STM32应用之TFT1.44寸屏ST7735驱动 SPI通信

STM32应用之TFT1.44寸屏ST7735驱动

GitHub项目下载链接：点我下载
硬件平台：stm32f103rct和1.44寸128x128 TFT屏（st7735驱动）
IDE：keil MDK

一些可能的问题：
1、首先为了驱动一款TFT屏，理所应当的应该知道屏幕的驱动芯片，比如我们这次使用的TFT屏就是ST7735R的驱动芯片，所以理所应当的要查找芯片手册，ST7735的芯片手册上网查也是一大堆，这个不赘述。
当然，一款驱动芯片不止能驱动一种分辨率，我们使用的就是128x128的屏幕，但这款驱动芯片最低支持132x132的屏幕，这会导致绘图时画面偏移，从芯片手册中可以了解到 ↓↓↓↓↓↓↓

关于这个问题，我们过后解答，先卖一个关子。

2、ST7735有非常多的命令，对于一个 初学者来说不可能全部看完，所以在初始化代码中会有非常多的命令和参数初始化，我们一般直接使用网上各路前辈的初始化代码（因为实在太多了XD）。

引脚定义：

BLK：背光控制
RS：就是芯片手册中的 DC(数据与命令)
RST：复位
CS：片选（低电平选中）
SC：接SCLK
DI：接MOSI
GND：地
VCC：最好接3.3v

贴代码：
tft_144.h:

#ifndef _TFT_144_H_
#define _TFT_144_H_

#include "stm32f10x_conf.h"
#include 

/* parameters */
#define WIDTH  128
#define LENGTH 128

/* pins definitions */
#define LA0	GPIO_Pin_6		// GPIOC
#define LSDI GPIO_Pin_15	// GPIOB
#define LSCL GPIO_Pin_13	// GPIOB
#define LCS GPIO_Pin_12		// GPIOB

#define LA0_SET() GPIOC->BSRR = 1<<6
#define LA0_CLR() GPIOC->BRR = 1<<6

#define LCS_SET() GPIOB->BSRR = 1<<12
#define LCS_CLR() GPIOB->BRR = 1<<12

/* functions */
void TFT_GPIO ( void );		// TFT的GPIO初始化
void TFT_MEM  ( void );		// 显存的分配
void TFT_INIT ( void );		// TFT初始化

#define LCMD 0		// 命令
#define LDAT 1		// 数据
void writeCmdData ( unsigned char Byte, unsigned char opt );

#define RED		0xf800
#define GREEN	0x07e0
#define BLUE	0x001f
#define YELLOW	0xffe0
#define BLACK	0x0000
#define WHITE	0xffff
void setPos( int sx, int ex, int sy, int ey );	// 设置绘图区域
void write2Byte( unsigned int twoByte );		// 写两个字节，因为color数据是16位
void writeAnColor( unsigned int color );		// 填充全屏

#endif

tft_144.c:

#include "tft_144.h"

unsigned short int* LCD_MEM;

void TFT_GPIO ( void ) {

	SPI_InitTypeDef MYSPI;
	GPIO_InitTypeDef TFTIO;

	//时钟使能
	RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd( RCC_APB1Periph_SPI2, ENABLE );
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd( RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE );
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd( RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC, ENABLE );
	//SPI配置
	MYSPI.SPI_Mode = SPI_Mode_Master;
	MYSPI.SPI_CPOL = SPI_CPOL_High;
	MYSPI.SPI_CPHA = SPI_CPHA_2Edge;
	MYSPI.SPI_FirstBit = SPI_FirstBit_MSB;
	MYSPI.SPI_DataSize = SPI_DataSize_8b;
	MYSPI.SPI_BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_2;
	MYSPI.SPI_Direction = SPI_Direction_2Lines_FullDuplex;
	MYSPI.SPI_NSS = SPI_NSS_Soft;
	SPI_Init( SPI2, &MYSPI );
	SPI_Cmd( SPI2, ENABLE );
	//引脚配置
	TFTIO.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
	TFTIO.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	TFTIO.GPIO_Pin = LA0;
	GPIO_Init( GPIOC, &TFTIO );
	
	TFTIO.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
	TFTIO.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	TFTIO.GPIO_Pin = LSDI|LSCL|LCS;
	GPIO_Init( GPIOB, &TFTIO );

}

/* assemble the video memory */
void TFT_MEM  ( void ) {
	LCD_MEM = (unsigned short int*)\
			  malloc( sizeof(unsigned short int)*( WIDTH*LENGTH ) );
}

void TFT_INIT ( void ) {

	TFT_GPIO();
	//TFT_MEM();
	//以下的初始化代码复制粘贴即可，不用深究
	writeCmdData(0x28, LCMD);
	writeCmdData(0x11, LCMD);//Sleep exit 
		
	//ST7735R Frame Rate
	writeCmdData(0xB1, LCMD); 
	writeCmdData(0x01, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x2C, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x2D, LDAT); 

	writeCmdData(0xB2, LCMD); 
	writeCmdData(0x01, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x2C, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x2D, LDAT); 

	writeCmdData(0xB3, LCMD); 
	writeCmdData(0x01, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x2C, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x2D, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x01, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x2C, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x2D, LDAT); 
	
	writeCmdData(0xB4, LCMD); //Column inversion 
	writeCmdData(0x07, LDAT); 
	
	//ST7735R Power Sequence
	writeCmdData(0xC0, LCMD); 
	writeCmdData(0xA2, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x02, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x84, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0xC1, LCMD); 
	writeCmdData(0xC5, LDAT); 

	writeCmdData(0xC2, LCMD); 
	writeCmdData(0x0A, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x00, LDAT); 

	writeCmdData(0xC3, LCMD); 
	writeCmdData(0x8A, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x2A, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0xC4, LCMD); 
	writeCmdData(0x8A, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0xEE, LDAT); 
	
	writeCmdData(0xC5, LCMD); //VCOM 
	writeCmdData(0x0E, LDAT); 
	
	writeCmdData(0x36, LCMD); //MX, MY, RGB mode 
	writeCmdData(0xC8, LDAT); //竖屏C8 横屏08 A8	
	
	//ST7735R Gamma Sequence
	writeCmdData(0xe0, LCMD); 
	writeCmdData(0x0f, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x1a, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x0f, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x18, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x2f, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x28, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x20, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x22, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x1f, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x1b, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x23, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x37, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x00, LDAT); 	
	writeCmdData(0x07, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x02, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x10, LDAT); 

	writeCmdData(0xe1, LCMD); 
	writeCmdData(0x0f, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x1b, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x0f, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x17, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x33, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x2c, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x29, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x2e, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x30, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x30, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x39, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x3f, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x00, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x07, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x03, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0x10, LDAT);  
	
	writeCmdData(0xF0, LCMD); //Enable test command  
	writeCmdData(0x01, LDAT); 
	writeCmdData(0xF6, LCMD); //Disable ram power save mode 
	writeCmdData(0x00, LDAT); 
	
	writeCmdData(0x3A, LCMD); //65k mode 
	writeCmdData(0x05, LDAT); 
	
	writeCmdData(0x29, LCMD);//Display on
	
	writeAnColor( YELLOW );

}

void writeCmdData ( unsigned char Byte, unsigned char opt ) {
	//根据opt设置传入的是数据还是命令
	if ( opt == LCMD ) {
		LA0_CLR();
	} else if ( opt == LDAT ) {
		LA0_SET();
	}
	LCS_CLR();		//低电平使能
	SPI_I2S_SendData( SPI2, Byte );
	while( !( (SPI2->SR)&(SPI_I2S_FLAG_TXE) ) );
	LCS_SET();		//取消片选
}

void setPos( int sx, int ex, int sy, int ey ) {
	// X轴
	// 注意这里的“sx+2”，就是之前所说的偏移问题的解决方法
	writeCmdData( 0x2a, LCMD );
	writeCmdData( 0x00, LDAT );
	writeCmdData( sx+2, LDAT );
	writeCmdData( 0x00, LDAT );
	writeCmdData( ex+2, LDAT );
	// Y轴
	writeCmdData( 0x2b, LCMD );
	writeCmdData( 0x00, LDAT );
	writeCmdData( sy+3, LDAT );
	writeCmdData( 0x00, LDAT );
	writeCmdData( ey+3, LDAT );
	// 很重要！最后的写入命令
	writeCmdData( 0x2c, LCMD );
}

void write2Byte( unsigned int twoByte ) {
 	// 根据芯片手册可知先传输高8位，后传输低8位，总共16位
	writeCmdData( twoByte>>8, LDAT );
	writeCmdData( twoByte, LDAT );
}

void writeAnColor( unsigned int color ) {
	unsigned char x = 0;
	unsigned char y = 0;
	setPos( 0, 127, 0, 127 );
	for ( y = 0; y < LENGTH; y++ ) {
		for ( x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++ ) {
			write2Byte( color );
		}
	}
}

main.c

#include 
#include "stm32f10x_conf.h"
/* User's inc */
#include "tft_144.h"

int main () {

	TFT_INIT();
	
	while ( 1 );
	
}