Java版推箱子（搬箱子）游戏开发入门示例及源码

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也欢迎大家转载本篇文章。分享知识，造福人民，实现我们中华民族伟大复兴！

               

 

推（搬）箱子，又名Sokoban，仓库番等，是一款堪称古玩级的电脑游戏。

提起它，笔者相信没什么人会感觉到陌生，更没什么生物会连听都没听说过。它的发展历史之久远，甚至超越了俄罗斯方块（1988年电脑游戏化）。

这款游戏最初起源于日本，是个很难争辩的事实（我知道有人反对，但笔者确实找不到什么有力的反对证据）。他由日本人（哎……）今川宏行在1981年创立游戏规则，并于1982年经日本软件公司Thinking Rabbit正式发布。比较遗憾的是，早期的推箱子并没有PC版，笔者在网络上搜索到的老版游戏也大多为90年以前的Mac OS下程式。

但说起真正令推箱子风靡于PC机的，却该感谢我们的台湾同胞李果兆先生。是他在1994年开发的仓库世家，才真正令推箱子游戏在世界各地大受推崇；仔细说来，推箱子这款小游戏之所以能有今时今日的声望与地位，固然有今川宏行的开创之功，但若说到贡献最大，承前启后的，则非中国台湾的李果兆先生莫属。

推箱子游戏的规则非常简单，就是用尽量少的推动或移动把所有箱子都推到目标点上。箱子只能推动而不能拉动；一次只能推动一个箱子。然而，尽管它的规则是很简单的，但对于不同难度的关卡，所需要的脑力却是截然不同的，有些关卡可能会花费您几个小时、几天甚至几个月的时间，也正是这种简单性和复杂性的结合，最终令推箱子类游戏风靡全球！

本回笔者在Blog中提供的，就是一款Java版推箱子游戏的简单实现。

笔者设定[上、下、左、右]为方向控制 ，[S]键为后退到上一步操作，[ESC]为重新开始当前关卡，点击键盘上对应关卡的数字键可以直接选关，需要注意的是笔者以HP限制了角色的移动次数，HP归0则挑战失败。

目前版本仅提供有5关，有需要者可参考同类游戏自行扩充，游戏源码在jar内。

 

下载地址1（由于google code维护，需要等此文发表的隔天才能开放下载）：http://code.google.com/p/loon-simple/downloads/list

 

下载地址2：http://download.csdn.net/source/1397545

游戏截图：

 

 

 

 

核心代码：

Sokoban.java

 

package org.loon.game.simple.sokoban.control;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import org.loon.game.simple.sokoban.GraphicsUtils;
import org.loon.game.simple.sokoban.LSystem;
import org.loon.game.simple.sokoban.SimpleControl;
/**
 * Copyright 2008 - 2009
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
 * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
 * the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
 * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
 * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
 * the License.
 *
 * @project loonframework
 * @author chenpeng
 * @email ceponline@yahoo.com.cn
 * @version 0.1
 */
public class Sokoban extends SimpleControl {
    /**
     *
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private Image backImage = GraphicsUtils.loadImage("image/back1.jpg");
    private Image screenImage;
    // 墙壁图
    private Image floorImage[];
    // 角色精灵
    private RpgSprite sprite;
    // 窗体显示图
    private Graphics screen;
    private String message = "按下 [Enter] 开始进行游戏";
    private String m_stageName[] = { "关卡1", "关卡2", "关卡3", "关卡4", "关卡5", "关卡6",
            "关卡7" };
    private int CS = 32;
    private int maxX, maxY, comps;
    private int stageNo;
    private boolean complete[];
    private boolean boxMove[][];
    private int hp[];
    private int stageStates[][][];
    private int ons[][];
    private int role[];
    private int rolex[];
    private int roley[];
    private int mapx[];
    private int mapy[];
    private int sleep = 0;
    private boolean succeed = false;
    private Stage stage;
    public Sokoban(Stage stage) {
        this.stage = stage;
        this.floorImage = new Image[4];
        this.sprite = new RpgSprite("image/role1.gif");
        this.maxX = 16;
        this.maxY = 13;
        this.comps = 0;
        this.complete = new boolean[stage.getMaxStageNo()];
        this.boxMove = new boolean[stage.getMaxStageNo()][1500];
        this.ons = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()][1500];
        this.hp = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()];
        this.stageStates = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()][maxY][maxX];
        this.role = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()];
        this.rolex = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()];
        this.roley = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()];
        this.mapx = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()];
        this.mapy = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()];
        for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
            floorImage[j] = GraphicsUtils.loadImage("image/back" + (j + 1)
                    + ".gif");
        }
        this.screenImage = GraphicsUtils.createImage(CS * maxX + CS, CS
                * (maxY + 1) + 32, true);
        this.screen = screenImage.getGraphics();
        for (stageNo = 0; stageNo < stage.getMaxStageNo(); stageNo++) {
            this.setupStage();
        }
        this.stageNo = -1;
        // 开场界面
        this.openDraw();
    }
    /**
     * 刷新关卡
     *
     */
    public synchronized void reset(int stageNo) {
        this.stageNo = stageNo;
        this.stage.getMode()[stageNo] = 1;
        this.message = null;
        // 设定关卡
        this.setupStage();
        // 重绘背景
        this.background();
        // 重绘游戏屏幕
        this.drawScreen();
    }
    /**
     * 绘制屏幕背景
     *
     */
    public synchronized void background() {
        screen.drawImage(backImage, 0, 0, null);
        screen.setColor(Color.black);
        screen.fillRect(0, LSystem.HEIGHT - 40, LSystem.WIDTH, 40);
    }
    /**
     * 绘制屏幕图像
     *
     */
    public synchronized void drawScreen() {
        if (stageNo >= stage.getMaxStageNo()) {
            stageNo = 0;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < mapy[stageNo]; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < mapx[stageNo];) {
                switch (stageStates[stageNo][i][j]) {
                case 2:
                case 3:
                case 4:
                case 5:
                    screen.drawImage(floorImage[1], moveX(j), moveY(i), null);
                default:
                    j++;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        for (int n = 0; n < mapy[stageNo]; n++) {
            for (int l = 0; l < mapx[stageNo]; l++)
                switch (stageStates[stageNo][n][l]) {
                case 1:
                    screen.drawImage(floorImage[0], moveX(l), moveY(n), null);
                    screen.setColor(new Color(32, 0, 0));
                    screen.drawLine(moveX(l), moveY(n + 1), moveX(l) + CS - 1,
                            moveY(n + 1));
                    if (l == 0 || l > 0 && stageStates[stageNo][n][l - 1] != 1) {
                        screen.setColor(new Color(160, 128, 96));
                        screen.drawLine(moveX(l), moveY(n) + 1, moveX(l),
                                moveY(n) + CS - 2);
                    }
                    if (l == mapx[stageNo] - 1 || l < mapx[stageNo] - 1
                            && stageStates[stageNo][n][l + 1] != 1) {
                        screen.setColor(new Color(72, 64, 64));
                        screen.drawLine(moveX(l) + CS - 1, moveY(n), moveX(l)
                                + CS - 1, moveY(n) + CS - 2);
                    }
                    break;
                case 2:
                case 3:
                case 4:
                    switch (stageStates[stageNo][n][l]) {
                    default:
                        break;
                    case 2:
                    case 3:
                        screen.drawImage(floorImage[3], moveX(l), moveY(n),
                                null);
                        break;
                    case 4:
                        break;
                    }
                    if (stageStates[stageNo][n][l] != 3)
                        screen.drawImage(floorImage[2], moveX(l), moveY(n),
                                null);
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
                }
        }
        // System.out.println(role[stageNo]);
        screen.drawImage(sprite.getOnlyMove(role[stageNo]),
                moveX(rolex[stageNo]), moveY(roley[stageNo]), null);
        if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo]] == 4) {
            screen.drawImage(floorImage[2], moveX(rolex[stageNo]),
                    moveY(roley[stageNo]), null);
        }
        setupDisplay();
    }
    /**
     * 定位到实际的X座标
     *
     * @param i
     * @return
     */
    public int moveX(int i) {
        return (CS * ((maxX - mapx[stageNo]) + 1)) / 2 + CS * i;
    }
    /**
     * 定位到实际的Y座标
     *
     * @param i
     * @return
     */
    public int moveY(int i) {
        return (CS * ((maxY - mapy[stageNo]) + 1)) / 2 + CS * i;
    }
    /**
     * 执行操作
     *
     */
    public synchronized void execute() {
        boolean flag = true;
        for (int i = 0; i < mapy[stageNo]; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < mapx[stageNo]; j++) {
                if (stageStates[stageNo][i][j] == 4) {
                    flag = false;
                }
            }
        }
        if (flag) {
            stage.getMode()[stageNo] = 3;
            complete[stageNo] = true;
        } else if (hp[stageNo] == 0) {
            stage.getMode()[stageNo] = 2;
        }
        comps = 0;
        for (int n = 0; n < stage.getMaxStageNo(); n++) {
            if (complete[n]) {
                comps++;
            }
        }
    }
    /**
     * 键盘事件处理
     */
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        if (e.getKeyCode() == 10 && stageNo == -1) {
            // 开始关卡1
            reset(0);
        } else if (stageNo < 0) {
            return;
        }
        // 选关（默认为最大支持7关，更多请自行设定）
        if (e.getKeyCode() == 97 || e.getKeyCode() == 49) {
            stageNo = 0;
        } else if (e.getKeyCode() == 98 || e.getKeyCode() == 50) {
            stageNo = 1;
        } else if (e.getKeyCode() == 99 || e.getKeyCode() == 51) {
            stageNo = 2;
        } else if (e.getKeyCode() == 100 || e.getKeyCode() == 52) {
            stageNo = 3;
        } else if (e.getKeyCode() == 101 || e.getKeyCode() == 53) {
            stageNo = 4;
        } else if (e.getKeyCode() == 102 || e.getKeyCode() == 54) {
            stageNo = 5;
        } else if (e.getKeyCode() == 103 || e.getKeyCode() == 55) {
            stageNo = 6;
            // ESC,重新开始
        } else if (e.getKeyCode() == 27) {
            reset(stageNo);
        } else if (stage.getMode()[stageNo] == 1) {
            // 退步
            if (e.getKeyCode() == 83) {
                nextStep(-1);
            }
            // 移动角色
            else if (e.getKeyCode() == 40) {
                nextStep(0);
            } else if (e.getKeyCode() == 37) {
                nextStep(1);
            } else if (e.getKeyCode() == 39) {
                nextStep(2);
            } else if (e.getKeyCode() == 38) {
                nextStep(3);
            } else {
                return;
            }
        } else {
            return;
        }
        // 绘制背景
        background();
        // 绘制游戏画面
        drawScreen();
    }
    /**
     * 切换动作
     *
     * @param i
     */
    public synchronized void nextStep(final int i) {
        boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo] - 1] = false;
        switch (i) {
        case 0:
            if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] + 1][rolex[stageNo]] < 2) {
                return;
            }
            if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] + 1][rolex[stageNo]] < 4) {
                if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] + 2][rolex[stageNo]] < 4) {
                    return;
                }
                stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] + 1][rolex[stageNo]] += 2;
                stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] + 2][rolex[stageNo]] -= 2;
                boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo] - 1] = true;
            }
            roley[stageNo]++;
            break;
        case 1:
            if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] - 1] < 2) {
                return;
            }
            if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] - 1] < 4) {
                if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] - 2] < 4) {
                    return;
                }
                stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] - 1] += 2;
                stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] - 2] -= 2;
                boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo] - 1] = true;
            }
            rolex[stageNo]--;
            break;
        case 2:
            if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] + 1] < 2) {
                return;
            }
            if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] + 1] < 4) {
                if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] + 2] < 4) {
                    return;
                }
                stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] + 1] += 2;
                stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] + 2] -= 2;
                boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo] - 1] = true;
            }
            rolex[stageNo]++;
            break;
        case 3:
            if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] - 1][rolex[stageNo]] < 2) {
                return;
            }
            if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] - 1][rolex[stageNo]] < 4) {
                if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] - 2][rolex[stageNo]] < 4) {
                    return;
                }
                stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] - 1][rolex[stageNo]] += 2;
                stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] - 2][rolex[stageNo]] -= 2;
                boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo] - 1] = true;
            }
            roley[stageNo]--;
            break;
        default:
            if (hp[stageNo] == stage.getMaxHp()[stageNo]) {
                return;
            }
            switch (ons[stageNo][hp[stageNo]]) {
            case 0:
                if (boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo]]) {
                    stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] + 1][rolex[stageNo]] += 2;
                    stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo]] -= 2;
                }
                roley[stageNo]--;
                break;
            case 1:
                if (boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo]]) {
                    stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] - 1] += 2;
                    stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo]] -= 2;
                }
                rolex[stageNo]++;
                break;
            case 2:
                if (boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo]]) {
                    stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] + 1] += 2;
                    stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo]] -= 2;
                }
                rolex[stageNo]--;
                break;
            default:
                if (boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo]]) {
                    stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] - 1][rolex[stageNo]] += 2;
                    stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo]] -= 2;
                }
                roley[stageNo]++;
                break;
            }
            break;
        }
        if (i != -1) {
            hp[stageNo]--;
            ons[stageNo][hp[stageNo]] = i;
        }
        role[stageNo] = ons[stageNo][hp[stageNo]];
        if (i == -1) {
            hp[stageNo]++;
        }
        execute();
    }
    /**
     * 开场画面
     *
     */
    public synchronized void openDraw() {
        background();
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < maxX + 1; j++) {
                screen.drawImage(floorImage[0], CS * j,
                        (CS * i + CS / 2 * maxY) - CS * 2, null);
            }
        }
        GraphicsUtils.setAntialias(screen, true);
        String mes = "怪蜀黍传说 - 勇者推魔王";
        screen.setFont(new Font("华文新魏", 1, 35));
        GraphicsUtils.drawStyleString(screen, mes, (CS * maxX - screen
                .getFontMetrics().stringWidth(mes)) / 2 + 13,
                (CS * maxY) / 2 + 25, Color.black, Color.orange);
        mes = "Java版搬箱子游戏开发入门示例 - 0.1.0";
        screen.setFont(new Font("华文新魏", 0, 30));
        GraphicsUtils.drawStyleString(screen, mes, (CS * maxX - screen
                .getFontMetrics().stringWidth(mes)) / 2 + 13,
                (CS * (maxY + 2)) / 2 - 55, Color.black, Color.white);
        GraphicsUtils.setAntialias(screen, false);
        setupDisplay();
    }
    /**
     * 绘图接口实现
     */
    public synchronized void draw(Graphics g) {
        g.drawImage(screenImage, 0, 0, null);
        if (succeed) {
            if (sleep == 100) {
                // 进入下一关
                reset(++stageNo);
                succeed = false;
                sleep = 0;
            }
            sleep++;
        }
    }
    /**
     * 设置基本数据
     *
     */
    public void setupStage() {
        for (int i = 0; i < maxY; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < maxX; j++) {
                stageStates[stageNo][i][j] = 0;
            }
        }
        mapx[stageNo] = stage.getConf()[stageNo][0];
        mapy[stageNo] = stage.getConf()[stageNo][1];
        rolex[stageNo] = stage.getConf()[stageNo][2];
        roley[stageNo] = stage.getConf()[stageNo][3];
        for (int n = 0; n < mapy[stageNo]; n++) {
            for (int l = 0; l < mapx[stageNo]; l++) {
                stageStates[stageNo][n][l] = stage.getMapData()[stageNo][n][l];
            }
        }
        hp[stageNo] = stage.getMaxHp()[stageNo];
        role[stageNo] = 0;
        for (int i1 = 0; i1 < stage.getMaxHp()[stageNo]; i1++) {
            ons[stageNo][i1] = 0;
        }
        for (int j1 = 0; j1 < stage.getMaxHp()[stageNo]; j1++) {
            boxMove[stageNo][j1] = false;
        }
    }
    /**
     * 设置显示
     *
     */
    public void setupDisplay() {
        if (message == null) {
            screen.setFont(new Font(LSystem.FONT, 0, 12));
            int size = 0;
            for (int j = 0; j < stage.getMaxStageNo(); j++) {
                if (complete[j]) {
                    screen.setColor(Color.gray);
                } else {
                    screen.setColor(Color.white);
                }
                if (j == stageNo) {
                    if (complete[j]) {
                        screen.setColor(Color.magenta);
                    } else {
                        screen.setColor(Color.cyan);
                    }
                }
                screen.drawString(m_stageName[j], size = (10 + (screen
                        .getFontMetrics().stringWidth("关卡0") + 20)
                        * j), LSystem.HEIGHT - 50);
            }
            screen.setColor(Color.white);
            if (stageNo == -1) {
                // 初始画面，无数据
            } else {
                // 显示状态
                if (hp[stageNo] == 0) {
                    screen.setColor(Color.red);
                } else if (hp[stageNo] <= stage.getMaxHp()[stageNo] / 4) {
                    screen.setColor(Color.orange);
                } else