要实现模糊或者毛玻璃效果,使用PS自然最方便(模糊的区域就较为固定);
也可在代码里进行动态处理。
因为要模糊的区域并不固定,所以只能琢磨一下后者;
经过一番搜寻研究,得到两种切实可行的方法。
一,使用FastBlur;
二,使用RenderScript。
效果如下:
/**
* 高斯模糊
*
* @param srcBitmap
* 源位图
* @param radius
* 模糊半径
* @return bitmap
*/
public static Bitmap blurByGauss(Bitmap srcBitmap, int radius) {
Bitmap bitmap = srcBitmap.copy(srcBitmap.getConfig(), true);
if (radius < 1) {
return (null);
}
int w = bitmap.getWidth();
int h = bitmap.getHeight();
int[] pix = new int[w * h];
bitmap.getPixels(pix, 0, w, 0, 0, w, h);
int wm = w - 1;
int hm = h - 1;
int wh = w * h;
int div = radius + radius + 1;
int r[] = new int[wh];
int g[] = new int[wh];
int b[] = new int[wh];
int rsum, gsum, bsum, x, y, i, p, yp, yi, yw;
int vmin[] = new int[Math.max(w, h)];
int divsum = (div + 1) >> 1;
divsum *= divsum;
int temp = 256 * divsum;
int dv[] = new int[temp];
for (i = 0; i < temp; i++) {
dv[i] = (i / divsum);
}
yw = yi = 0;
int[][] stack = new int[div][3];
int stackpointer;
int stackstart;
int[] sir;
int rbs;
int r1 = radius + 1;
int routsum, goutsum, boutsum;
int rinsum, ginsum, binsum;
for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
rinsum = ginsum = binsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = 0;
for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
p = pix[yi + Math.min(wm, Math.max(i, 0))];
sir = stack[i + radius];
sir[0] = (p & 0xff0000) >> 16;
sir[1] = (p & 0x00ff00) >> 8;
sir[2] = (p & 0x0000ff);
rbs = r1 - Math.abs(i);
rsum += sir[0] * rbs;
gsum += sir[1] * rbs;
bsum += sir[2] * rbs;
if (i > 0) {
rinsum += sir[0];
ginsum += sir[1];
binsum += sir[2];
} else {
routsum += sir[0];
goutsum += sir[1];
boutsum += sir[2];
}
}
stackpointer = radius;
for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {
r[yi] = dv[rsum];
g[yi] = dv[gsum];
b[yi] = dv[bsum];
rsum -= routsum;
gsum -= goutsum;
bsum -= boutsum;
stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
sir = stack[stackstart % div];
routsum -= sir[0];
goutsum -= sir[1];
boutsum -= sir[2];
if (y == 0) {
vmin[x] = Math.min(x + radius + 1, wm);
}
p = pix[yw + vmin[x]];
sir[0] = (p & 0xff0000) >> 16;
sir[1] = (p & 0x00ff00) >> 8;
sir[2] = (p & 0x0000ff);
rinsum += sir[0];
ginsum += sir[1];
binsum += sir[2];
rsum += rinsum;
gsum += ginsum;
bsum += binsum;
stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
sir = stack[(stackpointer) % div];
routsum += sir[0];
goutsum += sir[1];
boutsum += sir[2];
rinsum -= sir[0];
ginsum -= sir[1];
binsum -= sir[2];
yi++;
}
yw += w;
}
for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {
rinsum = ginsum = binsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = 0;
yp = -radius * w;
for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
yi = Math.max(0, yp) + x;
sir = stack[i + radius];
sir[0] = r[yi];
sir[1] = g[yi];
sir[2] = b[yi];
rbs = r1 - Math.abs(i);
rsum += r[yi] * rbs;
gsum += g[yi] * rbs;
bsum += b[yi] * rbs;
if (i > 0) {
rinsum += sir[0];
ginsum += sir[1];
binsum += sir[2];
} else {
routsum += sir[0];
goutsum += sir[1];
boutsum += sir[2];
}
if (i < hm) {
yp += w;
}
}
yi = x;
stackpointer = radius;
for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
pix[yi] = (0xff000000 & pix[yi]) | (dv[rsum] << 16) | (dv[gsum] << 8) | dv[bsum];
rsum -= routsum;
gsum -= goutsum;
bsum -= boutsum;
stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
sir = stack[stackstart % div];
routsum -= sir[0];
goutsum -= sir[1];
boutsum -= sir[2];
if (x == 0) {
vmin[y] = Math.min(y + r1, hm) * w;
}
p = x + vmin[y];
sir[0] = r[p];
sir[1] = g[p];
sir[2] = b[p];
rinsum += sir[0];
ginsum += sir[1];
binsum += sir[2];
rsum += rinsum;
gsum += ginsum;
bsum += binsum;
stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
sir = stack[stackpointer];
routsum += sir[0];
goutsum += sir[1];
boutsum += sir[2];
rinsum -= sir[0];
ginsum -= sir[1];
binsum -= sir[2];
yi += w;
}
}
bitmap.setPixels(pix, 0, w, 0, 0, w, h);
return bitmap;
}
这种算法是直接对像素进行处理,使用java写会慢一些,懂jni的话可以用C/C++写下,效率高一些。
2. RenderScript
/**
* RenderScript模糊
*
* @param context
* 上下文
* @param bitmap
* 源位图
* @param radius
* 模糊半径
* @return bitmap
*/
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
public static Bitmap blurBitmapByRender(Context context, Bitmap bitmap, float radius) {
Bitmap outBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight(), Config.ARGB_8888);
RenderScript rs = RenderScript.create(context);
ScriptIntrinsicBlur blurScript = ScriptIntrinsicBlur.create(rs, Element.U8_4(rs));
Allocation allIn = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, bitmap);
Allocation allOut = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, outBitmap);
blurScript.setRadius(radius);
blurScript.setInput(allIn);
blurScript.forEach(allOut);
allOut.copyTo(outBitmap);
bitmap.recycle();
rs.destroy();
return outBitmap;
}
整个例子就两个步骤:
一,为整体布局LayoutA设置背景图A;
二,为局部布局LayoutB设置经过模糊处理的背景图B。
需要注意的是,背景图B是从背景图A中截取出来的,并且经过模糊处理。
细分下来有以下几个步骤:
1.搭建整体布局,在xml中设置整体布局的背景图;
布局如下:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/rl_bg_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@drawable/bg"
tools:context="${relativePackage}.${activityClass}" >
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/ll_blur_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="150dp"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
LinearLayout>
RelativeLayout>
2.实例化布局控件,获取整体布局的显示内容;
要点一:这里要用到ViewTreeObserver, 是因为在onCreate方法中直接获取某控件的属性内容是得不到正确结果的(尚未完成绘制),所以采用ViewTreeObserver来进行监听;
要点二:获取一个控件的显示内容要用到getDrawingCache(),使用BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.bg)得到是原图,并不是控件中显示的内容,控件中显示的内容是已经经过缩放适配了的;
代码如下:
public class BlurActivity extends Activity {
/**
* 整体布局
*/
private RelativeLayout rlBgLayout;
/**
* 局部布局
*/
private LinearLayout llBlurLayout;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_blur);
initView();
}
protected void initView() {
rlBgLayout = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.rl_bg_layout);
llBlurLayout = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.ll_blur_layout);
setBlur();
}
protected void setBlur() {
ViewTreeObserver vto = rlBgLayout.getViewTreeObserver();
vto.addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
@Override
public void onGlobalLayout() {
// 保证只调用一次
rlBgLayout.getViewTreeObserver().removeOnGlobalLayoutListener(this);
// 组件生成cache(组件显示内容)
rlBgLayout.buildDrawingCache();
// 得到组件显示内容
Bitmap bitmap = rlBgLayout.getDrawingCache();
// 局部模糊处理
BitmapUtils.blur(getApplicationContext(), bitmap, llBlurLayout, 5);
}
});
}
}
3.根据整体布局与局部布局的大小获取要进行模糊处理的内容;
要点一:结合Bitmap.createBitmap和Canvas来获取正确的坐标和大小;
要点二:这里只需要知道局部布局的位置与大小即可,整体布局的背景图作为bitmap,局部布局作为view,可得到局部布局所在坐标为:(x,y)=(view.getLeft(),view.getLeft()),其大小为(w,h)=(view.getMeasuredWidth(),view.getMeasuredHeight())。再根据Canvas的位移函数translate与绘图函数drawBitmap即可从整体布局的背景图中截取到被局部布局覆盖的位图;
/**
* 得到待处理的位图
*
* @param bitmap
* 模糊位图
* @param view
* 模糊区域
* @return bitmap
*/
public static Bitmap getDstArea(Bitmap bitmap, View view) {
Bitmap dstArea = Bitmap.createBitmap((int) (view.getMeasuredWidth()), (int) (view.getMeasuredHeight()),
Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(dstArea);
canvas.translate(-view.getLeft(), -view.getTop());
canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, null);
return dstArea;
}
4.进行模糊处理,为局部布局设置背景图;
要点一:有两种方法,即上文说的两种算法,一种直接高斯计算像素FastBlur,一种利用RenderScript;
要点二:FastBlur相对慢一些,不过兼容性较好,支持所有版本;RenderScript则只支持17以上的SDK;
要点三:为了减少处理时间、提高处理效率,可以先将位图进行一定的压缩,然后再作模糊处理;
/**
* 高斯局部模糊
*
* @param context
* 上下文
* @param bitmap
* 模糊位图
* @param view
* 模糊区域
* @param radius
* 模糊半径
*/
public static void blurByGauss(Context context, Bitmap bitmap, View view, float radius) {
// 得到要处理的区域
Bitmap dstArea = getDstArea(bitmap, view);
// 作模糊处理
dstArea = blurByGauss(zoomImage(dstArea, 0.8f), (int) radius);
// 设置背景
view.setBackground(new BitmapDrawable(context.getResources(), dstArea));
bitmap.recycle();
}
/**
* RenderScript局部模糊
*
* @param context
* 上下文
* @param bitmap
* 模糊位图
* @param view
* 模糊区域
* @param radius
* 模糊半径
*/
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
public static void blurByRender(Context context, Bitmap bitmap, View view, float radius) {
// 得到要处理的区域
Bitmap dstArea = getDstArea(bitmap, view);
dstArea = zoomImage(dstArea, 0.8f);
// 作模糊处理
RenderScript rs = RenderScript.create(context);
Allocation overlayAlloc = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, dstArea);
ScriptIntrinsicBlur blur = ScriptIntrinsicBlur.create(rs, overlayAlloc.getElement());
blur.setInput(overlayAlloc);
blur.setRadius(radius);
blur.forEach(overlayAlloc);
overlayAlloc.copyTo(dstArea);
// 设置背景
view.setBackground(new BitmapDrawable(context.getResources(), dstArea));
bitmap.recycle();
rs.destroy();
}
/**
* 缩放图片
*
* @param srcBitmap
* 源图
* @param newWidth
* 新宽
* @param newHeight
* 新高
* @return bitmap
*/
public static Bitmap zoomImage(Bitmap srcBitmap, float scale) {
// 获取这个图片的宽和高
float width = srcBitmap.getWidth();
float height = srcBitmap.getHeight();
// 创建操作图片用的matrix对象
Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
// 缩放图片动作
matrix.postScale(scale, scale);
Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(srcBitmap, 0, 0, (int) width, (int) height, matrix, true);
return bitmap;
}
源码地址:Android局部模糊