摘要：SuSE11sp3 64位操作系统、 MySQL5.7.22 rpm安装包
5.7版本与先前版本安装有所区别，需要注意
注：kingtry是我的主机名
一、环境准备
操作系统：SuSE版本11sp3，64位
kingtry:~ # uname -a Linux kingtry 3.0.76-0.11-default #1 SMP Fri Jun 14 08:21:43 UTC 2013 (ccab990) x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux kingtry:~ # cat /etc/SuSE-release SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86_64) VERSION = 11 PATCHLEVEL = 3
二、检测是否安装过MySQL
我的电脑上显示以前安装过5.1.73版本的mysql，这个显示信息与实际情况相关。
kingtry:~ # rpm -qa | grep -i mysql libmysqlclient_r15-5.0.96-0.6.1 libqt4-sql-mysql-4.6.3-5.25.4 MySQL-client-community-5.1.73-1.sles11 MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.sles11
注意输出的MySQL-*，表示已经安装过。lib开头的可以忽略。
输入以下命令删除：
kingtry:~ #rpm -e MySQL-client-community-5.1.73-1.sles11 kingtry:~ #rpm -e MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.sles11
三、软件准备
mysql-community-common-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm四、安装软件
注：4个rpm安装包，有依赖关系，按照以下顺序分别安装即可。
kingtry:~ # rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm kingtry:~ # rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm kingtry:~ # rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm kingtry:~ # rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
如果想查询rpm包详细的安装文件列表及每个文件的实际存储路径，可通过命令rpm -ql来查询，如：
kingtry:~ # rpm -ql mysql-community-client-5.7.22-1.sles11 /usr/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql_config_editor /usr/bin/mysqladmin /usr/bin/mysqlbinlog /usr/bin/mysqlcheck /usr/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin/mysqlimport /usr/bin/mysqlpump /usr/bin/mysqlshow /usr/bin/mysqlslap /usr/share/doc/packages/mysql-community-client /usr/share/doc/packages/mysql-community-client/COPYING /usr/share/doc/packages/mysql-community-client/README /usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_config_editor.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqladmin.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlbinlog.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlcheck.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqldump.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlimport.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlpump.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlshow.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlslap.1.gz
五、修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf
软件安装之后自动生成/etc/my.cnf文件，实际生成文件内容比较简单，下面是我修改之后的
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[client]
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8
# Here follows entries for some specific programs
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
datadir = /data/mysql/data
tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmp
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid
user = mysql
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
lower_case_table_names = 1
max_connections = 1000
back_log = 1024
open_files_limit = 10240
table_open_cache = 5120
#bind-address = 127.0.0.1
#skip-name-resolve
skip-external-locking
local-infile = 1
key_buffer_size = 32M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking
# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql-bin
# binary logging format - mixed recommended
binlog_format = mixed
# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id = 1
# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
# the syntax is:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=, MASTER_PORT=,
# MASTER_USER=, MASTER_PASSWORD= ;
#
# where you replace , , by quoted strings and
# by the master's port number (3306 by default).
#
# Example:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
# MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
# start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
# if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
# connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
# change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
# overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
# the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
# For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
# (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave - required
#master-host =
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master - required
#master-user =
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master - required
#master-password =
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional - defaults to 3306
#master-port =
#
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin
# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 2
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_write_io_threads = 8
innodb_purge_threads = 1
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 10
log-queries-not-using-indexes
log-error = /data/mysql/mysql.err
expire-logs-days = 10
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 512M
net_buffer_length = 16384
[mysql]
auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout 六、初始化数据库
注：5.7版本的rpm包安装之后默认不再创建数据库，mysql服务也不会自动启动。但是它还是自动增加了系统用户mysql。
kingtry:~ # mkdir -p /data/mysql/{data,tmp} #创建存放数据文件目录，data与tmp之间不能为空格
kingtry:~ # chown -R mysql /data/mysql
kingtry:~ # mysqld --initialize --datadir=/data/mysql/data/ --user=mysql #初始化
初始化成功之后，会将root的默认密码写入文件：/data/mysql/mysql.err 中，如下：
A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: _tVUgaq%P25Q #这就是root的默认密码七、启动mysql服务即可
kingtry:~ # service mysql start done Starting MySQL. done kingtry:~ #
检查MySQL服务是否已经启动：
kingtry:~ # netstat -nat | grep 3306
八、安装后配置之root密码修改
root初始密码自动生成，默认存放在/data/mysql/mysql.err 中。修改root密码的方式有以下两种，随便哪个都行：
1、命令方式
kingtry:~ # mysqladmin -u root -p password 'root123' Enter password:
2、修改库表数据方式
先登陆mysql服务器
mysql> set password=password('root123')九、防火墙允许3306端口
kingtry:~ # vi /etc/sysconfig/SuSEfirewall2
在FW_SERVICES_EXT_TCP增加3306端口，如果存在其他端口，则空格隔开，如：
FW_SERVICES_EXT_TCP="21 22 3306"
重启防火墙：
# rcSuSEfirewall2 restart
十、设置远程访问
先登陆mysql服务器，授权root用户可以远程登陆
mysql> grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>注：生产环境最好只允许root在特定IP的机器上才能远程访问。
关于RPM安装方式说明：
显面易见的是简单；
但缺点也比较突出：不灵活，通过RPM管理的单个系统中只能安装一套MySQL