Android局部模糊处理

要实现模糊或者毛玻璃效果,使用PS自然最方便(模糊的区域就较为固定);
也可在代码里进行动态处理。
因为要模糊的区域并不固定,所以只能琢磨一下后者;
经过一番搜寻研究,得到两种切实可行的方法。
一,使用FastBlur;
二,使用RenderScript。
效果如下:
Android局部模糊处理_第1张图片

算法

  1. FastBlur
/**
     * 高斯模糊
     * 
     * @param srcBitmap
     *            源位图
     * @param radius
     *            模糊半径
     * @return bitmap
     */
    public static Bitmap blurByGauss(Bitmap srcBitmap, int radius) {

        Bitmap bitmap = srcBitmap.copy(srcBitmap.getConfig(), true);

        if (radius < 1) {
            return (null);
        }

        int w = bitmap.getWidth();
        int h = bitmap.getHeight();

        int[] pix = new int[w * h];
        bitmap.getPixels(pix, 0, w, 0, 0, w, h);

        int wm = w - 1;
        int hm = h - 1;
        int wh = w * h;
        int div = radius + radius + 1;

        int r[] = new int[wh];
        int g[] = new int[wh];
        int b[] = new int[wh];
        int rsum, gsum, bsum, x, y, i, p, yp, yi, yw;
        int vmin[] = new int[Math.max(w, h)];

        int divsum = (div + 1) >> 1;
        divsum *= divsum;
        int temp = 256 * divsum;
        int dv[] = new int[temp];
        for (i = 0; i < temp; i++) {
            dv[i] = (i / divsum);
        }

        yw = yi = 0;

        int[][] stack = new int[div][3];
        int stackpointer;
        int stackstart;
        int[] sir;
        int rbs;
        int r1 = radius + 1;
        int routsum, goutsum, boutsum;
        int rinsum, ginsum, binsum;

        for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
            rinsum = ginsum = binsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = 0;
            for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
                p = pix[yi + Math.min(wm, Math.max(i, 0))];
                sir = stack[i + radius];
                sir[0] = (p & 0xff0000) >> 16;
                sir[1] = (p & 0x00ff00) >> 8;
                sir[2] = (p & 0x0000ff);
                rbs = r1 - Math.abs(i);
                rsum += sir[0] * rbs;
                gsum += sir[1] * rbs;
                bsum += sir[2] * rbs;
                if (i > 0) {
                    rinsum += sir[0];
                    ginsum += sir[1];
                    binsum += sir[2];
                } else {
                    routsum += sir[0];
                    goutsum += sir[1];
                    boutsum += sir[2];
                }
            }
            stackpointer = radius;

            for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {

                r[yi] = dv[rsum];
                g[yi] = dv[gsum];
                b[yi] = dv[bsum];

                rsum -= routsum;
                gsum -= goutsum;
                bsum -= boutsum;

                stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
                sir = stack[stackstart % div];

                routsum -= sir[0];
                goutsum -= sir[1];
                boutsum -= sir[2];

                if (y == 0) {
                    vmin[x] = Math.min(x + radius + 1, wm);
                }
                p = pix[yw + vmin[x]];

                sir[0] = (p & 0xff0000) >> 16;
                sir[1] = (p & 0x00ff00) >> 8;
                sir[2] = (p & 0x0000ff);

                rinsum += sir[0];
                ginsum += sir[1];
                binsum += sir[2];

                rsum += rinsum;
                gsum += ginsum;
                bsum += binsum;

                stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
                sir = stack[(stackpointer) % div];

                routsum += sir[0];
                goutsum += sir[1];
                boutsum += sir[2];

                rinsum -= sir[0];
                ginsum -= sir[1];
                binsum -= sir[2];

                yi++;
            }
            yw += w;
        }
        for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {
            rinsum = ginsum = binsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = 0;
            yp = -radius * w;
            for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
                yi = Math.max(0, yp) + x;

                sir = stack[i + radius];

                sir[0] = r[yi];
                sir[1] = g[yi];
                sir[2] = b[yi];

                rbs = r1 - Math.abs(i);

                rsum += r[yi] * rbs;
                gsum += g[yi] * rbs;
                bsum += b[yi] * rbs;

                if (i > 0) {
                    rinsum += sir[0];
                    ginsum += sir[1];
                    binsum += sir[2];
                } else {
                    routsum += sir[0];
                    goutsum += sir[1];
                    boutsum += sir[2];
                }

                if (i < hm) {
                    yp += w;
                }
            }
            yi = x;
            stackpointer = radius;
            for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
                pix[yi] = (0xff000000 & pix[yi]) | (dv[rsum] << 16) | (dv[gsum] << 8) | dv[bsum];

                rsum -= routsum;
                gsum -= goutsum;
                bsum -= boutsum;

                stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
                sir = stack[stackstart % div];

                routsum -= sir[0];
                goutsum -= sir[1];
                boutsum -= sir[2];

                if (x == 0) {
                    vmin[y] = Math.min(y + r1, hm) * w;
                }
                p = x + vmin[y];

                sir[0] = r[p];
                sir[1] = g[p];
                sir[2] = b[p];

                rinsum += sir[0];
                ginsum += sir[1];
                binsum += sir[2];

                rsum += rinsum;
                gsum += ginsum;
                bsum += binsum;

                stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
                sir = stack[stackpointer];

                routsum += sir[0];
                goutsum += sir[1];
                boutsum += sir[2];

                rinsum -= sir[0];
                ginsum -= sir[1];
                binsum -= sir[2];

                yi += w;
            }
        }

        bitmap.setPixels(pix, 0, w, 0, 0, w, h);
        return bitmap;
    }

这种算法是直接对像素进行处理,使用java写会慢一些,懂jni的话可以用C/C++写下,效率高一些。
2. RenderScript

/**
     * RenderScript模糊
     * 
     * @param context
     *            上下文
     * @param bitmap
     *            源位图
     * @param radius
     *            模糊半径
     * @return bitmap
     */
    @SuppressLint("NewApi")
    public static Bitmap blurBitmapByRender(Context context, Bitmap bitmap, float radius) {
        Bitmap outBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight(), Config.ARGB_8888);
        RenderScript rs = RenderScript.create(context);
        ScriptIntrinsicBlur blurScript = ScriptIntrinsicBlur.create(rs, Element.U8_4(rs));
        Allocation allIn = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, bitmap);
        Allocation allOut = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, outBitmap);
        blurScript.setRadius(radius);
        blurScript.setInput(allIn);
        blurScript.forEach(allOut);
        allOut.copyTo(outBitmap);

        bitmap.recycle();
        rs.destroy();

        return outBitmap;
    }

实现

整个例子就两个步骤:
一,为整体布局LayoutA设置背景图A;
二,为局部布局LayoutB设置经过模糊处理的背景图B。

需要注意的是,背景图B是从背景图A中截取出来的,并且经过模糊处理。

细分下来有以下几个步骤:
1.搭建整体布局,在xml中设置整体布局的背景图;
布局如下:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/rl_bg_layout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@drawable/bg"
    tools:context="${relativePackage}.${activityClass}" >

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/ll_blur_layout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="150dp"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:orientation="horizontal" >
    LinearLayout>

RelativeLayout>

2.实例化布局控件,获取整体布局的显示内容;
要点一:这里要用到ViewTreeObserver, 是因为在onCreate方法中直接获取某控件的属性内容是得不到正确结果的(尚未完成绘制),所以采用ViewTreeObserver来进行监听;
要点二:获取一个控件的显示内容要用到getDrawingCache(),使用BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.bg)得到是原图,并不是控件中显示的内容,控件中显示的内容是已经经过缩放适配了的;
代码如下:

public class BlurActivity extends Activity {

    /**
     * 整体布局
     */
    private RelativeLayout rlBgLayout;
    /**
     * 局部布局
     */
    private LinearLayout llBlurLayout;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_blur);
        initView();
    }

    protected void initView() {
        rlBgLayout = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.rl_bg_layout);
        llBlurLayout = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.ll_blur_layout);
        setBlur();
    }

    protected void setBlur() {
        ViewTreeObserver vto = rlBgLayout.getViewTreeObserver();
        vto.addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new OnGlobalLayoutListener() {

            @Override
            public void onGlobalLayout() {
                // 保证只调用一次
                rlBgLayout.getViewTreeObserver().removeOnGlobalLayoutListener(this);
                // 组件生成cache(组件显示内容)
                rlBgLayout.buildDrawingCache();
                // 得到组件显示内容
                Bitmap bitmap = rlBgLayout.getDrawingCache();
                // 局部模糊处理
                BitmapUtils.blur(getApplicationContext(), bitmap, llBlurLayout, 5);
            }
        });
    }
}

3.根据整体布局与局部布局的大小获取要进行模糊处理的内容;
要点一:结合Bitmap.createBitmapCanvas来获取正确的坐标和大小;
要点二:这里只需要知道局部布局的位置与大小即可,整体布局的背景图作为bitmap,局部布局作为view,可得到局部布局所在坐标为:(x,y)=(view.getLeft(),view.getLeft()),其大小为(w,h)=(view.getMeasuredWidth(),view.getMeasuredHeight())。再根据Canvas的位移函数translate与绘图函数drawBitmap即可从整体布局的背景图中截取到被局部布局覆盖的位图;

/**
     * 得到待处理的位图
     * 
     * @param bitmap
     *            模糊位图
     * @param view
     *            模糊区域
     * @return bitmap
     */
    public static Bitmap getDstArea(Bitmap bitmap, View view) {
        Bitmap dstArea = Bitmap.createBitmap((int) (view.getMeasuredWidth()), (int) (view.getMeasuredHeight()),
                Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(dstArea);
        canvas.translate(-view.getLeft(), -view.getTop());
        canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, null);
        return dstArea;
    }

4.进行模糊处理,为局部布局设置背景图;
要点一:有两种方法,即上文说的两种算法,一种直接高斯计算像素FastBlur,一种利用RenderScript;
要点二:FastBlur相对慢一些,不过兼容性较好,支持所有版本;RenderScript则只支持17以上的SDK;
要点三:为了减少处理时间、提高处理效率,可以先将位图进行一定的压缩,然后再作模糊处理;

    /**
     * 高斯局部模糊
     * 
     * @param context
     *            上下文
     * @param bitmap
     *            模糊位图
     * @param view
     *            模糊区域
     * @param radius
     *            模糊半径
     */
    public static void blurByGauss(Context context, Bitmap bitmap, View view, float radius) {
        // 得到要处理的区域
        Bitmap dstArea = getDstArea(bitmap, view);

        // 作模糊处理
        dstArea = blurByGauss(zoomImage(dstArea, 0.8f), (int) radius);

        // 设置背景
        view.setBackground(new BitmapDrawable(context.getResources(), dstArea));

        bitmap.recycle();
    }

    /**
     * RenderScript局部模糊
     * 
     * @param context
     *            上下文
     * @param bitmap
     *            模糊位图
     * @param view
     *            模糊区域
     * @param radius
     *            模糊半径
     */
    @SuppressLint("NewApi")
    public static void blurByRender(Context context, Bitmap bitmap, View view, float radius) {
        // 得到要处理的区域
        Bitmap dstArea = getDstArea(bitmap, view);
        dstArea = zoomImage(dstArea, 0.8f);

        // 作模糊处理
        RenderScript rs = RenderScript.create(context);
        Allocation overlayAlloc = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, dstArea);
        ScriptIntrinsicBlur blur = ScriptIntrinsicBlur.create(rs, overlayAlloc.getElement());
        blur.setInput(overlayAlloc);
        blur.setRadius(radius);
        blur.forEach(overlayAlloc);
        overlayAlloc.copyTo(dstArea);

        // 设置背景
        view.setBackground(new BitmapDrawable(context.getResources(), dstArea));

        bitmap.recycle();
        rs.destroy();
    }
/**
     * 缩放图片
     * 
     * @param srcBitmap
     *            源图
     * @param newWidth
     *            新宽
     * @param newHeight
     *            新高
     * @return bitmap
     */
    public static Bitmap zoomImage(Bitmap srcBitmap, float scale) {
        // 获取这个图片的宽和高
        float width = srcBitmap.getWidth();
        float height = srcBitmap.getHeight();
        // 创建操作图片用的matrix对象
        Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
        // 缩放图片动作
        matrix.postScale(scale, scale);
        Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(srcBitmap, 0, 0, (int) width, (int) height, matrix, true);
        return bitmap;
    }

源码地址:Android局部模糊

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