python3.0/tkinter设计一个计算器
最近在学习python GUI设计，试着做了一个计算器，能够实现加减乘除和求余。
感悟：1. 程序第一步是进行UI框架设计，窗口的大小，功能区的大小和位置设定。最好做个草图，有大概估计。
2. UI设计出来后才是功能模块的添加，需要对基本操作比较熟悉，例如："{:.12g}".format(result)
3.程序运行结果如下，如有疑问可发email [email protected]：
"""
自己设计一个计算器，能够实现加减乘除和求余
"""
# 计算器
from tkinter import *
class Calculator:
def __init__(self):
# 新建一个窗口
self.frame = Tk()
# 指定窗体的标题
self.frame.title("我的计算器")
#指定窗体大小
self.frame.geometry("320x500")
# 窗体不允许变化
self.frame.resizable(0,0)
# # 添加顶部Lable 标签--显示具体表达式
self.var_detail = StringVar()
self.Lable_datail = Label(self.frame, text="25+100=", textvariable=self.var_detail, font=("微软雅黑", 16), bg="lightGreen", fg="DimGray",anchor="se")
self.Lable_datail.place(x=0, y=0, width=320, height=200)
# 添加结果标签 --显示结果
self.var_result = StringVar()
self.Lable_result = Label(self.frame, text="125", textvariable=self.var_result, font=("微软雅黑", 16), bg="SkyBlue",anchor="se")
self.Lable_result.place(x=0, y=200, width= 320, height=50)
# 添加按钮 -ac
self.Button_ac = Button(self.frame, text="AC", font=("微软雅黑",18), fg="Orange", command=self.ac)
self.Button_ac.place(x=0, y=250, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 " <- " 删除
self.Button_del = Button(self.frame, text="<-", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.delete)
self.Button_del.place(x=80, y=250, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 :除法 ÷
self.Button_div = Button(self.frame, text="÷", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.division)
self.Button_div.place(x=160, y=250, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 :乘法 ×
self.Button_mul = Button(self.frame, text="×", font=("微软雅黑", 18),fg="DimGray", command=self.mul)
self.Button_mul.place(x=240, y=250, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 :7
self.Button_seven = Button(self.frame, text="7", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.get_seven)
self.Button_seven.place(x=0, y=300, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 :8
self.Button_eight = Button(self.frame, text="8", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.get_eight)
self.Button_eight.place(x=80, y=300, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 :9
self.Button_nine = Button(self.frame, text="9", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.get_nine)
self.Button_nine.place(x=160, y=300, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 :“- ”
self.Button_minus = Button(self.frame, text="－", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.sub)
self.Button_minus.place(x=240, y=300, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 :4
self.Button_four = Button(self.frame, text="4", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.get_four)
self.Button_four.place(x=0, y=350, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 :5
self.Button_five = Button(self.frame, text="5", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.get_five)
self.Button_five.place(x=80, y=350, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 :6
self.Button_six = Button(self.frame, text="6", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.get_six)
self.Button_six.place(x=160, y=350, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 :“＋ ”
self.Button_plus = Button(self.frame, text="＋", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.add)
self.Button_plus.place(x=240, y=350, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 :1
self.Button_one = Button(self.frame, text="1", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.get_one)
self.Button_one.place(x=0, y=400, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 :2
self.Button_two = Button(self.frame, text="2", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.get_two)
self.Button_two.place(x=80, y=400, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 :3
self.Button_three = Button(self.frame, text="3", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.get_three)
self.Button_three.place(x=160, y=400, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 : 取余 %
self.Button_remainder = Button(self.frame, text="%", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.get_remainder)
self.Button_remainder.place(x=0, y=450, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 : 0
self.Button_zero = Button(self.frame, text="0", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.get_zero)
self.Button_zero.place(x=80, y=450, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 : .
self.Button_point = Button(self.frame, text=".", font=("微软雅黑", 18), fg="DimGray", command=self.get_point)
self.Button_point.place(x=160, y=450, width=80, height=50)
# 添加按钮 : =
self.Button_equal = Button(self.frame, text="=", font=("微软雅黑", 18), bg="Orange", command=self.get_result)
self.Button_equal.place(x=240, y=400, width=80, height=100)
def ac(self):
self.var_result.set("0")
def delete(self):
# 删除最后一个字符
content = self.var_result.get()
self.var_result.set(content[0:len(content)-1])
def add(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
# 为明细赋值
self.var_detail.set(content + " + ")
# result 归0
self.var_result.set("0")
def sub(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
# 为明细赋值
self.var_detail.set(content + " - ")
# result 归0
self.var_result.set("0")
def mul(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
# 为明细赋值
self.var_detail.set(content + " × ")
# result 归0
self.var_result.set("0")
def division(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
# 为明细赋值
self.var_detail.set(content + " ÷ ")
# result 归0
self.var_result.set("0")
def get_remainder(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
# 为明细赋值
self.var_detail.set(content + " % ")
# result 归0
self.var_result.set("0")
def get_result(self):
# 获取detail 明细
detail = self.var_detail.get()
num01 = detail.replace(" ", "")[0:len(detail.replace(" ", ""))-1]
# 操作符取倒数第一个
action = detail.replace(" ", "")[-1]
num02 = self.var_result.get()
# 根据操作符进行操作
if action == "+":
result = float(num01) + float(num02)
# 修改明细
self.var_detail.set("{0} + {1} = ".format(num01, num02))
# 修改result
self.var_result.set("{:.12g}".format(result))
if action =="-":
result = float(num01) - float(num02)
# 修改明细
self.var_detail.set("{0} - {1} = ".format(num01, num02))
# 修改result
self.var_result.set("{:.12g}".format(result))
if action =="×":
result = float(num01) * float(num02)
# 修改明细
self.var_detail.set("{0} × {1} = ".format(num01, num02))
# 修改result
self.var_result.set("{:.12g}".format(result))
if action =="÷":
result = float(num01) / float(num02)
# 修改明细
self.var_detail.set("{0} ÷ {1} = ".format(num01, num02))
# 修改result
self.var_result.set("{:.12g}".format(result))
if action =="%":
result = float(num01) % float(num02)
# 修改明细
self.var_detail.set("{0} % {1} = ".format(num01, num02))
# 修改result
self.var_result.set("{:.12g}".format(result))
def get_one(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
if content == "0":
self.var_result.set("1")
else:
self.var_result.set(content + "1")
def get_two(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
if content == "0":
self.var_result.set("2")
else:
self.var_result.set(content + "2")
def get_three(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
if content == "0":
self.var_result.set("3")
else:
self.var_result.set(content + "3")
def get_four(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
if content == "0":
self.var_result.set("4")
else:
self.var_result.set(content + "4")
def get_five(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
if content == "0":
self.var_result.set("5")
else:
self.var_result.set(content + "5")
def get_six(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
if content == "0":
self.var_result.set("6")
else:
self.var_result.set(content + "6")
def get_seven(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
if content == "0":
self.var_result.set("7")
else:
self.var_result.set(content + "7")
def get_eight(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
if content == "0":
self.var_result.set("8")
else:
self.var_result.set(content + "8")
def get_nine(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
if content == "0":
self.var_result.set("9")
else:
self.var_result.set(content + "9")
def get_zero(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
if content == "0":
self.var_result.set("0")
else:
self.var_result.set(content + "0")
def get_point(self):
content = self.var_result.get()
self.var_result.set(content + ".")
def show(self):
self.frame.mainloop()
if __name__ == "__main__":
my_cal = Calculator()
my_cal.show()