注释
# 我是一个python的注释!我是绿色的!
"""
我是多行注释,我是红色的!
"""
'\n我是多行注释,我是红色的!\n'
print(1+1) #加法
2
print(1*1)#乘法
1
print(1-1)#减法
0
print(3/2)#除法
1.5
print(3//2)#整除(地板除)
1
print(3%4)#取余
3
print(3**3) #幂
27
print(2>1)
True
print(2>= 4)
False
print(3 == 4) #3等于4嘛?
False
print(1<2) #1小于等于2嘛?
True
print(5 <= 2) #5小于等于2嘛?
False
print(3!=5) #3不等于5嘛?
True
print(3>2) and (3<5) # 3大于2且3小于5
True
print(1>3)or (9<2)
False
False
print(not (2>1))
False
这部分还需进一步学习二进制算法。
print(bin(4))
0b100
print(bin(5))
0b101
print(bin(~4))
-0b101
print(bin(4&5))
0b100
print(bin(4|5))
0b101
print(bin(4<<2))
0b10000
print(bin(4^5))
0b1
print(bin(4>>2))
0b1
#这是一个特别冗余的表达方式!
x, y = 4, 5
if x < y:
small = x
else:
small = y
print(small)
4
#用三元操作符可以做简化如下:
x, y = 4, 5
small = x if x < y else y
print(small)
4
letters = ['A','B','C']
if 'A' in letters:
print('A'+' exists')
if 'H' not in letters:
print('H' + ' not exists')
A exists
H not exists
比较两个变量均指向不可变的类型
a = 'hello'
b = 'hello'
print(a is b, a == b)
print(a is not b, a != b)
True True
False False
比较两个变量均指向可变类型, 这里需要注意以下a is b 和 a == b 运算的区别,is对比的是内存的地址, ==对比的是变量之间的值!
a = ['hello']
b = ['hello']
print(a is b, a == b)
print(a is not b, a != b)
False True
True False
print(-4 ** 2)
-16
print(3 ** -3)
0.037037037037037035
print(1<< 3 + 3 & 7)
0
print(-3 * 2 + 5 / -2 - 4)
-12.5
print(3 < 4 and 4 < 5)
True
teacher = 'a'
teacher
'a'
first = 1
second = 2
third = first + second
third
3
myTeacher = "老马的程序人生"
yourTeacher = "小马的程序人生"
ourTeacher = myTeacher + ',' + yourTeacher
print(ourTeacher)
老马的程序人生,小马的程序人生
数据类型一共有三种,分别:
a = 1110
type(a)
int
Python都是对象,有属性和方法!
b = dir(int) #dir可用来查看属性和方法
b
['__abs__',
'__add__',
'__and__',
'__bool__',
'__ceil__',
'__class__',
'__delattr__',
'__dir__',
'__divmod__',
'__doc__',
'__eq__',
'__float__',
'__floor__',
'__floordiv__',
'__format__',
'__ge__',
'__getattribute__',
'__getnewargs__',
'__gt__',
'__hash__',
'__index__',
'__init__',
'__init_subclass__',
'__int__',
'__invert__',
'__le__',
'__lshift__',
'__lt__',
'__mod__',
'__mul__',
'__ne__',
'__neg__',
'__new__',
'__or__',
'__pos__',
'__pow__',
'__radd__',
'__rand__',
'__rdivmod__',
'__reduce__',
'__reduce_ex__',
'__repr__',
'__rfloordiv__',
'__rlshift__',
'__rmod__',
'__rmul__',
'__ror__',
'__round__',
'__rpow__',
'__rrshift__',
'__rshift__',
'__rsub__',
'__rtruediv__',
'__rxor__',
'__setattr__',
'__sizeof__',
'__str__',
'__sub__',
'__subclasshook__',
'__truediv__',
'__trunc__',
'__xor__',
'bit_length',
'conjugate',
'denominator',
'from_bytes',
'imag',
'numerator',
'real',
'to_bytes']
这个以后查文档的时候会用到
a = 1101
print(bin(a)) #换成二进制
print(a.bit_length()) #计算二进制长度!
0b10001001101
11
print(1, type(1))
print(1., type(1.))
a = 0.00000023
b = 2.3e-7
print(a)
print(b)
1
1.0
2.3e-07
2.3e-07
from decimal import Decimal
a = decimal.getcontext()
print(a)
Context(prec=28, rounding=ROUND_HALF_EVEN, Emin=-999999, Emax=999999, capitals=1, clamp=0, flags=[], traps=[InvalidOperation, DivisionByZero, Overflow])