CentOS7安装Percona Server for MySQL 5.7

简介

由于公司产品要支持MySQL，之前试过MySQL5.7社区版和MySQL Cluster 7.6在性能上都不理想，只好再试试Perona Server。以下记录一下安装的过程。

CentOS7 安装和配置

1. 使用deadline
2. 使用xfs文件系统
3. 修改vm.swappiness参数，降低swap使用率
4. 调整vm.dirty_background_ratly、vm.dirty_ratil内核参数
5. 调整net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle、net.ipv4.tcp+tw_reuse设置为1

安装Percona Server

1. 删除旧数据库

rpm -qa | grep mysql
rpm -qa | grep mariad

rpm -e mysql 
rpm -e --nodeps mysql 
yum remove mariadb-libs-5.5.41-2.el7_0.x86_64

2. 安装其他依赖包

yum -y install perl-Module-Install.noarch
yum -y install libaio libaio-devel

3. 通过yum安装

# 配置yum安装源
yum install https://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-release/redhat/1.0-13/percona-release-1.0-13.noarch.rpm

# 安装percona
yum install Percona-Server-server-57

4. 通过rpm安装
   若yum在线安装不了，可以通过rpm离线安装

# 下载Percona Server
wget https://www.percona.com/downloads/Percona-Server-5.7/Percona-Server-5.7.27-30/binary/redhat/7/x86_64/Percona-Server-5.7.27-30-r8916819-el7-x86_64-bundle.tar

# 解压Percona Server # 建议解压到/usr/local/mysql
tar xvf Percona-Server-5.7.27-30-r8916819-el7-x86_64-bundle.tar

# 安装Percona Server
rpm -ivh Percona-Server-shared-compat-57-5.7.27-30.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh Percona-Server-shared-57-5.7.27-30.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh Percona-Server-client-57-5.7.27-30.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh Percona-Server-server-57-5.7.27-30.1.el7.x86_64.rpm

5. 配置

# 配置用户组
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql 

#初始化mysql
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --/var/lib/mysql

# my.cnf配置  # 默认路径/etc/percona-server.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
# Percona Server template configuration

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8mb4
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

#GENERAL
default-storage-engine=INNODB
#INNODB
innodb_buffer_pool_size=16G
innodb_file_per_table=1
#innodb_data_file_path= ibdata1:256M:autoextend
innodb_log_file_size=256M
innodb_log_files_in_group=2
#innodb_open_fiels=2048
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
#OTHER
skip-name-resolve
back_log = 600
max_connections = 100
max_connect_errors = 600
open_files_limit = 65535
table_open_cache = 128
max_allowed_packet = 16M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
tmp_table_size = 2G
max_heap_table_size = 2G
join_buffer_size=8M
sort_buffer_size=8M
read_buffer_size=8M
read_rnd_buffer_size=8M
secure_file_priv=
thread_cache_size = 64
query_cache_type=0
query_cache_size=0
key_buffer_size=512M
table_definition_cache=512
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true


[mysql]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8mb4

# 修改目录权限 
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql

# 启动Percona Server
service mysqld start

6. 登录

cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep "temporary password" ## 找到root的初始密码。

mysql -u root -p 

# 修改密码
set password = password('1234');

#配置权限 (第3方工具可以连接）
grant all privileges on . to root@’%’ identified by ‘1234’ with grant option;
flush privileges;

9. 总结

安装mysql的数据库必要步骤有：
安装依赖包
安装mysql数据库
初始化服务（mysqld --initialize）
修改配置文件，配置datadir目录权限和用户
启动服务，链接数据库