'] == 200){
lgalert.alertSuccessToast('短信验证码发送成功！');
self.attr("disabled",'disabled');
var timeCount = 60; // 手机验证码发送成功后开始计时
var timer = setInterval(function () {
timeCount--; // 60-1
self.text(timeCount);
if(timeCount <= 0){
self.removeAttr('disabled');
clearInterval(timer);
self.text('发送验证码');
}
},1000);
}else{
lgalert.alertInfoToast(data['message']);
}
}
});
});
});
$(function(){
$("#submit-btn").click(function(event){
event.preventDefault();
var telephone_input = $("input[name='telephone']");
var sms_captcha_input = $("input[name='sms_captcha']");
var username_input = $("input[name='username']");
var password1_input = $("input[name='password1']");
var password2_input = $("input[name='password2']");
var graph_captcha_input = $("input[name='graph_captcha']");
var telephone = telephone_input.val();
var sms_captcha = sms_captcha_input.val();
var username = username_input.val();
var password1 = password1_input.val();
var password2 = password2_input.val();
var graph_captcha = graph_captcha_input.val();
lgajax.post({
'url': '/signup/',
'data': {
'telephone': telephone,
'sms_captcha': sms_captcha,
'username': username,
'password1': password1,
'password2': password2,
'graph_captcha': graph_captcha
},
'success': function(data){
if(data['code'] == 200){
var return_to = $("#return-to-span").text();
if(return_to){
window.location = return_to;
}else{
window.location = '/';
}
}else{
lgalert.alertInfo(data['message']);
}
},
'fail': function(){
lgalert.alertNetworkError();
}
});
});
});
渲染效果如下：
4、手机短信验证码
手机短信发送平台：
云片
阿里大于
（都需要充钱）
这个项目使用的是云片，查看云片SDK的github网页：
https://github.com/yunpian/yunpian-python-sdk
导入
pip install yunpian-python-sdk
创建生成手机短信验证码发送文件：utils/send_telephone_msg.py
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
@File : send_telephone_msg.py
@Time : 2020/5/22 16:18
@Author : chen
发送验证码到手机的功能：utils/send_telephone_msg.py
"""
# 发送验证码到手机的功能
from yunpian_python_sdk.model import constant as YC
from yunpian_python_sdk.ypclient import YunpianClient
# 封装成方法
def send_telephone_msg(telephone, code):
# 初始化client,apikey作为所有请求的默认值
# clnt = YunpianClient('70b0eb56669841bbecff6c000c99d7e7') # API key是云片账号中绑定的私有的
clnt = YunpianClient('xxx') # API key是云片账号中绑定的私有的
param = {YC.MOBILE: telephone, YC.TEXT: '【xxx】您的验证码是{}'.format(code)}
r = clnt.sms().single_send(param)
return r.code() # 返回发送状态码
# print(r.code()) # 0 代表发送成功
# print(r.msg()) # 发送成功
# print(r.data()) # {'code': 0, 'msg': '发送成功', 'count': 1, 'fee': 0.05, 'unit': 'RMB', 'mobile': '13316551764', 'sid': 54051316288}
# 获取返回结果, 返回码:r.code(),返回码描述:r.msg(),API结果:r.data(),其他说明:r.detail(),调用异常:r.exception()
# 短信:clnt.sms() 账户:clnt.user() 签名:clnt.sign() 模版:clnt.tpl() 语音:clnt.voice() 流量:clnt.flow()
在共有文件夹中添加生成手机验证码功能文件：视图文件：apps/common/views.py
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
@File : views.py
@Time : 2020/5/11 9:59
@Author : chen
视图文件：apps/common/views.py
"""
# 导入手机验证码生成文件
from utils.send_telephone_msg import send_phone_msg
from utils import restful
from utils.captcha import Captcha
from flask import Blueprint, request
common_bp = Blueprint("common", __name__, url_prefix='/c') # 视图common，url前缀c,在
# 手机验证码生成文件
@common_bp.route("/sms_captcha/", methods=['POST'])
def sms_captcha():
telephone = request.form.get('telephone') # 表单信息收集
if not telephone:
return restful.params_error(message="请填写手机号") # 手机信息不存在，输出错误
captcha = Captcha.gene_text(number=4) # 生成4位验证码,这里生成的是验证码，要发送到手机端的，不能是图形验证码
# captcha = get_random_captcha(num=4): # 或者使用utils/random_captcha.py文件中的随机生成验证码
# 调用send_telephone_msg.py中send_phone_msg方法发送4位验证码到手机中
if send_phone_msg(telephone, captcha) == 0: # 返回成功的状态码为 0
return restful.success()
else:
return restful.params_error("手机验证码发送失败") # 手机验证码发送失败
注册公有蓝图文件到主程序文件：bbs.py
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
@File : bbs.py
@Time : 2020/5/11 9:46
@Author : chen
"""
# 项目主文件，启动入口
# 前台 front 管理前端界面的逻辑
# 后台 cms 管理后端的操作
# 公有的文件 common
from flask import Flask
import config # 配置文件库
from exts import db, mail # 第三方库导入db,mail
from apps.cms.views import cms_bp # 导入后端蓝图文件
from apps.front.views import front_bp # 导入前端蓝图文件
from apps.common.views import common_bp # 导入公有蓝图文件
from flask_wtf import CSRFProtect # CSRF表单保护验证
app = Flask(__name__)
CSRFProtect(app) # CSRF保护app
app.config.from_object(config) # 添加配置
db.init_app(app) # 绑定app
mail.init_app(app) # mail绑定app
app.register_blueprint(cms_bp) # 后端蓝图文件注册
app.register_blueprint(front_bp) # 前端蓝图文件注册
app.register_blueprint(common_bp) # 公有蓝图文件注册
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True, port=9999)
但是还需要考虑到前端界面SCRF的验证问题，需要修改front_signup.html文件
关联前端界面的发送验证码按钮：front_signup.html，并添加CSRF验证
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="csrf-token" content="{{ csrf_token() }}">
<title>论坛注册title>
<script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.1.1/jquery.min.js">script>
<link href="http://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="{{ url_for('static', filename='front/css/front_signbase.css') }}" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="{{ url_for('static', filename='front/js/front_signup.js' ) }}">script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ url_for('static', filename='common/sweetalert/sweetalert.css') }}">
<script src="{{ url_for('static', filename='common/sweetalert/lgalert.js') }}">script>
<script src="{{ url_for('static', filename='common/sweetalert/sweetalert.min.js') }}">script>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/blueimp-md5/2.10.0/js/md5.js">script>
head>
<body>
<div class="outer-box">
<div class="logo-box">
<a href="/">
<img src="{{ url_for('static',filename='common/images/logo.png') }}"/>
a>
div>
<h2 class="page-title">BBS论坛注册h2>
<div class="sign-box">
<div class="form-group">
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" name="telephone" class="form-control" placeholder="手机号码">
<span class="input-group-btn">
<button class="btn btn-default" id="sms-captcha-btn">
发送验证码
button>
span>
div>
div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" name="sms_captcha" class="form-control" placeholder="短信验证码">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" name="username" class="form-control" placeholder="用户名">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="password" name="password" class="form-control" placeholder="密码">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="password" name="password2" class="form-control" placeholder="确认密码">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" name="graph_captcha" class="form-control" placeholder="图形验证码">
<span class="input-group-addon captcha-addon">
<img id="captcha-img" class="captcha-img" src="{{ url_for('front.graph_captcha') }}" alt="">
span>
div>
div>
<div class="form-group">
<button class="btn btn-warning btn-block">
立即注册
button>
div>
div>
div>
body>
html>
5、添加表单验证短信验证码请求
当前的短信请求只需要调用路由，就会被执行，不够安全，需要进行Form表单验证：利用下面的三个表单信息进行验证：
telephone: 13316551764
timestamp: 1590218267779
sign: 3a94b6c107973b94e557d909fcea54cc
表单验证文件：apps/common/forms.py:验证当前页面的请求是否正常
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
@File : forms.py
@Time : 2020/5/11 10:00
@Author : chen
表单验证文件：apps/common/forms.py
"""
# 表单验证手机短信验证码
from wtforms import Form
from wtforms import StringField
from wtforms.validators import InputRequired, Regexp
import hashlib # 哈希md5加密
''' 页面请求Form会有下面三个表单信息，利用他们进行验证当前页面的请求是否正常
telephone: 13316551764
timestamp: 1590218267779
sign: 3a94b6c107973b94e557d909fcea54cc
'''
# 调用front_signup.js中生成的sign进行Form验证当前页面的请求是否正常
class SMSCaptchaForm(Form):
telephone = StringField(validators=[Regexp(r'1[2345789]\d{9}')]) # 正则表达式验证手机号码
timestamp = StringField(validators=[Regexp(r'\d{13}')]) # 正则表达式验证时间戳长度
sign = StringField(validators=[InputRequired]) # 请求中需要有sign
# 验证前端发送过来的sign和后端md5加密之后的sign是否一致
def validate_sign(self, field):
telephone = self.telephone.data
timestamp = self.timestamp.data
sign = self.sign.data
# 服务端自己加密之后生成的sign，都是md5加密,加密的内容是通过front_signup.js中的加密内容相同
# md5加密前需要转码才行.encode('utf-8'); .hexdigest()将加密后内容转换成字符串
sign2 = hashlib.md5((timestamp+telephone+"q3423805gdflvbdfvhsdoa`#$%").encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
print("客户端sign %s" % sign)
print("服务端sign2 %s" % sign2)
# 验证客户端sign和服务端sign2是否相同
if sign == sign2:
return True
else:
return False
修改视图文件：apps/common/views.py
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
@File : views.py
@Time : 2020/5/11 9:59
@Author : chen
视图文件：apps/common/views.py
"""
# 导入手机验证码生成文件
from utils.send_telephone_msg import send_phone_msg
from utils import restful
from utils.captcha import Captcha
from flask import Blueprint, request
# 导入form表单信息验证客户端sign2和服务端sign
from apps.common.forms import SMSCaptchaForm
common_bp = Blueprint("common", __name__, url_prefix='/c') # 视图common，url前缀c,在
# 手机验证码生成文件，这部分是只要调用当前路由请求，就会发送短信验证码，
# 需要利用sign = md5(timestamp+telephone+"q3423805gdflvbdfvhsdoa`#$%")，在front_signup.js文件中调用
# @common_bp.route("/sms_captcha/", methods=['POST'])
# def sms_captcha():
# telephone = request.form.get('telephone') # 表单信息收集
#
# if not telephone:
# return restful.params_error(message="请填写手机号") # 手机信息不存在，输出错误
#
# captcha = Captcha.gene_text(number=4) # 生成4位验证码,这里生成的是验证码，要发送到手机端的，不能是图形验证码
# # captcha = get_random_captcha(num=4): # 或者使用utils/random_captcha.py文件中的随机生成验证码
#
# # 调用send_telephone_msg.py中send_phone_msg方法发送4位验证码到手机中
# if send_phone_msg(telephone, captcha) == 0: # 返回成功的状态码为 0
# return restful.success()
# else:
# return restful.params_error("手机验证码发送失败") # 手机验证码发送失败
# 在front_signup.js文件中调用sign = md5()验证表单信息.
@common_bp.route("/sms_captcha/", methods=['POST'])
def sms_captcha():
form = SMSCaptchaForm(request.form) # 收集form表单信息
if form.validate(): # 表单信息存在
return restful.success()
else:
return restful.params_error(message="参数错误")
还需要使用工具对js代码中的md5加密方式进行加密：
js在线加密网址
将加密后的包含md5加密方法function在front_signup.js文件中进行替换：
修改静态资源文件：static/front/js/front_signup.js
var param = {
setParam: function (href,key,value) {
// 重新加载整个页面
var isReplaced = false;
var urlArray = href.split('?'); // 通过？分割url
// 判定图形验证码的url长度，需要控制长度
if(urlArray.length > 1){
var queryArray = urlArray[1].split('&');
for(var i=0; i < queryArray.length; i++){
var paramsArray = queryArray[i].split('=');
if(paramsArray[0] == key){
paramsArray[1] = value;
queryArray[i] = paramsArray.join('=');
isReplaced = true;
break;
}
}
if(!isReplaced){
var params = {};
params[key] = value;
if(urlArray.length > 1){
href = href + '&' + $.param(params);
}else{
href = href + '?' + $.param(params);
}
}else{
var params = queryArray.join('&');
urlArray[1] = params;
href = urlArray.join('?');
}
}else{
var param = {};
param[key] = value;
if(urlArray.length > 1){
href = href + '&' + $.param(param);
}else{
href = href + '?' + $.param(param);
}
}
return href;
}
};
var lgajax = {
'get':function(args) {
args['method'] = 'get';
this.ajax(args);
},
'post':function(args) {
args['method'] = 'post';
this.ajax(args);
},
'ajax':function(args) {
// 设置csrftoken
this._ajaxSetup();
$.ajax(args);
},
'_ajaxSetup': function() {
$.ajaxSetup({
'beforeSend':function(xhr,settings) {
if (!/^(GET|HEAD|OPTIONS|TRACE)$/i.test(settings.type) && !this.crossDomain) {
var csrftoken = $('meta[name=csrf-token]').attr('content');
xhr.setRequestHeader("X-CSRFToken", csrftoken)
}
}
});
}
};
$(function(){
// #captcha-img绑定这个id,在front_signup.html文件中绑定图形验证码的id
$('#captcha-img').click(function (event) {
var self = $(this);
var src = self.attr('src');
// 每次 click之后，srcd地址改变，图形验证码就会刷新
var newsrc = param.setParam(src,'xx',Math.random());
self.attr('src',newsrc);
});
});
// $(function () {
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// })
// js加密方法，使得md5加密方式不被破解
$(function () {
/*
* 加密工具已经升级了一个版本，目前为 sojson.v5 ，主要加强了算法，以及防破解【绝对不可逆】配置，耶稣也无法100%还原，我说的。;
* 已经打算把这个工具基础功能一直免费下去。还希望支持我。
* 另外 sojson.v5 已经强制加入校验，注释可以去掉，但是 sojson.v5 不能去掉（如果你开通了VIP，可以手动去掉），其他都没有任何绑定。
* 誓死不会加入任何后门，sojson JS 加密的使命就是为了保护你们的Javascript 。
* 警告：如果您恶意去掉 sojson.v5 那么我们将不会保护您的JavaScript代码。请遵守规则
* 新版本: https://www.jsjiami.com/ 支持批量加密，支持大文件加密，拥有更多加密。 */
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});
// $(function () {
// // 绑定手机发送验证码按钮
// $("#sms-captcha-btn").click(function (event) {
// event.preventDefault();
// var self = $(this);
// var telephone = $("input[name='telephone']").val();
// if(!(/^1[345879]\d{9}$/.test(telephone))){
//
// lgalert.alertInfo('请输入正确的手机号码！'); // 定义lgalert，需要导入static/comment/sweetalert/lgalert.js
// return;
// }
// var timestamp = (new Date).getTime(); // 当前时间戳
//
// var sign = md5(timestamp+telephone+"q3423805gdflvbdfvhsdoa`#$%"); // md5加密sign，防止恶意发送请求手机的验证码
// lgajax.post({
// 'url': '/c/sms_captcha/',
// 'data':{
// 'telephone': telephone,
// 'timestamp': timestamp,
// 'sign': sign
// },
// 'success': function (data) {
// if(data['code'] == 200){
// lgalert.alertSuccessToast('短信验证码发送成功！');
// self.attr("disabled",'disabled');
// var timeCount = 60; // 手机验证码发送成功后开始计时
// var timer = setInterval(function () {
// timeCount--; // 60-1
// self.text(timeCount);
// if(timeCount <= 0){
// self.removeAttr('disabled');
// clearInterval(timer);
// self.text('发送验证码');
// }
// },1000);
// }else{
// lgalert.alertInfoToast(data['message']);
// }
// }
// });
// });
// });
$(function(){
$("#submit-btn").click(function(event){
event.preventDefault();
var telephone_input = $("input[name='telephone']");
var sms_captcha_input = $("input[name='sms_captcha']");
var username_input = $("input[name='username']");
var password1_input = $("input[name='password1']");
var password2_input = $("input[name='password2']");
var graph_captcha_input = $("input[name='graph_captcha']");
var telephone = telephone_input.val();
var sms_captcha = sms_captcha_input.val();
var username = username_input.val();
var password1 = password1_input.val();
var password2 = password2_input.val();
var graph_captcha = graph_captcha_input.val();
lgajax.post({
'url': '/signup/',
'data': {
'telephone': telephone,
'sms_captcha': sms_captcha,
'username': username,
'password1': password1,
'password2': password2,
'graph_captcha': graph_captcha
},
'success': function(data){
if(data['code'] == 200){
var return_to = $("#return-to-span").text();
if(return_to){
window.location = return_to;
}else{
window.location = '/';
}
}else{
lgalert.alertInfo(data['message']);
}
},
'fail': function(){
lgalert.alertNetworkError();
}
});
});
});
实现效果如下：
