浅谈_Java中的邮件发送
浅谈_Java中的邮件发送
本博客仅仅是个人工作的一些总结,在创作过程中同样借鉴了一些前辈的文档,如有不全面或是遗漏的地方还望各位读者指正~
相信很多同学都会遇到在程序中需要发送邮件的需求, 这里总结了两种发送邮件的方式:
一:使用JavaxMail进行邮件的发送
二:使用Spring封装的JavaMailSender进行邮件的发送
浅谈_一:使用JavaxMail进行邮件的发送
一__设置好邮箱的SMTP/POP3/IMAP协议的授权
这里要提一下,有些邮箱账号的密码是需要填写生成的授权码的(比如个人的QQ邮箱),
而有些邮箱地址需要填写邮箱账号的登录密码(比如腾讯企业邮箱,新浪邮箱),
网易的邮箱没有进行具体发送邮件的测试,如有需要,请读者自行测试.
新浪邮箱的设置:
个人QQ邮箱的设置:
腾讯企业邮箱不需要设置(官方说明中表明已经做好相应的配置,用户直接使用即可)
二__天才第一步_引入spring_context和javaxmail的依赖
org.springframework
spring-context-support
4.3.8.RELEASE
javax.mail
mail
1.6.0
这里使用的是javax.mail-1.6.0.jar
三__工具类代码
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage.RecipientType;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
/**
* 使用JavaxMail实现发送邮件的工具类
*/
public class MailUtil {
// properties配置文件地址
//private static final String PROPERTIES_PATH = "standard_data.properties";
private static Session session;
private static Properties props = new Properties();
//发送邮件的服务器地址
private static final String HOST = "smtp.sina.com";
//端口号
private static int PORT = 587;
//授权
private static final String isAUTH = "true";
//发送端地址
private static final String FROM = "**************";
//用户名(邮箱账号)
private static final String USERNAME = "*********";
//密码 个人QQ邮箱以及某些邮箱(具体看邮箱的设置)需要授权码,其他邮箱需要登录密码
private static final String PASSWORD = "************";
//延迟
private static final String TIMEOUT = "25000";
//Debug调试模式
private static final String DEBUG = "true";
// 初始化session
static {
//设置邮件会话属性
props.put("mail.smtp.host", HOST);
props.put("mail.smtp.port", PORT);
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", isAUTH);
props.put("fromer", FROM);
props.put("username", USERNAME);
props.put("password", PASSWORD);
props.put("mail.smtp.timeout", TIMEOUT);
props.put("mail.debug", DEBUG);
//通过在session中注册一个用户名,密码的认证器,初始化session
session = Session.getInstance(props, new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(USERNAME, PASSWORD);
}
});
//设置调试模式,发布时取消
//session.setDebug(true);
}
/**
*
* @Title sendEmail
* @Description 通过isHtml判断发送的邮件的内容
* @param to 邮件接收者
* @param content 邮件内容
* @param isHtml 是否发送html
* @throws MessagingException
* @throws IOException
* @throws FileNotFoundException
* @throws EmailException
*/
public static void sendEmail(String to, String title, String content, boolean isHtml)
throws FileNotFoundException, IOException, MessagingException {
String fromer = props.getProperty("fromer");
if (isHtml) {
sendHtmlEmail(to, title, content);
} else {
sendTextEmail(to, title, content);
}
}
// 发送纯文字邮件
public static void sendTextEmail(String to, String subject, String content)
throws FileNotFoundException, IOException, MessagingException {
Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(FROM));
message.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setText(content);
message.setSentDate(new Date());
Transport.send(message);
}
// 发送有HTML格式邮件
public static void sendHtmlEmail(String to, String subject, String htmlConent)
throws FileNotFoundException, IOException, MessagingException {
Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(FROM));
message.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setSentDate(new Date());
Multipart multi = new MimeMultipart();
BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart();
html.setContent(htmlConent, "text/html; charset=utf-8");
multi.addBodyPart(html);
message.setContent(multi);
Transport.send(message);
}
// 发送带附件的邮件
public static void sendFileEmail(String to, String subject, String htmlConent, File attachment)
throws FileNotFoundException, IOException, MessagingException {
Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
String fromer = props.getProperty("fromer");
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(fromer));
message.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setSentDate(new Date());
// 向multipart对象中添加邮件的各个部分内容，包括文本内容和附件
Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
// 添加邮件正文
BodyPart contentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
contentPart.setContent(htmlConent, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);
// 添加附件的内容
if (attachment != null) {
BodyPart attachmentBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
DataSource source = new FileDataSource(attachment);
attachmentBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
// 网上流传的解决文件名乱码的方法，其实用MimeUtility.encodeWord就可以很方便的搞定
// 这里很重要，通过下面的Base64编码的转换可以保证你的中文附件标题名在发送时不会变成乱码
//sun.misc.BASE64Encoder enc = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder();
//attachmentBodyPart.setFileName("=?GBK?B?" + enc.encode(attachment.getName().getBytes()) + "?=");
// MimeUtility.encodeWord可以避免中文文件名乱码
attachmentBodyPart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeWord(attachment.getName()));
multipart.addBodyPart(attachmentBodyPart);
}
message.setContent(multipart);
Transport.send(message);
}
// 发送纯文字邮件,可以添加抄送地址
public static void sendTextEmailAndCC(String to, Address[] CCs,String subject, String content)
throws FileNotFoundException, IOException, MessagingException {
Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(FROM));
message.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
if(CCs != null && CCs.length > 0) {
message.addRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC,CCs);
}
/*//添加抄送地址
String cc1 = "[email protected]";
Address address_cc1 = new InternetAddress(cc1);
Address[] cc = {address_cc1};
message.addRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC,cc);*/
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setText(content);
message.setSentDate(new Date());
Transport.send(message);
}
}浅谈_二:使用Spring封装的JavaMailSender进行邮件的发送
一__设置好邮箱的SMTP/POP3/IMAP协议的授权
此处如上所述,略
二__引入依赖
此处如上所述,略
三__配置applicationContext-mail.xml文件(可选操作,也可以在类中进行配)
true
25000
四__工具类代码
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.MailException;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* 使用Spring的JavaMail发送邮件的工具类
*/
public class EmailUtil {
//邮箱发送服务器 QQ企业邮箱
private static final String HOST = "smtp.exmail.qq.com";
//邮箱接收服务器 QQ企业邮箱
private static final String REV = "imap.exmail.qq.com";
//协议类型
private static final String PROTOCOL = "smtp";
//端口
private static final int PORT = 587;//465
//发送邮件地址
private static final String FROM = "**********";
//用户名
private static final String USERNAME = "**********";
//密码_QQ邮箱必须填写授权码_QQ企业邮箱填写登录密码即可
private static final String PASSWORD = "*********";
//字符集
private static final String ENCODE = "UTF-8";
//邮件抄送地址
private static final String CC = "**********";
//邮件密送地址
private static final String BCC = "********";
//系统属性
private static final String AUTH = "true";
private static final String TIMEOUT = "25000";
//创建一个JavaMailSenderImpl对象,该对象实现了JavaMailSender接口
private static JavaMailSenderImpl sender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
//创建一个系统属性集
private static Properties prop = new Properties();
static {
//设置邮件服务器参数
sender.setHost(HOST);
sender.setProtocol(PROTOCOL);
sender.setPort(PORT);
sender.setUsername(USERNAME);
sender.setPassword(PASSWORD);
sender.setDefaultEncoding(ENCODE);
//设置系统属性
prop.put("mail.smtp.auth",AUTH);
prop.put("mail.smtp.timeout",TIMEOUT);
prop.put("mail.smtps.ssl.enable", "true");
//设置调试模式可以在控制台查看发送过程
prop.put("mail.debug", "true");
sender.setJavaMailProperties(prop);
}
/**
* 发送普通文本的邮件
* @param to
* @param subject
* @param text
* @return
*/
public static boolean sendTextMail(String[] to,String subject,String text) {
boolean result = true;
SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
message.setFrom(FROM);
message.setTo(to);
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setSentDate(new Date());
message.setText(text);
try {
sender.send(message);
} catch (MailException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
result = false;
}
return result;
}
/**
* 发送html格式的邮件
* @param to
* @param subject
* @param html
* @return
*/
public static boolean sendHtmlMail(String[] to,String subject,String html) {
boolean result = true;
MimeMessage mimeMessage = sender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage);
try {
messageHelper.setFrom(FROM);
messageHelper.setTo(to);
messageHelper.setSubject(subject);
messageHelper.setText(html,true);
messageHelper.setSentDate(new Date());
sender.send(mimeMessage);
} catch (MessagingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
result = false;
}
return result;
}
/**
* 发送带内嵌图片的邮件
* html中src:cid的数据需要与addInline()中第一个参数一致
* @param to
* @param subject
* @param filePath
* @param html
* @return
*/
public static boolean sendPicMail(String[] to,String subject,String filePath,String html) {
boolean result = true;
MimeMessage mailMessage = sender.createMimeMessage();
try {
MimeMessageHelper messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mailMessage,true);
messageHelper.setFrom(FROM);
messageHelper.setTo(to);
messageHelper.setSubject(subject);
messageHelper.setText(html,true);
//FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));
FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(filePath);
String filename = file.getFilename();
messageHelper.addInline(filename,file);
sender.send(mailMessage);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
result = false;
}
return result;
}
/**
* 发送带附件的邮件
* @param to
* @param subject
* @param filePath
* @param html
* @return
*/
public static boolean sendFileMail(String[] to,String subject,String filePath,String html) {
boolean result = true;
MimeMessage mailMessage = sender.createMimeMessage();
try {
MimeMessageHelper messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mailMessage,true,"UTF-8");
messageHelper.setFrom(FROM);
messageHelper.setTo(to);
messageHelper.setSubject(subject);
messageHelper.setText(html,true);
FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));
String filename = file.getFilename();
//如果附件的中文名乱码
//String filename = MimeUtility.encodeWord(file.getFilename());
messageHelper.addAttachment(filename,file);
sender.send(mailMessage);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
result = false;
}
return result;
}
}注:在发送带内嵌图片的邮件时,传入的html参数中的![](cid:<span style="font-size:16px;color:#cc0000;">name.png</span>)
,需要与addInline()方法中的第一个参数完全一致,否则图片无法显示!!!
这里附上借鉴的另一篇关于发送邮件的优秀博客:
https://blog.csdn.net/caimengyuan/article/details/51224269点击打开链接
JavaAPI的详解:
https://blog.csdn.net/imain/article/details/1453677点击打开链接
Ps : javax.mail.jar的版本过低会出现问题,最开始用的1.3.0的版本就出现了各种问题,搞了好久发现是版本过低了.............