Ubuntun 无声问题解决方案

安装Ubuntu 9.10后，Thinkpad R400 一直没声音。在网上查了很多帖子，仍解决不了。偶然看到老外的帖子，按步就班了一遍，居然解决了。翻译一下，共同分享：

According toWikipedia,
Alsa is a Linux kernel component intended to replace the original Open
Sound System (OSS) for providing device drivers for sound cards. Some
of the goals of the ALSA project at its inception were automatic
configuration of sound-card hardware, and graceful handling of multiple
sound devices in a system, goals which it has largely met.

Installation :

To do this, we must begin by determining our version of alsa as follows :

进行前先确认ALSA的版本：

cat /proc/asound/version
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.20.

To avoid problems during the upgrade of Alsa-utils, we need to stop it with the following command :

为避免升级Alsa-utils升级中出现问题，我们先停止该服务，命令如下：

sudo /etc/init.d/alsa-utils stop
We must then install the necessary tools to compile along with the kernel headers :

sudo apt-get -y install build-essential ncurses-dev gettext xmlto libasound2-dev
sudo apt-get -y install linux-headers-`uname -r` libncursesw5-dev

Then, we go in our personal folder and download alsa-driver, alsa-lib and alsa-utils :

进入HOME文件夹，下载alsa-driver, alsa-lib and alsa-utils：

cd ~
rm -rf ~/alsa* ~/.pulse*
wget ftp://ftp.alsa-project.org/pub/driver/alsa-driver-1.0.22.1.tar.bz2
wget ftp://ftp.alsa-project.org/pub/lib/alsa-lib-1.0.22.tar.bz2
wget ftp://ftp.alsa-project.org/pub/utils/alsa-utils-1.0.22.tar.bz2

After that, we create a new folder for the compilation and
installation of the 3 files. Then, we move the 3 tar files that we just
downloaded in this folder :

之后，新建一个文件夹来编译安装这3个文件。然后，将下载至文件夹中的3个tar文件：

sudo rm -rf /usr/src/alsa
sudo mkdir -p /usr/src/alsa
cd /usr/src/alsa
sudo cp ~/alsa* .

Unpack the 3 tar files :

解压缩：

sudo tar xjf alsa-driver*
sudo tar xjf alsa-lib*
sudo tar xjf alsa-utils*

We compile and install alsa-driver :

编译安装alsa-driver：

cd alsa-driver*
sudo ./configure
sudo make
sudo make install

We compile and install alsa-lib :

编译安装alsa-lib：

cd ../alsa-lib*
sudo ./configure
sudo make
sudo make install

We compile and install alsa-utils :

编译安装alsa-utils：

cd ../alsa-utils*
sudo ./configure
sudo make
sudo make install

If like me, you got this error during the last “sudo ./configure” :

在上述“sudo ./configure” 编译过程中，如像我一样遇到以下错误：

checking form.h presence... yes
checking for form.h... yes
checking for new_panel in -lpanelw... no
configure: error: panelw library not found

You will need to add those symbolics links (only if you got the error) and restart the installation from the last “sudo ./configure” :
你需要先建立以下链接，再重新执行以上sudo ./configure编译步骤：

sudo ln -s libpanelw.so.5 /usr/lib/libpanelw.so
sudo ln -s libformw.so.5 /usr/lib/libformw.so
sudo ln -s libmenuw.so.5 /usr/lib/libmenuw.so
sudo ln -s libncursesw.so.5 /lib/libncursesw.so

Then, we remove the 3 tar files in our personal folder that are not anymore necessary :

完成后从个人文件夹中删除用过的3个tar文件:

rm -f ~/alsa-driver*
rm -f ~/alsa-lib*
rm -f ~/alsa-utils*

Then, just restart your computer and your alsa version should be 1.0.22.1!

You can verify that you have now indeed have this version of alsa :

最后，重启电脑，并通过以下命令确认alsa的版本：

cat /proc/asound/version
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.22.1.
Compiled on Dec 29 2009 for kernel 2.6.31-16-generic (SMP).

Just to be sure everything is well configured, execute this command :

为确认配置无误，执行以下命令进行ALSA配置。

sudo alsaconf

and reboot again!

重启。